Rose garden in Worms
The song from the Rosengarten zu Worms (also called the Rosengartenlied or to differentiate it from the Laurin also called Großer Rosengarten ) is a verse epic from the 13th century in a rather folk style, in which the saga of the Nibelungenlied is linked with that of Dietrich von Bern . In contrast to the older Nibelungenlied, Kriemhild is the guardian of a rose garden, which is guarded by 12 heroes. Siegfried is just one of them. She invites Dietrich von Bern and 11 of his warriors to compete against their own heroes. The song belongs to the field of aventiuric Dietrichepik . On the Bern side are Hildebrand , Dietrich, Wolfhart , Alphart , Siegstab , Eckhart , Heime , Wittich , Hartung, Helmschrot, Dietleib and Ilsan . Dietrich competes against Siegfried, defeats him, in one version of the legend he even kills Siegfried. In the Thidreksaga it is described that Dietrich can only defeat Siegfried with a ruse.
Lore
The extensive tradition includes 21 manuscripts from the early 14th century to around 1500 and the 6 prints of the Heldenbuch from 1479 and 1590. These allow at least 5 versions to be distinguished. The stanza form is Hildebrand's tone, in the younger Vulgate version of version A and the Dresden Rosengarten with the variant of the Heunenweise with caesura rhymes. In addition, there have been dramatizations, presumably since the end of the 14th century, with a first text transmission ( Das recken spil ) from the games collection of the painter and game director Vigil Raber , who worked in Bolzano and Sterzing , from the period from 1510 to 1535, and in 1533 the Berliners Fragments of a rose garden game .
content
Version A (older Vulgate version, 390 stanzas): Kriemhild, daughter of the Burgundy King Gibich , owns a magnificent rose garden in Worms, which is guarded by twelve heroes, including her father, her brothers and her fiancé Siegfried. Kriemhild sends a delegation under Duke Sabin to Bern with a letter of challenge. Each winner is promised a rosary and a kiss from Kriemhild. Dietrich reacts angrily, wants to have the messengers killed, but is appeased by Wolfhart and Hildebrand. The challenge is accepted. Hildebrand determines the fighters, Dietleib and Ilsan have to be brought in first. In Worms they are received by Gibich and Kriemhild. Hildebrand and Gibich call on the fighters: the giant Pusolt against Wolfhart, the giant Ortwin against Sigestab, the giant Schrutan against Heime, the giant Asprian against Witege, Studenfuchs from the Rhine against Islan, Walther von Wasgenstein against Dietleib, Volker von Alzeleie against Ortwin, Hagen against Eckehart, Gernot against Helmschrot, Gunther against Amelolt, Gibich against Hildebrand, Siegfried against Dietrich. The Bernese win in almost all fights, only the fight between Walther and Dietleib remains undecided. Dietrich hesitates for fear to face Siegfried and has to be irritated by Wolfhart and Hildebrand. Witege only fights when he can trade Dietrich's Ross Schemming for his own Ross Falke. Ilsan defeated another 52 opponents and received another 52 rosaries that he had promised his monk brothers on the exit. During the 52 kisses that Kriemhild has to give him, his rough beard scratches her face. Gibich must take his land from Dietrich as a fief. The Bernese are moving home. Ilsan returns to the monastery and presses the rosaries on his monks' heads so that the blood runs down.
Version DP , Vulgate version D (633 stanzas): Here Gibich himself is master of the rose garden. The struggle for suzerainty is in the foreground: Gibich announces that he is subject to the one who defeats the guardians of the garden. Etzel finds out about this and goes to Bern to see Dietrich, who declares himself ready to take up the fight. The journey to Worms via the Etzelhof, as a fighter is next Dietleib nor the related services Etzel Rüdiger summoned. For the crossing over the Rhine the ferryman Norprecht demands foot and hand as a toll, but is defeated by Islan, who is picked up again. The fighting couples are slightly different: Hagen against Wolfhart, Asprian against Witege, the giant Schrutan against Heime, Stüefing against Dietleib, Gunther against Vruot of Denmark, Gernot against Rüdiger, Walther von Kerling against Harnit von Riuzen, Herbort against Dietrich von Greece, Rienold against Sigestab, Volker against Islan, Siegfried against Dietrich. Witege does not fight again until Dietrich gives him back Schemming, which he had once lost to Dietrich. Gibich becomes Dietrich and Etzel loan . Wolfhart and Hagen are reconciled. Hagen curses Kriemhild.
Version F , only preserved in fragments, contains the Duchess Seeburg of Bavaria as an additional person, who is persuaded through her lover Dankwart to convey Kriemhild's challenge to Dietrich. The confrontation between Hagen and Kriemhild is also intensified: Hagen and Dankwart join forces with the Bernese against Kriemhild. Seeburg mediates through her lover Dankwart.
Version C is a mixture of Version A and DP.
The fifth version is a Low German version with a completely independent description, but only the entrance has been preserved.
Relationship with Biterolf and Dietleib
In the second part of the epic Biterolf and Dietleib , which is loosely connected to the Dietrich figure, Dietleib undertakes a campaign of revenge to Worms with a large army under the leadership of Rüdiger, in which Dietrich and his journeymen also ride, because Gunther, Gernot and Hagen him on his way from Spain to Have attacked Etzelhof. Some serious, some athletic fights now ensue, in which Dietrich also meets Siegfried. In the end, both parties reconcile. The representation of the fights partly corresponds to the wording of the rose garden in Worms. In contrast to the rose garden song , the epic is only handed down in the late Ambras book of heroes , which was written between 1504 and 1516. It is generally assumed that the rose garden song is older and that the Dietleib epic took over the fighting scenes.
Relationship to the Thidrek saga
The number of combat scheme of the Rose Garden is in the Thidrekssaga a parallel in the story of Thidreks train to Bert Ange country. King Isung rules there, and the young Sigurd (Siegfried) is also in his pay. In the 13 individual fights, Heime, Herbrand, Wild-Ewer, Sintram and Fasold are defeated by Isung's five first sons. Amelung overcomes the sixth son, but Jarl Hornbogi and Högni are defeated by the seventh and eighth son. Thetleif the Dane overcomes the ninth, Hildebrand is subject to the tenth, Gunnar to King Isung himself. Widga is able to overcome the eleventh son. Thidrek borrows from Widga Mimung , since Eckesachs doesn't help against Sigurd's tough skin. Sigurd wants Thidrek to swear not to use Mimung, but after a sly oath Thidrek can use Mimung and defeat Sigurd. This becomes Thidrek's follower. Thidrek and Isung become friends. Since other names are used and the row fight does not take place in a rose garden, it can be assumed that the writers of the Thidrek saga did not simply take over the rose garden epic and rewrite it, but resorted to an older material that they shared with the rose garden epic.
Relationship to the Nibelungenlied
The rose garden presumably emerged from the Nibelungen saga, in which an event is described from the time when Siegfried was already at the Worms court. In contrast to the Nibelungenlied, however, the father of the three Burgundian kings is still alive and is called Gibich (Gibeche), a name only used in the late version k of the Nibelungenlied. On the other hand, one version of the rose garden contains a whole stanza of the Nibelungenlied. Despite the contradictions, it can be assumed that the rose garden relates directly to the Nibelungenlied. The strongly negative attitude towards the Kriemhild figure seems particularly influenced by her later role in the Nibelungenlied as Siegfried's avenger.
literature
- Elisabeth Lienert, Sonja Kerth, Svenja Nierentz (eds.): Rosengarten. Texts and studies on Middle High German heroic epics. Volume 1: Introduction, Rose Garden A. Volume 2: Rose Garden DP. Volume 3: Rosengarten C, Rosengarten F, Low German Rosengarten, directories. 610 pages, Berlin 2015, De Gruyter, ISBN 978-3-11-036786-7
- Heinzle, Joachim: Introduction to Middle High German Dietrichepik . Berlin: de Gruyter 1999. ISBN 3-11-015094-8
- Georg Holz (Hrsg.): The poems from the rose garden to Worms Halle 1893. Reprint: Olms, Hildesheim & New York 1982, ISBN 3-487-07021-9
- Meinolf Schumacher : The monk as a hero or: From Ilsân's struggles and kisses in the "Rosengarten" poems , in: Yearbook of the Oswald von Wolkenstein Society 14 (2003/04), pp. 91-104 PDF
- Hermann August Junghans: The rose garden . Reclam, Leipzig 1876 ( digitized version )
- Hansjürgen Linke: Berlin fragments of a rose garden game. In: Burghart Wachinger et al. (Hrsg.): The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon . 2nd, completely revised edition, volume 1: 'A solis ortus cardine' - Colmar Dominican chronicler. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1978, ISBN 3-11-007264-5 , Sp. 725 f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cod. Pal. germ. 359 Rose garden at Worms & Lucidarius Strasbourg - Alsatian workshop from 1418.
- ^ Bernd Neumann , Hannes Obermair : Tyrolean games . In: Wilhelm Kühlmann et al. (Ed.): Killy Literaturlexikon , Vol. 11, Berlin-New York: Walter De Gruyter 2011, pp. 546-548.