Magnificent raspberry
| Magnificent raspberry | ||||||||||||
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Ripe splendid raspberry |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Rubus spectabilis | ||||||||||||
| Pursh |
The splendid raspberry ( Rubus spectabilis ) or salmonberry is a species of the Rubus genus . It is distributed on the North American west coast between southern Alaska and northern California and is called salmonberry in English .
description
Appearance and leaf
The splendid raspberry grows as a medium-sized to large, deciduous, deciduous shrub and reaches heights of 1 to 4 meters. Thickets are often formed from rhizomes . The upright to arching stem axes are unreinforced to (especially in the lower area) very prickly. The bark is yellowish-brown.
The alternately arranged leaves are 7 to 22 cm long and are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 1 to 9 cm long. The pinnate leaf blade consists of three leaflets. The three leaflets are egg-shaped with a length of 3 to 15 cm, the middle one being larger than the two lateral ones. The edges of the leaflets are serrated . The stipules are linear with a length of 5 to 10 mm.
Flower and fruit
The flowering period lasts from early spring to early summer. The hermaphrodite flower has a diameter of 2 to 3 cm and is radially symmetrical with a double flower envelope . The five flower petals are purple.
The fruit ripens from late summer to early autumn and resembles a large, yellow to orange-colored raspberry . The 1.5 to 2 cm large stone fruit consists of many small stone fruits .
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.
Occurrence
The original distribution area of the magnificent raspberry is on the North American west coast between southern Alaska and northern California .
It was overgrown in some parts of northwestern Europe starting from garden plants and comes today u. a. in Great Britain , Ireland and the Faroe Islands .
The splendid raspberry thrives best in damp conditions and is therefore common on river banks in the coastal forests of the Pacific Northwest . It usually grows en masse, often in association with red alder ( Alnus rubra ). In the Kodiak Island Borough in Alaska, the island of Raspberry Island was named after her, in the state of Oregon the Salmonberry River .
Cultivation and use
The splendid raspberry has the same fruit structure as the raspberry: The fruit is only loosely attached to the flower base and can easily be pulled off from it. The taste is often described as watery, but depending on the location and degree of ripeness, the fruits can be consumed raw or made into jam , jelly or fruit wine .
The magnificent raspberry was an important source of food for the Indians of the Pacific Northwest (including the coastal Salish ). It is one of the many components of the pemmican . The English common name salmonberry (directly translated "Salmon berry") is to come from the habit of Indians who Rubus spectabilis together with semi-dried salmon - roe to consume.
In addition to being used as food, the beautiful raspberry is also a popular ornamental plant due to its attractive flowers and fruits .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Plants of British Columbia : Rubus spectabilis
- ↑ a b c d Jepson Flora : Rubus spectabilis
- ^ Rubus spectabilis at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b Flora of NW Europe: Rubus spectabilis ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b A. Højgaard et al. (eds.): A century of tree-planting in the Faroe Islands . Føroya Fróðskaparfelag, Tórshavn, 1989.
- ↑ J. Pojar & A. MacKinnon (Editor): Plants of the Pacific Northwest coast . Vancouver, BC: Lone Pine, 1994.
- ↑ M. Busch-Stockfisch: Lebensmittel-Lexikon: Prachthimbeere , 4th edition, 2005. ISBN 3-89947-165-2
