Rudi Goguel

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Rudolf "Rudi" Goguel (born April 21, 1908 in Strasbourg ( Alsace ), † October 6, 1976 in East Berlin ) was a German resistance fighter during the Nazi regime . Arrested and interned as a member of the KPD , he composed the well-known Moorsoldatenlied in the infirmary during his imprisonment in Emsland Camp Börgermoor .

Life

Rudolf Goguel came from a middle-class Alsatian family. After graduating from high school in 1926, he did an apprenticeship as a commercial clerk and worked in the advertising department of a machine factory in Düsseldorf. In 1930 he joined the KPD and the Revolutionary Trade Union Opposition (RGO) and was dismissed in 1932 because of his political commitment as a KPD functionary. After the seizure of power by the Nazis, he was arrested and the concentration camp Börgermoor in Emsland deported; there he composed the melody of the Moorsoldatenlied . After his release in 1934 he went underground and worked illegally for the KPD. This led to the first major conflicts with the party. On September 27, 1934, he was arrested and tortured a second time, and then attempted suicide. In a court case he was sentenced to ten years in prison for preparation for high treason. He served his sentence from 1934 to 1944 in the Remscheid-Lüttringhausen , Wolfenbüttel , Celle and Hameln prisons . After his release from custody on September 27, 1944, he was immediately taken into “ protective custody ” and deported via the Sachsenhausen concentration camp to the Neuengamme concentration camp . This concentration camp was cleared at the beginning of May 1945 before the approaching British soldiers of the Allied invasion forces. The concentration camp prisoners were brought on ships in the Bay of Lübeck . Goguel is one of the few survivors of the bombing of the prisoner fleet by British planes on May 3, 1945. In total, many thousands of concentration camp prisoners were crammed onto the Cap Arcona and other ships, most of whom died in the bombing.

After the end of the Second World War , Goguel went to southern Germany and in 1946 worked as an editor and politician for the Communist Party of South Baden. Goguel was appointed by the French occupying power as one of the representatives of four parties for the editorial and publishing company of the Südkurier , together with Hermann Fiebing , Hermann Dörflinger , Karl Julius Großhans and Friedrich Munding .

It was then that he wrote his autobiography It was a long road . In 1949 he ran for the KPD in the Bundestag election. After massive internal clashes, Goguel abstained from any involvement in his party. In 1952 he went to East Berlin and got a job at the German Institute for Contemporary History (DIZ). From 1959 to 1968 he was department head at the Humboldt University in Berlin for the "History of Imperialist Research on the East ". In 1964 he was one of the founders of the Neuengamme camp community in the committee of the anti-fascist resistance fighters of the GDR . His book about his experiences on board the Cap Arcona was published in 1972. A year later his contribution was published in the anthology Juden unterm Hakenkreuz . In 1973 he received the Patriotic Order of Merit in silver.

Goguel died of a stroke on October 6, 1976 at the age of 68 . His urn was in the grave conditioning Pergolenweg the memorial of the socialists at the Berlin Central Cemetery Friedrichsfelde buried.

Works

  • It was a long way. Komet, Düsseldorf 1947.
    • It was a long way. Volksverlag, Singen 1948.
    • It was a long way. Ed. Memorial and Memorial, Düsseldorf 2007 ISBN 9783980767477 .
  • About the participation of German scientists in the occupation regime in Poland during World War II . Berlin, 1964.
  • Rudi Goguel and Heinz Pohl: Oder-Neisse - A Documentation . In: German Institute for Contemporary History, Berlin (ed.): Series of sources and studies . Kongress-Verlag, Berlin 1956 (200 pages).
    • in Russ. Oder-Nejsse granica mira . Izd. inostrannoj literatury, Moscow 1960.
  • How the Oder-Neisse border came about . Speaker material, Section All-German and International Issues, Issue 11, 1956.
  • Poland, Germany and the Oder-Neisse border . Rütten & Loening, Berlin 1959.
  • Nauka w służbie “ Urge to the East ” . Secretariat Stanu do Spraw Szkolnictwa Wyższego i Zawodowego, Berlin 1960 (Polish).
  • Studies on the history of the socialist countries of Europe . Hg. Humboldt University of Berlin 1968.
  • Cap Arcona . Röderberg, Frankfurt 1972; 1982. 2
    • Cape Arkona . Izdatel'stvo Progress, Moscow 1975.
  • Anti-fascist resistance struggle . Edited by the Central Committee of the Anti-Fascist Resistance Fighters of the GDR, Berlin 1974.
  • Anti-fascist resistance and class struggle . Military publishing house of the GDR, Berlin 1976.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Historical songs from eight centuries , jointly published by the state centers for political education Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein, editors: Wolfgang Hubrich, Helga Kutz-Brauer, Rüdiger Wenzel; Hamburg 1989; Page 108.
  2. ↑ Dieter Löffler: Cosmopolitan and connected to home: On the death of the former editor-in-chief Oexle. He was at the helm of SÜDKURIER for two decades - now the former editor-in-chief Franz Oexle has died. In: Südkurier. March 31, 2018, accessed April 3, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Berliner Zeitung , May 22, 1973, p. 5.
  4. ↑ State Secretariat for the Hoch- u. Technical education.
personal data
SURNAME Goguel, Rudi
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Goguel, Rudolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German resistance fighter
DATE OF BIRTH April 21, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Strasbourg
DATE OF DEATH October 6, 1976
Place of death East Berlin