Rudolph Sohm

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Rudolph Sohm

Gotthold Julius Rudolph Sohm (born October 29, 1841 in Rostock , † May 16, 1917 in Leipzig ) was a German legal historian and canon lawyer .

Life

Rudolph Sohm was a son of the lawyer, archivist and librarian of the Mecklenburg knights and landscape Carl Friedrich Erdmann Sohm († 1879). His brother Albert Sohm (1839-1914) made it to the regional court director in Rostock, his brother Theodor Sohm (1843-1924) to the higher regional court president there .

Sohm attended the large city school Rostock and studied law at the universities of Rostock , Berlin and Heidelberg from 1860 to 1864 . He received his doctorate in Rostock in 1864, and dedicated the dissertation to his teacher Georg Wilhelm Wetzell . In 1866 he received his habilitation for German law and commercial law at the University of Göttingen , and in 1870 the University of Göttingen appointed him associate professor. From 1870 he was a full professor of canon law and German law in Freiburg im Breisgau , where he settled at Luisenstrasse 5. In 1872 he was appointed full professor of canon law and German law at the University of Strasbourg , and in 1882 he was its rector.

In 1887 Sohm came to the University of Leipzig as a full professor of church law and German law . He was involved in drawing up the Civil Code and gave the introductory speech to the Reichstag in 1896 . With Friedrich Naumann and Caspar René Gregory , he founded the National Social Association in 1896 , which represented a social Christianity. In 1917 he retired.

One of his students was Walter Simons .

Rudolph Sohm had been with Clara, born on April 18, 1873 . Seidel (1848–1879) married, a daughter of Pastor Heinrich Alexander Seidel (1811–1861) in Perlin and sister of the engineer and writer Heinrich Seidel . The sons Rudolf (* 1883) and Walter (* 1886) came from a later marriage of Sohm, who later also enrolled in the register of Rostock University to become lawyers and historians.

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He was a strict Lutheran confessionalist . In his dissertation he started from Roman law , then worked as a leader in German legal history and also devoted himself to canon law . At the same time, however, he continued his Romance studies up to his main work, Institutions of Roman Law . Sohm's theses on the fundamentals of canon law led to lasting controversies in Protestant canon law ( Sohm-Harnack controversy ).

Today Sohms are concepts of a double church and the only secular understanding of law - "The essence of the church is spiritual, the essence of law is secular. The essence of canon law is in contradiction to the essence of the church." - largely outdated, but his considerations are still being taken into account in current research.

Honors

Sohm was an honorary doctor of various faculties, including theological ones. In 1916 he received the order Pour le Mérite . In 1875 he was accepted as a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Since 1892 he was a full member of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences .

Fonts

  • The doctrine of the subpignus. Stiller, Rostock 1864 (dissertation, University of Rostock, 1864; digitized ).
  • About the origin of the Lex Ribuaria . Böhlau, Weimar 1866 (habilitation thesis, University of Göttingen, 1866; digitized version ).
  • The process of the Lex Salica . Böhlau, Weimar 1867 ( digitized version )
  • The law of marriage has historically developed from German and canon law. An answer to the question of the relationship between church and civil marriage. Böhlau, Weimar 1875 ( digitized version )
  • Institutions of Roman law. Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1884 ( digitized ).
  • Church history in plan. Böhme, Leipzig 1888 ( digitized 2nd edition 1888).
  • Canon Law. 2 volumes. Duncker & Humblot, Munich 1892/1923.
  • Nature and origin of Catholicism (= treatises of the philological-historical class of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences. Vol. 27, No. 10). Teubner, Leipzig 1909.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See the entries in the matriculations of Rudolph Sohm in the Rostock matriculation portal .
  2. ↑ Freiburg address calendar for the year 1871. P. 98.
  3. ^ Page at the Order Pour le Méte
  4. ^ Rudolf Sohm obituary in the 1918 yearbook of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (PDF file).
  5. ^ Members of the SAW: Rudolph Sohm. Saxon Academy of Sciences, accessed December 3, 2016 .
personal data
SURNAME Sohm, Rudolph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sohm, Rudolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German legal historian and canon lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH October 29, 1841
PLACE OF BIRTH Rostock
DATE OF DEATH May 16, 1917
Place of death Leipzig