Saxon State Parliament (building)

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Saxon State Parliament, entrance
Saxon State Parliament, plenary hall

The Saxon State Parliament is a building on Bernhard-von-Lindenau -Platz in Dresden , which serves as the seat of the state parliament of the Free State of Saxony . It consists of an old building (1928–1931), which was renovated as an office building, and a new building by Peter Kulka (1991–1994) with the plenary hall. The hallmarks of the new building are, on the one hand, transparent glass facades and, on the other hand, an exposed steel frame construction. Its overall architecture, consisting of new and old buildings, has won several awards. The new building also contains a citizens' foyer in which exhibitions are regularly held.

location

The building of the Saxon State Parliament is located on the left bank of the Elbe in the Wilsdruffer suburb in Dresden. It is bounded in the east by the Elbe , in the north by Erlweinspeicher and the Neue Terrasse , in the west by Devrientstrasse and in the south by Bernhard-von-Lindenau-Platz.

history

As a provisional meeting place of the dissolution of the country, which served from 1946 until July 23, 1952 Saxon State Parliament the 1910-1911 built on the Königsbrücker Straße and until 1945 it used Soldatenheim (today Goethe-Institut ) on the Königsbrücker Straße .

The Saxon Landtag , newly elected on October 14, 1990, was constituted on October 27, 1990 after the collapse of the GDR and the formation of the new federal states. From this point on until September 17, 1993 it had its conference venue in the Dreikönigskirche in Dresden Neustadt. Since the church premises could not be a permanent solution they were looking for a suitable solution: First, there was no doubt that Parliament back into the on the Brühl's Terrace located Staendehaus would move. The Ständehaus, built by the Reichstag architect Paul Wallot , had been available to parliament since 1907. Not only its apparently good condition after its reconstruction after 1945, but above all the traditional reference promoted the considerations to use it again as a parliament building.

More in-depth considerations, however, led to the realization that the museums that had been housed in the Ständehaus for a long time with their important collections represented an incalculable temporal uncertainty factor for reuse by Parliament. Above all, however, the comparison between the usage requirements of a modern parliament and the given structural requirements of 1907 spoke in favor of a different solution. So it was decided to build a new building.

On March 20, 1991 , the first design competition for architecture in Saxony was launched. On May 28 of the same year, the jury chaired by Winfried Sziegoleit (members of the jury included Erich Iltgen, President of the State Parliament and Ingolf Roßberg, Dresden's Departmental Head ), named the Dresden architect Peter Kulka as the winner, who then started planning. The first demolition work began on October 1st, and the groundbreaking ceremony followed on December 11, 1991 . The foundation stone was laid on May 19, 1992 , and the topping-out ceremony for the new buildings was celebrated in November . In this context, the Wolfsche Speicher in front of the Erlweinspeicher , which was built in the 1920s, was demolished without replacement and a green area was created in its place.

On the occasion of the 3rd anniversary of German unity on October 3, 1993, a festive session was held in the new plenary hall. Its first official meeting took place a few days later on October 14, 1993. However, the official handover did not take place until February 12, 1994.

On February 1, 1995, Kulka's office received the order to plan the reconstruction, conversion and extension work of the former building of the state tax office in Dresden's Devrientstrasse. This was built between 1928 and 1931 and was the seat of the city and district leadership of the SED from 1946 to 1990 . On September 15, 1997, the building was also officially handed over to the state parliament, and it has been fully usable since then.

Ultimately, the Holländische Strasse in front of the state parliament was rebuilt from September to December 1999 and redesigned as a square. On December 6, 1999, it was given the new name Bernhard-von-Lindenau-Platz .

When the Elbe floods in 2002 , the building was badly affected. When the damage was repaired, additional elements of preventive flood protection were implemented, for example the relocation of the sensitive technical centers to the upper floor.

Building description

The Saxon map in the plenary hall of the Saxon State Parliament
The citizens' foyer of the Saxon State Parliament at an exhibition

The old building was built for the state tax office and the customs administration in the New Objectivity style by Barthold and Tiede from 1928 to 1931. The plastered facades are "very sober ... with simple rows of windows over the entire length of the cubic building". been designed. The windows of the old building have early guise of granite , the roofs are flat inclined. At the corner of Bernhard-von-Lindenau-Platz and Devrientstraße there is a tower with a main entrance. While the Elbe wing and the customs warehouse on Kleine Packhofstrasse were destroyed during the war, the other two wings on Devrientstrasse and Bernhard-von-Lindenau-Platz were preserved.

In the context of the competition, Peter Kulka decided on a contrasting building complex consisting of the old building fabric and a new building. The old state tax office is to accommodate the offices, the new building the new main entrance with the plenary hall. He chose the new building lower than the tower-topped old building and thus on the one hand subordinates itself to it, as it also forms a separate front opposite the bank area. This staggering in the building height also forms the continuation of the development of the terrace bank , which has low buildings on the river and higher buildings behind. He thus won first prize in the competition.

From 1991 to 1994 Kulka built the Elbe wing and the wing along Kleine Packhofstrasse as a steel frame building with a transparent glass facade in the classic modern style . At the joint of the two wings in the north corner is the conference room with a curved glass facade. This hall rests under a square steel roof supported by four massive cross supports. "Details of the cross supports and the construction of the overhanging coffered roof" were built based on the model of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's New National Gallery . A main entrance with a protruding, thin roof leads to the plenary hall. Inside, the plenary hall has the shape of a circle, with the visitors' gallery located on the first floor of the plenary hall taking up this shape again. The wall of the plenary chamber consists of curved wooden cladding that begins on the ground floor and continues on the upper floor behind the visitors' gallery. This wall separates the plenary hall from the parliamentary foyer. The Chiaveri restaurant is located on the top floor above the main portal and uses part of the roof of the state parliament as an open terrace .

The old building, on the other hand, was essentially left in its existing exterior and also shows the architecture of the years it was built inside with the spacious staircase. The actual offices, however, have been tailored to modern requirements in terms of use.

Awards

literature

  • Ingeborg flag : Dresden, city guide of contemporary architecture . The example, Darmstadt 2004, ISBN 3-935243-48-0 , p. 9 (Saxon State Parliament) .
  • Gilbert Lupfer, Bernhard Sterra and Martin Wörner (eds.): Architecture guide Dresden . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-496-01179-3 .
  • Holger Gantz: 100 buildings in Dresden: A guide to buildings of historical and architectural importance . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 1997, ISBN 3-7954-1111-4 .
  • Walter May , Werner Pampel and Hans Konrad : Architectural Guide GDR, Dresden District . VEB Verlag für Bauwesen, Berlin 1979.

Web links

Commons : Saxon State Parliament  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Architectural competition ( Memento from July 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Landtag project. Saxon State Parliament, accessed on July 3, 2017 .
  3. ↑ a b Gantz, p. 16f., No. 14 (Saxon State Parliament, Devrientstrasse 4, Holländische Strasse 2)
  4. ↑ May et al., P. 29, image no. 23 (District and city management of the SED, Devrientstr. 4, 1928/31, Arch. Thiede.)
  5. ↑ a b Lupfer et al., No. 35 (Saxon State Parliament)
  6. ^ ICCD - Internationales Congress Center Dresden: Architecture corresponding to the river landscape. In: das-neue-Dresden.de. Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  7. ↑ a b c d 1991 - 1997 Saxon State Parliament Dresden. Peter Kulka Architektur, accessed February 9, 2015 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 3 '24.2 "  N , 13 ° 43' 59.1"  E