Terrace bank
| Terrace bank | |
|---|---|
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| Terrace bank below the Brühl Terrace (left) | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Dresden |
| District | Inner old town |
| Created | 1852 / 1874–1879 / 1910 |
| Hist. Names | Appareille, An der Elbe, Ludendorffufer |
| Connecting roads | Käthe-Kollwitz-Ufer, Devrientstrasse |
| Cross streets | Schulgutstrasse, Rietschelstrasse, Steinstrasse, Hasenberg, Münzgasse , Brühlsche Gasse, ramp to Schloßplatz, access to Theaterplatz |
| Places |
Sachsenplatz , Bernhard-von-Lindenau-Platz |
| Buildings |
Carolabrücke , Brühlsche Terrasse with Jungfernbastei , shipping building , Augustusbrücke , Italian village , Basteischlösschen , Semperoper |
| use | |
| User groups |
Motor traffic , pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic |
The Terrassenufer is an inner-city street in the city center of Dresden directly on the left bank of the Elbe and part of an important inner-city east-west axis. It runs along the northern edge of the Innere Altstadt and Pirnaische Vorstadt districts and follows the Elbe bend there. It is named after the Brühlsche Terrasse , which is on its south side. The berth of the Saxon steamship is located on the banks of the terrace . Parts of the terrace bank fortifications are protected as a cultural monument.
The Terrassenufer was built in 1852 as a towpath , which was expanded into a traffic road from 1874 to 1879. This in turn was extended in 1910 under the Augustus Bridge to Theaterplatz and, after the Second World War , further north-west to the current state parliament building .
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Urban space
The actual urban space Terrassenufer, which forms the northern end of the inner old town, is located in the narrow strip between the river and Brühl's Terrace. But east of the Carolabrücke , which spans the Terrassenufer as well as the Augustusbrücke , the street to Sachsenplatz still bears this name. This part belongs to the Pirnaische Vorstadt and is wider. There is an extensive strip of green between the road and the quay wall, which forms the transition to the Elbe meadows that adjoin to the northeast . Both sections have in common the bank reinforcement by a quay , which characterizes the entire Old Town Elbe bank within the 26er Ring . From Sachsenplatz to Carolabrücke and in particular from the entrance to Theaterplatz to Augustusbrücke, the street has a noticeable gradient. The lowest section of the terrace bank is between the Augustus and Carolabrücke bridges.
Next to the asphalt road, pavement slabs and paving made of Lusatian granite are built up to the quay wall, there are no trees. Instead, the terrace bank in the section east of Steinstrasse has the character of an avenue. The street space is also more spacious at the level of the Semperoper - with a narrow median and green strips on both sides. The banks of the terrace offer a view of the Neustadt bank of the Elbe on the opposite side. To the north-west, at the level of the Saxon State Parliament , the Neue Terrasse adjoins - at Bernhard-von-Lindenau-Platz there, the road bends by 90 degrees. Just below the Carolabrücke, the Kaitzbach flows into the Elbe on the terrace bank . However, the mouth is not visible, the stream is piped on its lowest section from the Bürgerwiese / Georgplatz area .
traffic
The terrace bank is part of a traffic axis that is heavily used by motorized individual traffic. It stretches in an east-west direction from Schillerplatz over the Käthe-Kollwitz-Ufer and the Terrassenufer on the Ostra-Ufer to Magdeburger and Bremer Straße. The Terrassenufer thus connects the Sachsenplatz area and thus the Johannstadt via the Pirnaische Vorstadt and the inner old town with the Bernhard-von-Lindenau-Platz and thus the Wilsdruffer Vorstadt . The western section of the terrace bank is part of the promenade ring around the inner old town.
The Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe do not offer any local public transport on the Terrassenufer . On the Augustus and Carolabrücke two lines of the Dresden tram run over the Terrassenufer; the next stops are at Rathenauplatz and Theaterplatz. Along the road, which apart from short left-turn lanes has one lane in each direction, there are sidewalks and sections of cycle lanes or protective lanes.
At Sachsenplatz there is a connection to the Käthe-Kollwitz-Ufer, but also to the Albertbrücke and via Sachsenallee to Güntzstraße and Gerokstraße. In the Pirnaische Vorstadt the Schulgutstraße (only as a footpath), the Rietschelstraße (with a staircase towards the Elbe on the opposite side of the street) and the Steinstraße flow from the south - the latter as a connection to Pillnitzer Straße and Rathenauplatz . In the inner old town, the street Hasenberg branches off (in the direction of Tzschirnerplatz ) as well as the Münzgasse and Brühlsche Gasse, which run under the Brühlsche Terrasse . A nameless ramp leads up to the Schloßplatz and the Augustusbrücke, there is also an outside staircase and an entrance to the Theaterplatz .
The Terrassenufer is part of the Saxon Wine Route , one of the most important Saxon holiday routes. Between Steinstrasse and Augustusbrücke, the Elbe Cycle Path runs right on the edge of the road on the terrace bank. At the level of the Carolabrücke there is a bus parking lot on the Terrassenufer (entrance via Hasenberg, exit to Steinstraße) as well as a car parking lot on the Elbe side. A fee is due for using the parking spaces, including on the street itself. About 15 upstream floating jetties in the Elbe form the central landing stage for the Saxon Steamship , which is the oldest and largest paddle steamer fleet in the world and serves as a tourist means of transport. After the St. Pauli Landungsbrücken in Hamburg, it is the largest landing stage for liner shipping on the Elbe. All nine of the company's paddle steamers are among the technical monuments in Dresden . There is also a stop for the Dresden city tour on the banks of the terrace.
The high traffic volumes on the Terrassenufer cause a strong dividing effect between the old town and the Elbe. In order to overcome them, speed reductions, crossing aids and measures for a conflict-free cycle traffic management were implemented. The Dresden 2025plus traffic development plan from 2011 states that “a fundamental solution to this conflict is currently not in sight”. There is also an interaction with Wilsdruffer Straße , which cuts through the inner old town a few 100 meters further south parallel to the Terrassenufer.
history
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Until the late Middle Ages, the area of today's terrace bank was completely unpaved. The members of the Dresden fishing community, which was outside the city wall, went about their work there. When the area around the Neumarkt was incorporated into Dresden at the beginning of the 16th century , the mighty Dresden fortifications made of Elbe sandstone , from which the Brühl Terrace emerged, moved up to the banks of the Elbe. At that time there was no need for a traffic route in the narrow area between the city wall and the Elbe, especially since it would have undermined the function of the Elbe as a moat protecting the city .
To the east of the fortress, under August the Strong , construction of magnificent buildings along the Elbe, modeled on the bank development on the Grand Canal in Venice, began. The road there, which was built on one side, reached from at least the 17th century to the present day Rechtsstrasse and was called An der Elbe . In the hinterland of this path there was the area for the Dresden bird meadow until 1840 . The painter Caspar David Friedrich had his studio in An der Elbe 26; Among other things, he created his picture Woman at the Window there and was also portrayed there himself . In 1820 he and his family moved a few meters further into the house at An der Elbe 33, which the Norwegian painter Johan Christian Clausen Dahl also lived in, from where he created the painting Riverside in Fog .
There has been a path from Schloßplatz on the Elbe side of Brühl's Terrace since the 1820s. However, it was not continuous and initially only reached as far as the steamboat landing stage. To overcome the difference in height, the so-called Appareille was piled up. The French name means "ramp" and means the entrance to a rampart. At that time, the area below Brühl's Terrace was mainly used as a docking and storage area. Around 1820, the Dresden Gondola Harbor was built at the mouth of the eastern fortress ditch, which was filled in as part of the demolition at that time, directly above the Maiden Bastion .
The Bomätscher , as the towers were called in Saxony, used the Elbe bridge and the Brühl terrace to pull ships. After this had lost its defensive function, from the 1820s onwards they wanted a towpath to be built along the sea wall. The "Consessionirte Sächsische Schiffer-Verein", founded in 1846, the Dresden trade association of Elbe boaters, also vigorously represented this demand for the facilitation of shipping. As early as 1835, an expansion of the path from the Schlossplatz to the landing stages was planned. But it did not take place until 1852, after the hydraulic engineering department had also stepped in to build the towpath. A path was laid in front of the maiden bastion, the foundation walls of which had previously delimited the Elbe. This was the first time that a continuous connection was created from Schloßplatz to almost today's Sachsenplatz.
In the course of this, the gondola harbor, of which only a few enclosing walls have been preserved, was filled in again and the area up to the bear kennel was redesigned into a park. The name (An der) Appareille was also transferred to the bank section up to the level of today's Carolabrücke and remained in use until 1877 when the name An der Elbe was extended to this area. Individual authorities also used the name Hochuferstraße before the entire street from Augustusbrücke to Sachsenplatz was given the name Terrassenufer in 1879 - named after the Brühlsche Terrasse, which has been officially known since 1853, on the back of which the Terrassengasse, named after the same pattern, runs. The background to the renaming was the expansion of the towpath to a traffic road between 1874 and 1879.
From the 19th century, there was a closed development on the terrace bank. In addition to the inn "Zum Schwarzen Bär" (house number 9), which was probably built before the Seven Years' War and is considered to be the "perhaps most artistically surviving suburban house" in Dresden, above all the Venetian house (house number 3 ) and the also Gothicized house on Terrassenufer 5 , built around 1880 . In the 1870s, the Landgraben , which until then flowed on the Terrassenufer near Rietschelstrasse, was relocated to Blasewitz .
In the Wilhelminian building boom, the largest group building in Dresden at that time, the Sonntagsche apartment block , was built on the shores of the Terrassenufer between Richtstrasse and Rietschelstrasse . The four-block complex was built in 1873/74 according to plans by Hugo Strunz and named after its owner Hermann Sonntag. The 70-meter-long facade on the banks of the terrace showed a symmetrically arranged, four-storey system of 24 axes with sandstone structures. The neo-renaissance building, stylistically far removed from the much simpler Semper Nicolai school , was rounded off at the street corners and had tower-like attachments.
On November 30, 1890, the "Deutsche Strassenbahn-Gesellschaft" (German tram company), which was only licensed in 1889, opened a tram route in Dresden, popularly known as "The Red" because of the color of its carriages, which led from the Albertbrücke over the Terrassenufer to the Hasenberg. On July 6, 1893, the extended route from Hasenberg to Schloßplatz was inaugurated . It continued from Sachsenplatz to Blasewitz and went down in history as the first electrically operated tram in Saxony.
First the Münz- and later the Brühlsche Gasse were extended with breakthroughs through the fortress of the Brühlsche Terrasse up to the terrace bank. Since its completion in 1895, the Carolabrücke has spanned the Terrassenufer about halfway. Since 1910, the ships of the Saxon Steamship Company have been berthed on the banks of the terrace. When the Augustus Bridge was also built in 1910, the terrace bank was passed under the first arch of the Old Town bridge. Before that, there had only been a narrow towpath there. For the redesign of the Elbe side of the Theaterplatz, which was planned at the time, Helbig's restaurant had already been demolished in 1904;
The new street used this open space and was led around the Italian village built in 1911 to the Theaterplatz. To do this, she described a 180-degree curve between the new building and the building complex of the former Calberlaschen sugar boiler, known since 1853 as the "Hotel Bellevue" . As a result, the tram route, which until then had ended on the ramp to Schloßplatz, was extended under the bridge to Theaterplatz and opened on December 12, 1911.
When, in the course of a first simplification of the tram network after the First World War, especially the routes in the city center were unbundled, the entire route between Theaterplatz and Sachsenplatz was omitted for operational reasons and was shut down on April 19, 1922. However, the tracks and overhead lines on the Terrassenufer were not torn down, but kept operational at least until the 1930s and were sometimes used as a diversion route for official lines, but also for city tram tours.
From 1923 to 1946/47, the pioneer memorial was located on the Terrassenufer at the level of the former gondola port in memory of the 4,000 Saxon pioneers who died in the First World War . The communist rulers had the pioneer monument removed after the Second World War. The lion figure and some stones were, however, rescued with difficulty and were in the city's lapidarium (former Zion church and catacombs under the Brühl terrace). After a year of rapid reconstruction, the pioneer memorial has stood at the Army Officers' School on Stauffenbergallee since 2012 .
From June 27, 1938 until the end of the Second World War, the street was called Ludendorffufer after the general and politician Erich Ludendorff (1865-1937). During the air raids on Dresden in February 1945, the Terrassenufer was also badly hit. The buildings in the eastern part were destroyed and then demolished. Since the reconstruction, Schulgutstrasse and Rechtsstrasse no longer lead to the Terrassenufer. The Elbberg street, once a direct connection from the Terrassenufer to today's Rathenauplatz, was built over at the end of the 1960s when the Carolabrücke was rebuilt with its bridge ramp leading towards Neustadt.
There were also changes at the western end of the terrace bank as a result of the clearance after the air raids. The Hotel Bellevue, formerly Calberlasche Zuckersiederei, had been destroyed and removed in 1950. The track of the Elbezweigbahn that ended there was also no longer useful and was shortened. As a result, the terrace bank was extended from the Italian village to today's Bernhard-von-Lindenau-Platz and has since turned sharply towards the Zwingerteich where the state district heating and electricity plant stood until the end of the 1970s . This new section of the Terrassenufer functionally replaced the Große Packhofstraße, which ran between the Hotel Bellevue and the Semperoper as a direct extension of Devrientstraße to Theaterplatz.
The Theaterkahn Dresden was opened on October 3, 1994 and has been located directly below the Augustus Bridge ever since. Since the end of the 1990s, the Terrassenufer has been a near-target section of the Oberelbe Marathon and Dresden Marathon running events . The Terrassenufer is regularly closed for this purpose, as well as for events such as the Dresden City Festival and the International Dixieland Festival . In 2005, one of the two high-rise buildings erected in the 1960s at the confluence with Steinstrasse was demolished. Due to the renovation of the Augustus Bridge, the ailing bridge arch over the Terrassenufer was torn down at the beginning of November 2017 and rebuilt by the first half of 2019.
Development
The Terrassenufer is the only real embankment on the left bank of the Elbe within the 26er Ring, as most of the Ostra-Ufer with the congress center is also built up towards the river. In the far west of the terrace bank, the Elbe-sided facade of the Semperoper dominates the street. The traditional Dresden opera house was built from 1871 to 1878 according to plans by Gottfried Semper on the Theaterplatz and added to the rear as part of the reconstruction, which was completed in 1985. Opposite the confluence of the driveway to Theaterplatz is the Basteischlösschen , built in 1912 and serving as a restaurant , one of the few buildings on the Elbe-facing side of the street on the terrace bank . By 1913, the Italian village , also a restaurant , was built according to the design of the Dresden city councilor Hans Erlwein . A public toilet is located on the adjacent flight of stairs directly on the terrace bank. To the east of it, the Augustus Bridge spans the street. The bridge man , a Dresden landmark, is located on the downstream side of the old town pillar, right next to the street . Semperoper, Basteischlösschen, Italian Village and Augustus Bridge are all listed.
The Brühl Terrace rises to the east of the Augustus Bridge. The former fortress with the building ensemble on its south side is an important Dresden cultural monument and tourist attraction. In the 19th century, the also listed shipping building on the ramp to Schloßplatz with the address Terrassenufer 1, which now serves as a restaurant, was built onto its outer wall in stages . There is also a service point for Sächsische Dampfschiffahrt on the Terrassenufer - a modern building with a glass facade, the cubature of which is based on a previous building at the same location from the turn of the 20th century. The company also owns the one-storey building Terrassenufer 2, which is also attached to Brühlsche Terrasse and contains storage space and offices. The eastern end of the Brühl Terrace is the Maiden Bastion with the Moritz Monument at its top and the Dresden Fortress Museum inside. The museum can only be reached from Georg-Treu-Platz on the other side of the Brühlsche Terrasse, as the four ground-level entrances on the terrace bank are permanently locked. The listed relics of the gondola harbor are located near the Hasenberg confluence, and the New Synagogue, which opened in 2001, is just a few meters away from the Terrassenufer . To the east of it, the Carolabrücke spans the street.
To the east of Steinstrasse is the Hotel Am Terrassenufer at number 12. The twelve-storey prefabricated building was built in 1963 and opened as a hotel on May 14, 1964. It is the first building in Dresden to have prefabricated walls with colored ceramic cladding, and the second central aisle building in the city. A largely identical high-rise in the immediate vicinity (house number 14) was demolished in 2005. The house number 15 is a school building of the type Dresden Atrium , which among other things served the Marie-Curie-Gymnasium Dresden and the Gymnasium Dreikönigschule Dresden as an alternative building or branch. The house is the central outsourcing location for school renovations in Dresden; The Dresden-Plauen grammar school has been temporarily housed there since the 2018 summer vacation . To the east, at an acute angle to the street, there are three apartment blocks belonging to the Johannstadt housing association. The buildings (house numbers 16–19, 20–23 and 24–27) were built in 1961/62, with Rietschel and Schulgutstraße running between them. The terrace bank reinforcement on the side of the street facing the Elbe between Sachsenplatz and the school building, on which the original railing from the pre-war period was preserved, is protected as a cultural monument. The "high bank fortification with retaining walls, vaults, railings and tree alley" is specifically under protection.
Flood risk
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Due to its very low location directly on the banks of the Elbe, the Terrassenufer is one of the most flood-prone streets in Dresden. If the Dresden level measured on the second old town pillar of the Augustus Bridge and digitally displayed on the theater boat exceeds 5.00 meters, alarm level two is called in the city, which is connected with a reporting and control service. Then the terrace bank between Theaterplatz and Steinstraße will also be closed as a precaution, as it will be flooded in places at a level of around 5.20 meters. In order to avoid traffic jams, signposts encourage you to bypass the road. The parking spaces on the banks of the terrace, the Elbe cycle path as well as driveways, entrances and stairs to the Elbe will also be blocked.
The last time the street was flooded was particularly high in August 2002 with more than 4 meters and in June 2013 with around 3.50 meters. Part of the flood protection in Dresden is also a flexible protective wall system made of steel planks that can be installed quickly in the event of a flood. This line of defense to protect the buildings on Theaterplatz crosses the terrace bank at the level of Basteischlösschen. Such a system is also used in front of the shipping building and in the Brühlsche Gasse and Münzgasse passageways under the Brühlsche Terrasse.
literature
- Stadtlexikon Dresden A-Z . Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1995, ISBN 3-364-00300-9 .
- Manfred Zumpe : The Brühlsche Terrasse in Dresden , Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-345-00207-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Answer to the big question of the AfD parliamentary group of 23 August 2016; Appendix to the Big Question Drs. 6/5471. (PDF; 9 MB) Retrieved August 22, 2017.
- ^ Sylke Schwarz et al .: Dresden Transport Development Plan 2025plus. Synoptic traffic analysis. July 2011. (PDF; 5 MB) Dresden / Aachen 2011, p. 40.
- ^ Adolf Hantzsch : Name book of the streets and squares of Dresden (= messages of the Society for the History of Dresden . No. 17, 18 ). Wilhelm Baensch, Dresden 1905, p. 143 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Oskar Merker: The towpath. Contributions to its history. In: Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz (Ed.): Messages from the Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz. Volume XX, Issue 5-8 / 1931, pp. 268/269.
- ^ Address and business manual of the royal capital and residence city of Dresden , 1868. Retrieved on August 22, 2017.
- ^ Fritz Löffler : The old Dresden - history of its buildings. EA Seemann, Leipzig 1981, ISBN 3-363-00007-3 , p. 386 f.
- ↑ Thomas Baumann-Hartwig: The terrace bank at the Augustus Bridge is lowered. In: dnn.de , July 11, 2017. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
- ↑ Terrassenufer is free again. In: sächsische.de . November 5, 2017, accessed December 10, 2018 .
- ↑ Old Town and New Town: Construction work on the Augustus Bridge. State capital Dresden, April 17, 2019, accessed on July 4, 2019 (press release).
- ↑ The high-rise building on the Terrassenufer will disappear by July. State capital Dresden, May 2, 2005, accessed December 10, 2018 .
- ↑ New school building made of modules on the terrace bank. State capital Dresden, April 10, 2018, accessed on December 10, 2018 (press release).
- ↑ Imprint. Gymnasium Dresden-Plauen, accessed on December 10, 2018 (address “currently Terrassenufer 15”).
- ↑ Cultural monuments in the Dresden themed city map. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 14 " N , 13 ° 44 ′ 59" E