Army officers' school

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Army Officer School
- OSH -

Army Officer School (Bundeswehr) .svg

Association badge
Lineup HOS I: April 3, 1956 (advance staff) / July 2, 1956 (start of apprenticeship)
OSH: July 5, 1974
Country Flag of Germany.svg Germany
Armed forces armed forces
Armed forces Bundeswehr Logo Heer with lettering.svg army
Type Army training facility
Insinuation Training Command (Bundeswehr) .svg Training command
Location Hanover (1974–1998)
Dresden (since 1998)
motto Serve in freedom
Web presence OSH website
School management
commander Brigadier General Martin Hein
Deputy Commander Colonel Jochen Schneider
Officer's School Dresden
entrance area
Hauptfeldwebel-Lagenstein-Kaserne , Hanover
Headquarters of the OSH until the end of the 1990s

The Army Officers' Academy ( OSH ) in Dresden is the central training center for the soldiers of the Bundeswehr of the army and the armed forces base , the cadets or officers are. The school is subordinate to the training command .

It primarily trains officer candidates , officers and staff officers of the troop service, officer candidates and officers of the military technical service as well as reserve officer candidates and reserve officers in career, employment and special courses and is responsible for the education of all officer candidates of the army on the basis of the guidelines for internal leadership . It contributes to the further development of the principles of tactics in the German army.

history

After the founding of the Bundeswehr, the training of army officer candidates was started at three "Army Officer Schools" (HOS): 1956 in Hanover ( Army Officer School I ) and in Husum ( Army Officer School II ; was moved to Hamburg-Wandsbek in 1958), in 1958 in Munich ( Army Officer School III ). The army officer schools were divided into a command staff (since 1967 school staff) and two to three teaching groups. They also had a training battalion for training .

The basis for the merger of the three army officer schools was the establishment of the universities of the Bundeswehr in Hamburg and Munich in 1973. In July 1974 officer training in the former Army Officer School I was now called "Army Officer School" (OSH) in the Emmich-Cambrai barracks in Hanover centralized. By then, the three schools had trained around 50,000 officer candidates in the various courses, which were changed several times in terms of duration and training content.

In 1993 it was decided at the political level to relocate the Army Officers' School to Dresden. In a three-year construction period, at the instigation of the then Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher , the new central training center for army officers was built on the site of the historic Albertstadt . On 14 September 1998 the handed Defense Minister , Volker Ruhe , under a solemn appeal the new, by the planning office Prof.  Friedrich designed, classroom building in Dresden's city Albert Barracks their determination. On September 16, 2013, the property was renamed Graf-Stauffenberg-Kaserne .

Commanders

Army Officer School (Hanover 1974–1998; Dresden since 1998)

Brigadier General Rolf-Helmut Schröder (1974)
Brigadier General Wilhelm Wörmann (1974–1978)
Brigadier General Karl-Eberhard Grumer (1978–1982)
Brigadier General Gerd Röhrs (1982–1985)
Brigadier General Hannsjörn Boës (1985–1988)
Brigadier General Ernst Lissinna (1988–1991)
Brigadier General Günther Freiherr von Steinaecker (1991–1993)
Brigadier General Friedrich Freiherr von Senden (1993–1995)
Major General Bernd Albert (1995–1999)
Brigadier General Fritz von Korff (1999-2004)
Brigadier General Markus Bentler (2004–2006)
Brigadier General Norbert Stier (2006-2008)
Brigadier General Franz Xaver Pfrengle (2008–2011)
Brigadier General Jürgen Weigt (2011-2013)
Brigadier General Christian Westphal (2013-2015)
Brigadier General Harald Gante (2015-2018)
Brigadier General Martin Hein (since 2018)

Organization and structure

The main organizational units of the officers' school are the two teaching groups in which the teaching is carried out. You will be supported by other organizational units (staff, specialist media center, etc.) in performing your teaching assignment. The Army Tactics Center (TZH) is attached to the officers' school.

Each teaching group is made up of five so-called inspections, which in turn conduct various courses in five lecture halls in teaching group A and six lecture halls in teaching group B of around 20 people.

The lecture halls are run by staff officers (rank: major or lieutenant colonel ), who are the central point of contact for the course participants as well as teaching officers for tactics and logistics . The lecture hall directors are supported in their teaching by numerous specialist teachers (e.g. for history , law , sports, etc.).

The inspections are led by a lieutenant colonel (usually a battalion commander), who is also responsible for the political education of the course participants. The inspection chief is supported by the lecture hall officer and inspection sergeant in leading the inspection.

The lecture hall officer (rank: lieutenant / first lieutenant / captain ) has a prominent role, especially in specialty courses for officer candidates for service. He supports the inspection staff in all matters and is therefore the good soul of the inspection. The lecture hall officer is much closer to the course participants (average age 20 years) in both his professional and life experience than the rest of the teaching staff. As a young officer, comrade and person, he is both an example and a point of contact for them. He thus closes the gap in the horizon of events and experience that gapes due to the high rank structure between the officer candidates (rank: Corporal / Hauptgefreiter to Oberfähnrich ) and the other teaching staff.

Courses and training

Officer's letter from the Army Officer School from an OL1 graduate

Career, employment and advanced training courses take place regularly at the Army Officers School.

The career courses include the officer course part 1 (OL1) for officer candidates for military service ( army and armed forces base ) as well as the officer course for officer candidates for military service. The aim of the course is to provide the officer candidate with the leadership knowledge for the general qualification to become an officer in the army. To this end, course participants are trained in the subjects of tactics, political education, military law and military history. Both career courses end with the officer examination, which is part of the prerequisite for promotion to lieutenant . If the officer examination is passed, the (purely symbolic) officer letter is presented to the Army Officer School. The best of the course will also be awarded the Scharnhorst Prize. There is also a career course on leadership in operations for reserve officer candidates, in the course of which the reserve officer candidate is to grapple with the fundamentals of leadership in operations and to be able to act on his subordinates as an officer in an operation appropriate to their rank.

The application courses cover a wide range of addressees. The officer course part 2 (OL2) aims to enable the young officers (for course participants after graduation) and officer candidates (for course participants without studies) in the troop service to perform management tasks in the entire range of tasks of land forces and in a multinational environment. Further officers to be used in military tactical and logistic schools as teacher, formed in the corresponding course. The same applies to civil law teachers and language service staff. In addition, the military selection course (MAL) takes place, which, as a pure examination course, is to select qualified NCOs for the career of officers in the troop service.

The aim of the advanced training courses is to raise and expand the level of knowledge of the career officers in professional and especially army-specific areas and to strengthen the professional self-image and the leadership personality. For this purpose, the advanced training course for officers of the military technical service, the advanced training course for medical officers and the leadership course 1A (among other things, a prerequisite for participation in the staff officer course).

Coat of arms and association badges

The coat of arms (internal association badge) of the OSH

The coat of arms (internal association badge) of the Army Officer School was created in 1974 when the three Army Officer Schools were merged to form the Army Officer School. It should take up essential elements of the previous coat of arms and unite them. The Iron Cross from the coat of arms of HOS I was combined with the knight's helmet of HOS III on the red coat of arms of HOS II to form the coat of arms of the Army Officer School and added the color gold. Under the leadership of Commander OSH, Brigadier General Freiherr von Senden, the motto "SERVING IN FREEDOM" was added to the coat of arms. This is borrowed from the novel Count Petöfy by Theodor Fontane , in which Father Feßler says: "There is a highest form of life, and this highest form of life means: to serve in freedom."

The elements used also symbolize the virtues that distinguish the German officer.

The Iron Cross has been a symbol of German soldierhood since 1813 across all wars and political changes. It reminds us of the groundbreaking considerations on the relationship between the state, citizens and the army, which essentially go back to General von Scharnhorst at the beginning of the 19th century .

The red background symbolizes the bond between the soldier's profession and conscience and the fulfillment of one's duties up to and including the sacrifice of one's own life. In the 20th century, the reminder of duty was particularly embodied by Colonel General Ludwig Beck , Major General Henning von Tresckow and Colonel Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg . This is to make it clear that at the army officers' school it is not the arms trade that is in the foreground, but that intellectual and moral forces require military leadership. The doctrine of the inner leadership is synonymous with the military leadership doctrine of the combat of combined arms .

The helmet of the knight's armor refers to the Ettal Knight Academy and the historical leading figure of Prince Eugene .

The weapon colors black, red and gold symbolize the fulfillment of the mission of the Army Officers' School in the duty of service to the state in order to safeguard the rights and freedom of the German people.

The association badge (worn on the left sleeve of the service suit) shows, like all badges of the military schools, two crossed swords on a red background. In addition, an "S" indicates that it is one of the army's schools . The silver-black Umkordelung is in contrast to the arms of the other troops schools for any branch of service specific color of arms , but the border corresponds for. B. the division association badge and the Army Office, since the officers come from all branches of the army. It thus corresponds to the coat of arms of the former Army Office with an additional "S".

geography

The valley of the Prießnitz between the military history museum of the Bundeswehr (left), which was under renovation at that time (2007) and the officers' school (right) as a view from the tower of the garrison church to the north.

criticism

The ARD journalist Markus Frenzel criticized 2011 in his book Leichen im Keller. How Germany supports international war criminals that alleged criminals against humanity, including the Guinean military dictator Moussa Dadis Camara , who came to power in 2008 , had been trained in Dresden and Bremen .

As part of a rape case in February 2016, the victim's superior, a lieutenant colonel and the troop doctor were accused of insensitive behavior, which was documented on ARD television. The Dresden District Court sentenced the perpetrator after an agreement according to § 257c StPO to a prison sentence of two years, the execution of which was suspended on probation. Today, such incidents are rigorously investigated. Enforcing norms and values ​​is an important concern of the training, according to Major General Norbert Wagner , the current chief trainer of the German army.

Arson attack in 2009

On the night of April 13, 2009, a fire broke out in which 42 cars, buses and trucks were destroyed. Unknown perpetrators had probably set fire to at least three places in the vehicle fleet. Over 20 fire engines were in use.

See also

literature

  • Bernd Großjohann: Army officer school . Army Officer School, Dresden 2007.
  • Stefan Heydt, Christian Bannert (project officer): The army schools . On behalf of the Army Office , Fölbach-Medienservice, Munich 2011, p. 234 ff.

Web links

Commons : Army Officer School  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Minister in Dresden - joy about specialists from the economy. In: BMVg. February 1, 2019, accessed May 1, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Helmut R. Hammerich : Commission comes from compromise. The army of the Bundeswehr between the Wehrmacht and the US Army (1950 to 1970) . In: Helmut R. Hammerich, Dieter H. Kollmer , Martin Rink , Rudolf J. Schlaffer (Eds.): Das Heer 1950 to 1970. Concept, organization, deployment (= security policy and armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany . Vol. 3). Oldenbourg, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-486-57974-6 , p. 229.
  3. ↑ See chronology : Helmut R. Hammerich , Dieter H. Kollmer , Martin Rink , Rudolf J. Schlaffer (Eds.): Das Heer 1950 to 1970. Concept, organization, deployment (= security policy and armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany . Vol. 3) . Oldenbourg, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-486-57974-6 , p. 751.
  4. ^ Martin Rink : Bundeswehr. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria . October 27, 2010, accessed November 18, 2015 .
  5. ↑ a b Helmut R. Hammerich : Commission comes from compromise. The army of the Bundeswehr between the Wehrmacht and the US Army (1950 to 1970) . In: Helmut R. Hammerich, Dieter H. Kollmer , Martin Rink , Rudolf J. Schlaffer (Eds.): Das Heer 1950 to 1970. Concept, organization, deployment (= security policy and armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany . Vol. 3). Oldenbourg, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-486-57974-6 , p. 329.
  6. ↑ See chronology : Helmut R. Hammerich , Dieter H. Kollmer , Martin Rink , Rudolf J. Schlaffer (Eds.): Das Heer 1950 to 1970. Concept, organization, deployment (= security policy and armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany . Vol. 3) . Oldenbourg, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-486-57974-6 , p. 782.
  7. ↑ Army Officer School. In: Bundeswehr location database . www.zmsbw.de, accessed on April 2, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Handover of command at the Army Officers School. dresden-fernsehen.de, July 24, 2015, accessed on July 26, 2015 .
  9. ↑ a b Markus Frenzel : Corpses in the cellar. How Germany supports international war criminals (= dtv 24876 Premium ). Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-423-24876-1 .
  10. ↑ Markus Frenzel in conversation with Jasper Barenberg , Deutschlandradio, May 4, 2011
  11. ↑ Dresden Latest News: "I deeply regret what happened to the officer"
  12. ↑ "They weren't beginners" - After the arson attack on the officers' school, there were increasing signs of a political motive  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , sz-online.de, April 15, 2009@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.sz-online.de  

Coordinates: 51 ° 4 ′ 34 "  N , 13 ° 45 ′ 55"  E