Salomon Rothschild

Salomon Meyer Freiherr von Rothschild

Salomon Meyer Freiherr von Rothschild (born September 9, 1774 in Frankfurt am Main , † July 28, 1855 in Paris ) was an Austrian entrepreneur and banker . As the second son of the founder of the dynasty, Mayer Amschel Rothschild and his wife Gutle Schnapper (1753–1849), Salomon was the actual founder of the Austrian branch of the Rothschild family .

Live and act

Salomon Rothschild opened a bank in Vienna in 1821 , which became Creditanstalt in 1855 under his son Anselm Salomon von Rothschild . Over time he became the leading financier of the Habsburg Empire , to which he added a total of 200 million guilders in credit. State Chancellor Prince Metternich and the House of Habsburg were obliged to him. Rothschild, who initially resided in the Hotel Zum Roman Kaiser , because as a Jew he was only allowed to purchase a house with a special permit, ultimately became one of the largest landowners in the Danube monarchy. Rothschild also played a significant role in industrialization. In 1835 he was granted the concession to build the Kaiser-Ferdinands-Nordbahn , in this context he expanded the Witkowitz ironworks (so as not to be dependent on British rail supplies) , organized a European monopoly for mercury and prevented it with a loan of 500,000 guilders in 1839 the collapse of Österreichischer Lloyd , in which it had already taken part when it was founded with a notable takeover of shares. In October of the revolutionary year 1848, Rothschild fled to France. Although he returned to Vienna briefly in 1849, most recently lived mainly with his daughter Betty in Paris and her husband James de Rothschild , his brother.

Salomon Meyer von Rothschild, lithograph by Josef Kriehuber , 1839

family

Salomon Rothschild married in 1800 Caroline Stern (1782 to 1854), daughter of wine merchant Samuel Hayum Star (1760-1819) and sister of Jacob Samuel Heyum Star (1780 to 1833), who later Bankhaus Jacob SH Stern in Frankfurt justified .

The couple had two children together:

• The son Anselm Salomon von Rothschild (1803-1874) married Charlotte von Rothschild (1807-1859). She was the first daughter of the London-based banker Nathan Mayer Rothschild (1777-1836). This couple had eight children.
• The daughter Betty de Rothschild (1805-1886) married the Paris-based banker James de Rothschild , the younger brother of Solomon , in 1824 . This marriage produced five children.

End of the Rothschild banking house in Austria

The Creditanstalt (CA), which grew out of his banking house, was regarded as a Rothschild bank until 1931. Then in the wake of the CA crisis, the state had to take over the majority. The role of the House of Rothschild in the CA ended with the "Anschluss" of Austria to the German Reich in 1938.

Honor

In 2016, Rothschildplatz was named after the Rothschild family, especially Salomon Rothschild, on the Nordbahnhof area in Vienna- Leopoldstadt at the corner of Bruno-Marek-Allee and Jakov-Lind-Straße . In the 1830s he was the main financier of the Kaiser-Ferdinand-Nordbahn .

See also

• Descendants of Mayer Amschel Rothschild

literature

• Constantin von Wurzbach : Rothschild, Salomon Freiherr von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 27th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1874, pp. 116–118 ( digitized version ).
• Gustav Otruba :  Rothschild Salomon Mayer Frh. Von. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 9, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1483-4 , p. 289 f. (Direct links on p. 289 , p. 290 ). (PDF)
• Fritz Backhaus:  Rothschild, Salomon Freiherr von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 133 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Salomon von Rothschild  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on Salomon Rothschild in the Austria Forum  (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
• The Rothschild Dynasty - Salomon Rothschild (1774–1855)
• Rothschild, Salomon Mayer. Hessian biography. (As of March 18, 2020). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
• Rothschild, Salomon Mayer (von) in the Frankfurter Personenlexikon

Individual evidence

1. ^ Ronald E. Coons: Steamships, statesmen and bureaucrats. Austrian policy towards the Steam Navigation Company of the Austrian Lloyd; 1836-1848 . Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden 1975, ISBN 3-515-01983-9 , p. 90 ff.