San Francisco (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)

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Middle part of the facade
1 Main Altar 2 Chapel of Señor de Las Tribulaciones 3 Figure of the Sacred Heart of Jesus 4 Altar of Saint Joseph 5 Altar of Buena Muerte 6 Altar of San Antonio de Padua 7 Figure of Hermano Pedro 8 Baptistery 9 Organ loft 10 All Souls Altar 11 Gravestone 12 Dream of Saint Joseph 13 Altar of the Virgen de la Consolación 14 Altar of Saint Buenaventura 15 Chapel of the Virgen del Retiro 16 Pulpit
Main altar
Wall painting in the main altar room
Senor de las Tribulaciones
Virgen del Retiro

The parish church of San Francisco de Asís ( Iglesia Parroquial San Francisco de Asís ) is the church of the former Franciscan monastery of San Pedro Alcántara in Santa Cruz de Tenerife .

history

In 1676 King Charles II approved the establishment of a Franciscan monastery in Santa Cruz de Tenerife . Construction of the monastery building began in 1677.

The construction of the monastery, which was named San Pedro de Alcántara , was initially completed in 1680 with the help of Bishop García Ximénez. The church was the Nuestra Señora de la Soledad chapel, which its founder Tomás de Ayala had given to the Franciscans.

Between 1705 and 1710 a stone tower was built according to the plans of José Pérez, who lived in the monastery. Three bells were hung in this tower. Pérez also designed the main sanctuary, which was built during this period. The crossing and the entire main chapel were built by Andrés Rodríguez Bello between 1713 and 1715.

The construction of the monastery and its church received new impetus thanks to the contributions of Bishop Lucas Conejero, who preferred to live in Santa Cruz instead of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , the actual bishopric. From 1718 to 1724 he chose the Franciscan monastery as his place of residence. During his presence and thanks to his help, the church organ was bought, the main altar room completed, the roof raised and the altar gilded. A representation of this bishop hangs on the right side of the main sanctuary above the door to the sacristy. The main sanctuary was laid out with stone slabs from the Canary Islands and Dutch bricks. A monastery cell, the so-called cell of the bishop, was built, which offered direct access from the monastery to the choir through a corridor and a staircase.

From 1760 to 1762 a second nave was built on the left, the south side. The construction of a new tower at the end of the 18th century led to an ongoing dispute with the parish priest of Nuestra Señora de la Concepción (Santa Cruz de Tenerife) . The parish priest could not take legal action against the fact that the tower of the monastery was higher than that of his church. But the friars had hung four bells in the tower. The parish priest found out that there was an old papal bull from the beginning of the 15th century that did not allow monasteries to have more than one bell. Therefore he complained to the episcopal ordinariate against it. In fact, as the inventory of 1708 shows , the monastery has always had at least three bells. However, these did not hang in a tower that was higher than that of the parish church. The Franciscans defended themselves with a bull from Pope Innocent XI. of February 12, 1685, the previous one of Pope John XXII. picked up. However, this referred to the Dominican order . Bishop Cervera, who was himself a Franciscan of the Reformed Order of San Pedro de Alcántara, gave the instruction that at least one bell should be hung. Since it was about the honor of the patron for them, the friars went to Rome, where they were from Pius VI. were given the right to hang as many bells as they wanted in the tower. The parish priest then commissioned a higher tower for his church. The Franciscans, on the other hand, hung up to five bells in their tower, the last in 1792.

The church was used as an additional parish church for the parish of Concepción when the monastery was dissolved in the course of the dismortment in Spain from 1821 . In 1824 the church was closed. After some back and forth, the monastery was finally closed in 1835 as part of the disamortization in Spain. The church was used again as the parish church of the Concepción parish from 1848. From 1850 the church was a parish church of an independent parish. In 1907 the church was in a ruinous state, so that it had to be closed for a year for renovation work. The buildings of the monastery, with the exception of the church tower, were demolished in 1929. The present courthouse and the museum building were built in their place. The Plaza del Príncipe de Asturias (Santa Cruz de Tenerife) was created on the site of the monastery garden. The church building received another major renovation in 1970. The church was declared a Bien de Interés Cultural on December 23, 2008 .

Exterior view

The facade is divided into three parts that correspond to the three naves . The main entrance in the middle consists of a semicircular arch framed by twisted columns . At the top, the entrance is closed by a gable , in which there is a niche with the image of the patron saint. In the upper gable area there is a circular window. The entrances to the side aisles have simple round arches. There are windows with semicircular arches above. The facade ends with a cornice that connects the three bodies.

inner space

The building has a rectangular floor plan and is divided into three naves, separated by arches supported by strong columns made of red tuff . The central nave has rectangular windows on the sides. The ceilings of the main nave and the two side aisles have traditional Canarian wooden ceilings. The floor is covered with square white and black stone slabs. On a column between the main nave and the left aisle there is an octagonal, wooden pulpit, the surfaces of which bear pictorial representations.

Main altar

The main altar of the church is of particular art historical importance. It was carved in 1733 and gilded in 1736-1739. It is considered one of the most interesting in the archipelago. This is especially true for the unusual vegetal and pictorial decorations. The figure of the Immaculate Conception is the work of the La Orotava artist Nicolas Perdigón Oramas. On the left side of the altar is a South American figure of Saint Francis of Assisi from the 18th century. The figure of Saint Dominic on the right is the work of an unknown artist from the 17th century. It comes from the dissolved Dominican monastery in Santa Cruz de Tenerife. The ceiling of the main sanctuary bears Portuguese-style paintings depicting the Coronation of the Virgin by the Trinity. The side walls show z. Partly in grisailles, which are attributed to the artist Carlos Acosta, scenes that relate to the Eucharist. The areas above the arches between the side aisles and the chapels are covered with frescoes from the late 18th century. The painting on the field above the arch between the main nave and the main sanctuary is particularly interesting. It shows a representation of Maria Immaculata , who, supported by Charles III. and the Franciscan Order, fighting for the dogma of the immaculate conception .

Chapel of the Señor de las Tribuliciónes

The chapel on the front wall of the right aisle was used as the chapel of Ludwig IX. (France) built between 1721 and 1722. For many believers in the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, the altar of the “Señor de las Tribuliciónes” located in this chapel is the most important altar in the church. The sculpture was made in South or Central America using a traditional Indian process. The inside of the bust consists of processed corn leaves and pith-filled corn stalks. Strips of fabric are stored in it. The whole thing is covered with a plastic mass made from the pulp of corn stalks and a binding agent obtained from plant bulbs. It is furnished with different textiles according to the holidays of the church year. This sculpture's fame stems from the fact that an epidemic ended in 1893 after the sculpture was brought in procession through the city streets. For this reason she is known as the "Señor de Santa Cruz".

In the side niches are the figures of Santo Domingo de la Calzada and those of San Expedito , above the Señor de las Tribulaciones San Alfonso María de Ligorio , below the Señor de las Tribulaciones a blessing Child Jesus.

The figure of the Sagrado Corazón de Jesús stands in a niche on the right side wall of the chapel.

Altar of Saint Joseph

The altar of St. Joseph is in the right aisle of the church. It was built between 1730 and 1733. In the middle niche of the altar there is a figure of Saint Joseph with the Christ child. In the upper part of the altar there are paintings of St. Francis, St. Lawrence and St. John.

Altar of Cristo de la Buena Muerte

The passage that used to connect the church with the monastery is now covered by a neo-renaissance altar showing a “Cristo de la Buena Muerte”. It comes from the transition from the 17th to the 18th century.

Altar of Saint Anthony of Padua

The altar of Saint Anthony of Padua is the last altar in the right aisle. It includes figures of Saint Anthony of Padua, Saint Kajetan of Thiene, Peter of Alcantara, the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Salvator of Horta, Luis Beltrán and Rochus of Montpellier.

Figure of Hermano Pedro Hermano Pedro de San José

The altar is dedicated to the first saint of the Canary Islands, Hermano Pedro de San José Betancur . The illustration is from 2004.

Baptistery

In the right aisle there is a baptistery under the stairs that lead to the organ gallery.

Altar of souls

The background of the All Souls' Altar in the left aisle is a painting by the Tenerife painter Rafael Henríquez, born in 1737. It shows the intercession of Saints Domenicus and Francis of Assisi for the souls in purgatory.

Sueño de San José

The group of Saint Joseph with an angel represents the "Sueño de San José". In the left aisle it forms the counterpart to the figure of Hermano Pedro de San José.

Altar of the Virgin of Consolation

In the middle of this altar are the Virgin of Consolation from the 18th century, on the left St. Clare of Assisi from the 18th century, and on the right St. Rita (from 1945) with the figure “Our love Woman of Seven Sorrows ”(a small figure to be dressed).

Altar of Saint Buenaventura

This altar is in the left aisle. It was gilded in 1740. In the lower niches are the sculptures of Saint Buenaventura, Saint Blaise of Sebaste and Francis of Paula.

Chapel of the Virgen del Retiro

On the front wall of the left aisle is the chapel of the "Virgen del Retiro" with the "Virgen de los Dolores" by the artist Luján Pérez from the 18th century in the center. The figures of Saint John the Baptist and Saint Lucia of Syracuse can be seen in the side niches. the altar was built between 1751 and 1753.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alejandro Cioranescu: Historia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 1494 - 1803 . tape II . Servicio de Publicaciones de la Caja General de Ahorros de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1977, ISBN 84-500-1652-5 , pp. 430 (Spanish).
  2. ↑ Alejandro Cioranescu: Historia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 1494 - 1803 . tape II . Servicio de Publicaciones de la Caja General de Ahorros de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1977, ISBN 84-500-1652-5 , pp. 433 (Spanish).
  3. ↑ Alejandro Cioranescu: Historia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 1494 - 1803 . tape II . Servicio de Publicaciones de la Caja General de Ahorros de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1977, ISBN 84-500-1652-5 , pp. 434 f . (Spanish).
  4. ↑ Alberto Darias Principe: Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Ciudad, Arquitectura y Memoria Histórica 1500–1981 . Ayuntamiento de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, ISBN 84-89350-92-2 , pp. 335 ff . (Spanish).
  5. ↑ Alejandro Cioranescu: Historia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife . 2nd Edition. tape 4 . Servicio de Publicaciones de la Caja General de Ahorros de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1998, ISBN 84-7985-066-3 , p. 270 ff . (Spanish).
  6. ↑ Consejería de Educación, Universidades, Cultura y Deportes: DECRETO 242/2008, de 23 de diciembre, por el que se delimita el entorno de protección del Bien de Interés Cultural, con categoría de Monumento “La Iglesia Parroquial de San Francisco”, situada en el término municipal de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, isla de Tenerife. (PDF; 108 kB) January 5, 2009, accessed April 6, 2013 (Spanish).
  7. ↑ DECRETO 242/2008, de 23 de diciembre, por el que se delimita el entorno de protección del Bien de Interés Cultural, con categoría de Monumento “La Iglesia Parroquial de San Francisco”, situada en el término municipal de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, isla de Tenerife. (PDF; 108 kB) In: Boletín Oficial de Canarias núm. 2, lunes 5 de enero de 2009. Consejería de Educación, Universidades, Cultura y Deportes, January 5, 2009, p. 553 , accessed April 10, 2013 (Spanish).
  8. ↑ Los tesoros de San Francisco se pierden. La Opinion, May 4, 2008, accessed March 8, 2013 (Spanish).
  9. ↑ Los tesoros de San Francisco se pierden. La Opinion, May 4, 2008, accessed March 8, 2013 (Spanish).
  10. ↑ DECRETO 242/2008, de 23 de diciembre, por el que se delimita el entorno de protección del Bien de Interés Cultural, con categoría de Monumento “La Iglesia Parroquial de San Francisco”, situada en el término municipal de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, isla de Tenerife. (PDF; 108 kB) In: Boletín Oficial de Canarias núm. 2, lunes 5 de enero de 2009. Consejería de Educación, Universidades, Cultura y Deportes, January 5, 2009, p. 553 , accessed April 10, 2013 (Spanish).
  11. ^ Clementina Calero Ruiz, Carlos Javier Castro Brunetto, Carmen Milagros González Chávez: Luces y Sombras en el Siglo Ilustrado . Consejera de Educación, Universidades, Cultura y Deportes, Santa Cruz de Tenerife; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 2009, ISBN 978-84-7947-514-7 , p. 233 ff . (Spanish).
  12. ↑ El Toscal alaba al Señor de las Tribulaciones. El Dia, March 30, 2010, accessed April 5, 2013 (Spanish).
  13. ↑ Pablo Amador Marrero: Traza española, ropaje indiano: el Cristo de Telde y la imaginería en caña de maíz . MI Ayuntamiento de Telde., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 2002, ISBN 84-89104-47-6 , p. 61 ff . (Spanish).
  14. ↑ El Cristo de las Tribulaciones it "Señor de Santa Cruz"
  15. ↑ Consejería de Educación, Universidades, Cultura y Deportes: DECRETO 242/2008, de 23 de diciembre, por el que se delimita el entorno de protección del Bien de Interés Cultural, con categoría de Monumento “La Iglesia Parroquial de San Francisco”, situada en el término municipal de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, isla de Tenerife. (PDF; 108 kB) January 5, 2009, accessed April 6, 2013 (Spanish).
  16. ↑ Consejería de Educación, Universidades, Cultura y Deportes: DECRETO 242/2008, de 23 de diciembre, por el que se delimita el entorno de protección del Bien de Interés Cultural, con categoría de Monumento “La Iglesia Parroquial de San Francisco”, situada en el término municipal de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, isla de Tenerife. (PDF; 108 kB) January 5, 2009, accessed April 6, 2013 (Spanish).
  17. ↑ Los tesoros de San Francisco se pierden. La Opinion, May 4, 2008, accessed March 8, 2013 (Spanish).
  18. ↑ Consejería de Educación, Universidades, Cultura y Deportes: DECRETO 242/2008, de 23 de diciembre, por el que se delimita el entorno de protección del Bien de Interés Cultural, con categoría de Monumento “La Iglesia Parroquial de San Francisco”, situada en el término municipal de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, isla de Tenerife. (PDF; 108 kB) January 5, 2009, accessed April 6, 2013 (Spanish).
  19. ↑ DECRETO 242/2008, de 23 de diciembre, por el que se delimita el entorno de protección del Bien de Interés Cultural, con categoría de Monumento “La Iglesia Parroquial de San Francisco”, situada en el término municipal de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, isla de Tenerife. (PDF; 108 kB) In: Boletín Oficial de Canarias núm. 2, lunes 5 de enero de 2009. Consejería de Educación, Universidades, Cultura y Deportes, January 5, 2009, p. 553 , accessed April 10, 2013 (Spanish).

literature

  • Alberto Darias Principe: Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Ciudad, Arquitectura y Memoria Histórica 1500–1981 . Ayuntamiento de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, ISBN 84-89350-92-2 , pp. 47 ff . (Spanish).
  • Manuel Hernández González: Tenerife, Patrimonio Histórico y Cultural . Editorial Rueda, Madrid 2002, ISBN 84-7207-134-0 , p. 14th ff . (Spanish).
  • Alejandro Cioranescu: Historia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 1494 - 1803 . tape II . Servicio de Publicaciones de la Caja General de Ahorros de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1977, ISBN 84-500-1652-5 (Spanish).
  • Alejandro Cioranescu: Historia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife . 2nd Edition. tape 4 . Servicio de Publicaciones de la Caja General de Ahorros de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1998, ISBN 84-7985-066-3 (Spanish).

Web links

Commons : Church of San Francisco de Asís (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 28 ° 28 '4.6 "  N , 16 ° 14' 58.1"  W.