Sansevieria trifasciata
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Sansevieria trifasciata |
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Sansevieria trifasciata is a species of plant from the genus bow hemp ( Sansevieria ) in the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). The specific epithet trifasciata means (Latin trifasciatus) three-banded '. It is particularly popular as an undemanding indoor and office plant and is known colloquially as official asparagus.
description
Sansevieria trifasciata grows without a stem as a perennial , succulent plant with strong 1.3 to 2.5 centimeters thick creeping rhizomes . The one or two (rarely up to 6) leaves stand upright on one shoot. They are linear, lanceolate and flat. The simple leaf blade is 30 to 160 inches long and 2.5 to 8 inches wide. It gradually narrows more or less from the center or above in a rutty stalk. The green spade tip is 3.2 to 3.8 millimeters long and sub-sub. The grass-green, sometimes slightly glaucous leaves are alternately marked with whitish to light green and deep grass-green to black-green transverse bands. The edge of the spread is green. The leaf surface is smooth.
The single- eared inflorescences are 30 to 76 centimeters high. The flower stalk is green with pale green spots. The panicles are loosely covered with three to eight flowers per cluster. The bracts are ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed and 3.2 to 12.7 millimeters long. The flower stalk is 5.3 to 8.5 millimeters long. The bracts are white. The flower tube is 0.64 to 1.27 inches long. The tips are 1.48 to 1.9 inches long.
The number of chromosomes is .
distribution
In Central Africa, Sansevieria trifasciata is native to Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Large stocks can also be found in other parts of the world, as the most popular type of Sansevieria has been introduced again and again by man on a large scale. In India and in many other subtropical countries, the species is already considered feral.
Simultaneously with the spread and great popularity as indoor plants , a large number of cultivars also emerged .
Taxonomy
The first description of Sansevieria trifasciata was in 1903 by David Prain .
Synonyms for Sansevieria trifasciata Prain are: Sansevieria craigii Hort. (1912), Sansevieria jacquinii N.E.Br. (1911), Sansevieria laurentii De Wild. (1904), Sansevieria trifasciata var. Laurentii (De Wild.) NEBr. (1915) and Sansevieria zeylanica var. Laurentii (De Wild.) LHBailey (1963).
Of Sansevieria trifasciata a large number of cultivars exist. They differ, among other things, in leaf size, degree of variegation and the green shade of the leaves. The variant 'Hahnii' is short and has significantly wider leaves than the others.
The species is colloquially called mother-in-law's tongue
Sansevieria trifasciata 'Futura Simplex'
Sansevieria trifasciata 'Hahnii Green Leaves'
Sansevieria trifasciata 'Laurentii' with variegated leaves
Sansevieria trifasciata 'Moonshine'
Sansevieria trifasciata 'Super Marginata'
A cultivar with yellow variegated stripes on the leaf margins
use
As with other plants of the genus, fibers used to be extracted from the leaves to make ropes .
Due to its unusual tolerance to all light conditions and drought, Sansevieria trifasciata is one of the easiest to care for and most popular indoor plants. The only damage to the plants is if they are watered too often. The need for water is very low, especially in winter. The plants tolerate temperatures of up to 5 ° C and thrive best between 18 ° C and 27 ° C. They can be propagated by separating the rhizome and by rooting in leaf sections that should be at least 5 cm long. When propagating through leaf sections, the 'Laurentii' variety usually loses the variegation of the leaves. We recommend letting both the rhizomes and the leaf sections dry for several days before planting.
The Sansevieria trifasciata 'Laurentii' purifies the air from benzene , formaldehyde , trichlorethylene , xylenes and toluene .
literature
- Nicholas Edward Brown : Sansevieria - a monograph of all the known species (with plates) . In: Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, No. 5 . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 1915, p. 239-241 ( online ).
- Peter A. Mansfeld: The genus Sansevieria - all kinds and their care . 1st edition. BoD, Hamburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-8482-5142-1 , p. 110-111 .
- Leonard E. Newton: Sansevieria . In: Urs Eggli (Hrsg.): Succulent lexicon . tape 1 Monocotyledons. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 978-3-8001-3662-9 , pp. 283 .
Web links
- Online publication Sansevieria Online
- Sansevieria trifasciata . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Birkhäuser 2004, ISBN 3-540-00489-0 , p. 243.
- ↑ Bengal Plants: a list of the phanerogams, ferns and fern-allies indigenous to, or commonly cultivated in, the Lower provinces and Chittagong, with definitions of the natural orders and genera, and keys to the genera and species.Calcutta, India . Vol. 2, 1903, p. 1054 (online) .
- ↑ Care instructions on OurHousePlants.com, accessed September 2016.
- ↑ Pottorff, L. Plants "Clean" Air Inside Our Homes. Colorado State University & Denver County Extension Master Gardener. 2010.
- ^ Wolverton, BC (1996) How to Grow Fresh Air . New York: Penguin Books.
- ^ Wolverton, BC and JD Wolverton. (1993). Plants and soil microorganisms: removal of formaldehyde, xylene, and ammonia from the indoor environment. Journal of the Mississippi Academy of Sciences 38 (2), 11-15.