Sansha

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Sansha ( Chinese  三 沙市 , Pinyin Sānshā Shì ) is a city in the South China Sea and the third prefecture -level city in the Chinese province of Hainan . It was formed on July 24, 2012 from the "Department of the Xisha, Nansha and Zhongsha Islands", a semi-official special area of ​​China , which until then was equal to the county level. After Haikou , Sanya and Zhoushan , Sansha is the fourth prefecture-level city in China that is exclusively located on islands.

International significance

There are numerous territorial conflicts in the China Sea , including Sansha. The land and sea areas of the city are disputed territory with very different territorial claims of different states ( Republic of China , Vietnam , Philippines , Malaysia , Brunei ). The People's Republic of China only exercises de facto administrative control over some of the islands. Sansha has a land area of ​​only 13 km² on a sea area of ​​over 2 million km² and nominally consists of three archipelagos, the Xisha , Nansha and Zhongsha Islands . Of the 444 resident population, 242 people registered their first place of residence in Sansha (2010). The city's people's government is based on Yongxing Dao . Xiao Jie (肖杰) has been the mayor and secretary of the city's CCP Party Committee since it was founded. Since 1990 there has been a military airport with a 2500 meter long runway, now also two ports and a seawater desalination plant.

Administrative structure

The prefecture-level city of Sansha has not yet established a county level. At the community level, Sansha are subordinate to a work and administration committee and two so-called “hypothetical large communities ” (虚拟 镇). A third ( Yongxing Dao永兴 岛 虚拟 镇) has already been dissolved and its four villages and a community of residents are directly subordinate to the city government. This makes Sansha the only district-free city in China to which the village level is partly directly subordinate, in which two administrative levels have been skipped. Sansha is divided into:

control

  • The claims of the People's Republic and the Republic of China relate to all islands in all three archipelagos. Both de facto tolerate the control of individual islands or groups of islands by the other side.
  • The Xisha and Zhongsha Islands are completely under the control of the People's Republic of China. In mid-April 2020, the PR China announced that Xisha and Nansha would from now on be new administrative districts of the city of Sansha.
  • The Xisha and Nansha Islands are completely claimed by Vietnam.
  • Huangyan Dao , the only notable elevation of the Zhongsha Islands above sea level (approx. 2 ha area at low tide, a good 3 m² at high tide) is claimed by the Philippines.
  • The PRC controls nine of the well over 100 Nansha Islands (including Meiji Jiao ), while the Republic of China controls two (including the largest, Taiping Dao ).
  • The Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei each claim part of the Nansha Islands. With the exception of Brunei, everyone involved also has control over some islands.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ China sets up Sansha City to administer South China Sea islands ( English ) Sina.com . June 21, 2012. Retrieved June 21, 2012.
  2. ↑ Johnny Erling: The mega-empire reaches out to the whole world. welt.de, July 7, 2014, accessed on July 7, 2014
  3. ↑ sueddeutsche.de: Power politics in the slipstream of the virus

Coordinates: 16 ° 50 ′ 3 ″  N , 112 ° 20 ′ 15 ″  E