Santa Maria di Nazareth (Scalzi)
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Santa Maria di Nazareth, commonly known as Scalzi, is a monastery church in the Cannaregio sestiere near Venice train station . Right next to the church is one of the bridges over the Grand Canal , the Ponte degli Scalzi .
history
In 1633 the Discalced Carmelites (scalzo: barefoot) settled in Venice . In 1636 the order received approval to build a monastery next to the church designed by Palladio . From 1861 to 1863 this had to give way to the main train station together with the Carmelite monastery.
In 1654 Longhena submitted the design for the church "degli Scalzi". Under his construction management, a bright hall church was built in the succession of Palladio until the consecration in 1705, with two large side chapels, each flanked by two smaller chapels. When Longhena died in 1682, Giuseppe Pozzo, member of the Lay Brotherhood of the Carmelites , led the construction work from 1685 and redesigned the central side chapels and the altar.
The church was thoroughly restored from 1853 to 1862 during the Austrian government.
facade
The two-storey late baroque facade with Corinthian double columns resting on pedestals was completed between 1672 and 1680 by Giuseppe Sardi , who used Carrara marble instead of the limestone from Istria that is common in Venice . The facade is 25 meters wide and 26 meters high. In the lower niches from the left are St. Sebastian , St. Mary Magdalene , St. Margaret and St. John the Baptist . Allegorical figures are located in the entrance spandrels, two putti form the keystone . In the top row on the left there is a statue of St. Jerome and a representation of faith. In the middle is the Mother of God with the child on her throne, after whom the church is named. The statue of hope on the right was destroyed when it fell; on the far right you can see a statue of St. Bartholomew . Most of the statues on the facade are by Bernardo Falconi . The gable bears the coat of arms of the Cavazza family. In the middle of the pediment stands the risen Christ, on the right corner Eve with the apple and on the left Adam .
inner space
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The interior is 45 m long, 25 m wide and 24 m high. 14 windows illuminate the church. The furnishings were designed by Giuseppe Pozzo, brother of the architect Andrea Pozzo . Giuseppe Pozzo transformed Longhena's church into a dramatic, baroque theater setting.
On each side of the wall there are three side altars, two small and in the middle on each side a large chapel. The two small flanking chapels are separated from the nave by Corinthian pilasters on pedestals. The seven statues between the pilasters represent the apostles and are partly attributed to Bernardo Falconi. Above it are twelve busts of popes, bishops and presbyters, whose creators are Clemente Moli or Giovanni Marchiori . The use of polychrome marble and rich figurative decorations muffles the light from the thermal bath windows on the side . The opulent main altar, which is clearly linked to Bernini's altar in St. Peter's Basilica , separates the presbytery from the monks' choir. More than 60 grave slabs in white or red marble are on the floor.
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The large ceiling painting of Tiepolo Flug des Marienhauses to Loreto was almost completely destroyed in 1915 by an Austrian aerial bomb aimed at the station. The design and the remains of the fresco are now in the Accademia (Venice) . Since 1934 the picture has been replaced by the ceiling painting Proclamation of the Virgin Conception at the Council of Nicaea by Ettore Tito (1859–1941). In the second side chapel to the right of Tiepolo, The Glory of St. Theresa of Avila . In the third side chapel on the left a statue of St. Sebastian and three reliefs in gilded bronze with scenes from his life. In addition, we find expressive statues of the Carmelite Saints Theresa of Avila and John of the Cross in the church .
The Manin family provided the financial means for the extensive decoration work. In the left aisle, the last doge Ludovico Manin , who was deposed in 1797, is buried, as is his wife Elisabetta Grimani .
literature
- Churches in Venice , Ennio Concina, Piero Codato, Vittorio Pavan; Hirmer Verlag Munich, 1996, ISBN 3-7774-7010-4
- Church guide Venice : Herbert Rosendorfer, Edition Leipzig 2008, ISBN 978-3-361-00618-8
- Venice , Giandomenico Romanelli, Mark E. Smith, Hirmer Verlag Munich, 1997, ISBN 3-7774-7390-1
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Antonio Manno: Venice. Gruner + Jahr, Hamburg, 2004, p. 349 online
- ↑ a b CHIESA DI S. MARIA DI NAZARETH ( Memento of the original from July 23, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (venezia.carmeloveneto.it) accessed on February 28, 2013
Coordinates: 45 ° 26 ′ 28.6 ″ N , 12 ° 19 ′ 20 ″ E