Sarti (Halkidiki)
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Local community Sarti Τοπική Κοινότητα Σάρτης (Σάρτη) |
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| Basic data | |||
| Country |
 Greece
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| region | Central Macedonia | ||
| Regional district | Chalkidiki | ||
| local community | Sithonia | ||
| Parish | Toroni | ||
| Geographic coordinates | 40 ° 6 ′ N , 23 ° 59 ′ E | ||
| Height above d. M. |
0 m Singitischer Golf |
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| surface | 53.384 km² | ||
| Residents | 1156 (2011) | ||
| Population density | 21.7 inhabitants / km² | ||
| LAU-1 code no. | 13050202 | ||
| Local division | 1 | ||
Sarti ( Greek Σάρτη ( f. Sg. )) Is a village on the east coast of Sithonia , the central peninsula of the "three-fingered" peninsula of Chalkidiki in northern Greece .
geography
Sarti lies with its town center directly on the coast of the Singitian Gulf , a large arm of the Aegean Sea between the peninsulas of Sithonia in the west and Athos in the east.
The center of Sarti is located in the first large bay (Bay of Sarti) south of the east and west oriented foothills of the Itamos mountain range of Sithonia. This large bay extends from north to south for a maximum length of 2.5 km and from west to east for a maximum length of 1.3 km. The center of Sarti encompasses the northern half of the bay including the adjacent small plain: this is also densely built up. The southern part of the bay is considerably less developed. To the west, the southern foothills of the Itamos massif separate Sarti from its neighboring communities and villages ( Neos Marmaras ). Towards the south, the Trapezi with a height of 336 m, an east-facing south-eastern extension of the Itamos massif (Paklara mountain), delimits the bay of Sarti from the bay of Sykia with the neighboring town of Sykia.
The local area is considerably larger than the bay of Sarti and its immediate surroundings. To the north, Sarti extends for about 8 km along the east coast of Sithonia and includes the bay of Armenistis. To the north of Armenistis, Sarti borders the neighboring village of Agios Nikolaos . To the west, the border of the local area runs in a north-north-west-south-south-east direction over the ridges of the Itamos massif. The neighboring village is Neos Marmaras. The highest elevation in the local area is the Dragoudelis with a height of 698 m. It is located northwest of the village center.
At almost the same height as the center of Sarti, about 28 km to the east, is Cape Pines, the south-western tip of the Athos peninsula. Less than 1 km further northeast of Cape Pines is the summit of Athos at 2,033 m. The Athos summit, located 30 km away, is therefore within sight of Sarti and can therefore be clearly seen (see picture). Exactly in a westerly air line is Neos Marmaras 16 km away . The distance to Agios Nikolaos or Vourvourou is 29 km and 17 km as the crow flies and 45 km and 37 km by road. The neighboring town of Sykia to the south is 7 km as the crow flies from its center, while Toroni on the Sithonian east coast is 13 km as the crow flies in a west-southwest direction. The distance to Thessaloniki in the northeast of Sarti is 107 km as the crow flies or 150 km by road, 55 and 82 km to the prefecture capital Polygyros and 60 and 100 km to the largest city on the Chalkidiki peninsula, Nea Moudania .
The Sartis landscape is mountainous. In the area of the village there are only two larger levels with the possibility of arable farming. The Sarti plain itself and the Platanitsi and Karvourotrypes plain, approx. 5 to 6 km to the north. The latter is inland from the beaches of Platanitsi and Karvourotrypes and north of Cape Rigas, but is completely overgrown with pine forest and macchia and is also stony. The bay of Sarti, however, is fully usable. It also has a water supply from the Vagenaria brook, which flows through the Sarti plain coming from Paklara. This stream only flows in winter and spring; it has no water in summer and early autumn. The area from Vourvourou in the north to Sarti in the south across to the border of the two villages north of the Armenistis Bay is consistently forested with conifers, especially pines and firs. The forest extends from the heights of the Itamos Mountains on its eastern foothills to the sea. It is provided with a dense undergrowth and essentially untouched by human intervention and is partly under special protection. The stretch of coast from Vourvourou to Sarti itself consists of rocky coast. Only a few isolated bays have sandy beaches, such as Armenistis Bay or Platanitsi Bay.
Macchia vegetation as far as Sykia is impressive to the south. The coastline is identical to that in the north of Sarti, however the Bay of Sarti and the Bay of Sykia add large pebble beaches to the coastline.
History, Economy and Transport
The ancient settlement of Sarte was located in the area of Sarti in the Bay of Sarti and the associated plain . This is said to have split off from the ancient city of Toroni (near today's settlement of the same name) and become independent; Corresponding information can be found in the tribute lists of the Attic League for the year 434 BC. From Chr. The exact date of the spin-off and formation is not known. In Herodotus it is mentioned as southernmost city in the east coast of Sithonia. During the Persian Wars, the Persians recruited troops and materials from Sarti.
The origin of the inhabitants of Sartes is not clearly established. Most likely it originated from the population of Toroni, which lived in the 8th century BC. BC immigrated from Chalkis to Euboea and founded the city of Toroni. However, an endogenous population is also possible, which was already resident in the area before the Chalcis colonization of Toroni. This is suggested by linguistic peculiarities and names (see in detail Zahrnt and Macan).
After the Persian defeat in 479 BC. Sarte became a member of the Attic Sea League. This was possibly due to the influence of the mother city of Toroni. It is not known whether the temporary confiscation of Toroni by the Spartan general Brasidas also applied to the Sarte area. At the Peace of Nicias during the Peloponnesian War 421 BC Sarti is not mentioned separately; As a split-off from Toroni, it has also been placed under Athenian control as part of the corresponding rules of the treaty. In 421 BC The corresponding tribute lists of the Attic League show a clear drop in tribute payments from Sartes. The reason for this ultimately remains in the dark; but it can be assumed that some event has weakened the city's economic power considerably, for example a loss of residents for any possible reason. The last mention in the tribute lists of the Attic League dates back to 415 BC. Chr .; thereafter there is no further information about Sarte, so that her fate and that of her inhabitants remain unknown. When and why the ancient city of Sarte was destroyed or abandoned is not known. There are no significant remains of the ancient city. During his investigations, Michael Zahrnt reported on fragments found on two hills on the southern boundary of the Bay of Sarti. Other authors, such as William Martin Leake, argue that the ancient city of Sarti is said to have been located further south in the Bay and Plain of Sykia.
In the 14th century the area of Sarti belongs to the Xiropotamou monastery on Athos . This maintained its metochi in the area of Sarti , which took the form of a small village and was given the name Sartis . The exact date of the establishment of the settlement is not known exactly. The people of Sartis did activities such as farming in the Sarti plain and fishing. This settlement or metoche of the Xiropotamou monastery was abandoned over the years and centuries.
Sarti was founded in 1922 by Greek refugees from Asia Minor. These fled their original settlement area during or after the Greco-Turkish war from 1919 to 1922 and the subsequent Greek defeat. They found the abandoned buildings from the 14th century of the Metochi O Sartis abandoned. Until the construction of the ring road around Sithonia between 1960 and 1973, Sarti remained a small fishing village with very strong isolation. Communication or exchange of goods with other towns in Chalkidiki or even larger cities was only possible by means of boat traffic. After the completion of the ring road, Sarti and its area became accessible for an exchange of goods and also for tourism and subsequently enjoyed a significant economic boom.
In 1997, Sarti was merged with the large neighboring village of Sykia and the small village of Toroni on the west coast of Sithonia to form the municipality of Toroni for administrative purposes, and in 2011 it merged with Toroni in the municipality of Sithonia .
Sarti is only connected to the Greek road network as a means of transport. The ring road around Sithonia passes the Bay of Sarti from north to south and is well developed by Greek standards. Accordingly, individual road traffic or public transport with buses to the neighboring villages and especially to Nea Moudania, Polygyros and especially Thessaloniki are the means of transport of choice. However, especially on the east side of the Sithonia to Vourvourou, the road is very winding and prone to falling rocks and does not allow a fast journey. The sometimes very impressive views of the untouched landscape through which the road to Vourvourou leads counteract this loss of time. The route around the southern tip of Sithonia using the ring road on the west coast of Sithonia is not as demanding in terms of route, but has a detour of more than 30 km to destinations on Chalkidiki or in Greece.
Shipping traffic, which continued into the 1960s, has completely lost this importance. The port at Achlada beach in the north of the bay of Sarti is still used for fishing. Boat excursions for tourist purposes also originate there. There is no rail connection or only in Thessaloniki 150 km away. The connection to national and international air traffic is provided by Thessaloniki Airport (140 km away).
population
In 1988 Sarti had 700 inhabitants. At the last Greek census in 2011, Sarti had 1,151 inhabitants. Due to the relatively large area of the village of Sarti, the data from the 2011 census calculated a population density of 21.6 inhabitants per square kilometer.
Politics and administration
Since its foundation in 1922, Sarti has been an independent municipality ( Greek κοινότητα , kinotita ) in the prefecture of Chalkidiki in the administrative region of Central Macedonia . As part of the great Greek administrative reform in 1997 , Sarti was combined with the larger neighboring municipality of Sykia and the very small village of Toroni to form a municipality ( Greek δήμος , dimos , municipality). The naming was obviously based on the ancient situation, in which the currently smallest municipality Toroni was the largest in terms of population and importance in ancient times. The seat of the municipality of Toroni, which Sarti has belonged to since 1997, was the large neighboring town of Sykia. In 2011, with another administrative reform, Sarti was incorporated into the municipality of Sithonia together with Toroni.
In the elections for the prefect of Chalkidiki in 2006, the later winner Asterios Zografis ( Nea Dimokratia ) also achieved the majority of votes in Sarti. In the 2007 Greek parliamentary elections, the all-Greek election winner, the center-right party Nea Dimokratia in Sarti, achieved 48.78% of the vote (Greece: 41.83%, Chalkidiki 46.37%), the center-left party PASOK 40.30% (38.10%, 38.11%), the communist party KKE 10.59% (8.15%, 5.43%), the left party SYRIZA 2.12% (5.04%, 3rd , 81%) and the right-wing national to extremist party LAOS 1.91% (3.80%, 3.42%). The rest was made up of 9 other parties and political groups.
literature
- Klaus Bötig : Chalkidiki. Travel with insider tips. (With travel atlas) (= Marco Polo ). 7th, updated edition. MairDuMont, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-8297-0116-0 .
- Regina Mousteraki: Chalkidiki. Detailed tourist guide. Adam, Athens n.d. , ISBN 960-500-208-6 .
- Ioakim A. Papangelos: Chalkidiki. 2nd Edition. Malliaris Paidia, Thessaloniki 1985 (3rd edition. Moorland, Ashbourne 1987, ISBN 0-86190-200-9 ).
- Michael Zahrnt : Olynthos and the Chalkidians. Studies on the formation of states on the Chalcidian Peninsula in the 5th and 4th centuries BC BC (= Vestigia . Vol. 14). Beck, Munich 1971, ISBN 3-406-03097-1 (also: Kiel, Universität, Dissertation, 1969).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
- ^ Herodotus 7, 122. English-language information from the Perseus Encyclopedia. Last accessed September 29, 2009
- ↑ Michael Zahrnt: Olynth and the Chalkidians. 1971.
- ^ Reginald Walter Macan. Herodotus: The Seventh, Eighth, & Ninth Books with Introduction and Commentary. Oxford University Press. Oxford, 1907. Available at The Perseus Project
- ↑ p. 175.
- ↑ Information from the prefecture of Chalkidiki on the prefecture election 2006 (Excel file, in Greek; 741 kB). ( Memento of the original from February 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Website of the Greek Ministry of the Interior, YPES ( Memento of the original of April 21, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (in Greek and English).
