Schönfeld (Bohemian noble family)

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Schönfeld is the name of a noble family from Bohemia who were accepted into the imperial nobility in 1594 .

Hieronymus von Schönfeld

On July 20, 1594, Hieronymus Schönfeld, as the chamber keeper at Prague Castle , received an improvement in the coat of arms already used by his family and was accepted into the imperial nobility. In the diploma issued for this purpose, the services of his father Georg Friedrich Schönfeld as a coin tithing administrator in Sankt Joachimsthal and those of his brother Christoph Schönfeld, who died in March 1584, as a coin administrator in Budweis are honored. Schönfeld then carried the new coat of arms, but apparently made no use of the nobility predicate " von ". So he carried himself in 1601 Georg Birckels pedigree only as Jerome Schonfeldt, imperial chamber doorkeeper one, which meant that he in known Siebmacher armorials in the Department of Civil can be found. Schönfeld can be found between 1594 and 1612 in the Prague district of Kleinseite , Thomasgasse 8. In 1630 he asked the Prague court chamber to transfer his commission to his two sons until they had completed their studies . Actually nothing more is known about these two students or other descendants. Only in a general encyclopedia in 1740 it was claimed that his son Friedrich Michael von Schönfeld provided the old town of Prague with all kinds of war necessities in 1648, so that the Swedes had to stop their attack on the city . In fact, this person was Colonel Nikolaus von Schönfeld, who, as commander of the Prague armories, played a decisive role in the successful defense of the city, as noted in an early chronicle and also in the count's diploma later awarded to his family.

Johann Ferdinand von Schönfeld

At the beginning of the 1770s, the bourgeois printer Johann Nepomuk Schönfeld acquired Hieronymus Schönfeld's aristocratic diploma, issued in 1594, in a Prague antiquarian bookshop , called himself Johann Ferdinand Edler von Schönfeld from around 1773 and his wife, the daughter of the bourgeois bell founder Jakob Konrad Lehner, sometimes appeared as born von Lehner in appearance. In order not to draw the authorities' attention to this appropriation of the nobility, he acquired Prague citizenship on May 9, 1776 without a title of nobility. When Schönfeld had brought more and more competitors into economic difficulties with his unscrupulous business practices, three diatribes appeared about him in 1785/86 , in which his alleged nobility was also discussed. As a result, on September 14, 1786, the Prague authorities asked Schönfeld to provide documentary evidence of his nobility. A month later he handed over a total of 23 copies from church, civil and civil rights books. Since none of the persons mentioned in it could be assigned to the nobility, the authorities forbade further use of the nobility predicate on January 20, 1787 under threat of punishment. Schönfeld came from a well-known Prague bell foundry family. In 1650, the redsmith Michael Friedrich Schenfeldt was granted citizenship there, his son Michael Friedrich was a bell founder (mentioned around 1670), his son Anton Josef (mentioned around 1700) and his son Franz (mentioned until around 1730). His brother was the stable master Anton Johann and Johann Ferdinand von Schönfeld's father. In order to save his nobility after all, Schönfeld turned to the Vienna court chancellery. In his petition he referred only marginally to the alleged noble descent, rather he now referred to the services he had already rendered to the empire. In fact, on March 15, 1787, allegedly after paying 1,500 guilders, he received recognition of the old nobility with the addition of noble . This was followed on August 13, 1814, the inclusion in the knighthood , on October 1, 1814 in the series of the Lower Austrian knighthood families and on April 10 (diploma of July 14th) 1816 the allocation of the Bohemian incolate .

Finally, Anton Ritter von Schönfeld, Johann Ferdinand's grandson and officer in the Imperial and Royal Army, was awarded the Order of the Iron Crown, second class , on January 15, 1870 , which was connected with the constitutional elevation to the baron class .

This family has no genealogical connection to the Counts of Schönfeld (de Serainschamps) or the Seydlitz von Schönfeld .

coat of arms

  • Coat of arms 1594: A silver post in red, above a black bar covered with three golden six-pointed stars next to each other. The crowned helmet with a black and gold cover on the right and red and black cover on the left carries the crowned head and neck of a black eagle.
  • Coat of arms 1870: shield and helmet as before. Helmet with a baron crown. The shield is held by two inward-facing naked wild men, wreathed with green oak leaves around their heads and loins, each leaning with their outer hand on a wooden club propped on the ground, the same standing on a golden arabesque around which a red ribbon with the Devis Cuique suum is looped in silver lapidary writing.

Name bearer

  • Anton Joseph (* 1673 in Prague), bell founder in Prague.
  1. Johann Anton (1695–1773), stable master in Prague.
    1. Franz Expedit (1745–1807), scholar and writer, joined the order of the Jesuits in 1760, professor of poetry (grammar school in New Town in Prague and University of Prague), dean in Reichstadt, real councilor of the ruling Duke Prince Christian von Waldeck .
    2. Johann Ferdinand (1750–1821), printer, publisher and genealogist .
      1. Ignaz (1778–1839), civil servant, entrepreneur and genealogist.
      2. Jakob (1795–1841), printer and paper manufacturer.
        1. Anton (1827–1898), Austrian General Troop Inspector and Feldzeugmeister .
  2. Theodor (1700–1743), since 1738 abbot in the Königsaal monastery .
  3. Franz (* 1707 in Prague), bell founder in Prague.
  4. Wenzel Bartholomäus (1708–1742), pharmacist in Brüx .
    1. Josef (1741–1823), court assessor in Brüx.
      1. Peter (1784–1857), publisher, printer in Brüx and Saaz , set up the first printing press in the Saaz district.
        1. Theodor (1816–1879), lawyer, advocate, bookseller and mayor of Saaz.
          1. Constantin (1844–1921), mayor of Saaz.
            1. Rudolf (1876–1940), kk officer, in 1894 with the Uhlan Regiment 2 in Tarnow, most recently major, 1924–1938 mayor in Saaz.
        2. Peter (* 1818 in Brüx), businessman in Saaz.
          1. Peter (1843–1906), kk officer, commander in Olomouc , last major, buried in the central cemetery in Brno .

literature

  • Letters from Vienna about the state of literature and the book trade in Austria . In: The German viewer . tape 8 , no. 22 . Zurich 1788, p. 34–36, 309–313, 323–325 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • Roxane Cuvay: The Technological Museum Johann Ferdinand von Schönfeld . In: Viennese history sheets . tape 38 , 1983, p. 120-136 .
  • Novel by Procházka : The cultural and historical significance of the Prague family v. Schönfeld and her clan for genealogy and heraldry . In: Archives for kin research . No. 33/34 , 1967, pp. 42-46 .
  • Ferdinand Seibt , Hans Lemberg , Helmut Slapnicka: Biographical lexicon on the history of the Bohemian countries . Ed .: Collegium Carolinum (Institute) . tape 3 . Munich 2000, ISBN 3-486-55973-7 , pp. 734-736 ( ostdok.de ).
  • Josef Volf: Šlechtictví dvorního knihtiskaře Jana Ferdinanda šl. ze Schönfeldu [The nobility of the court book printer Johann Ferdinand v. Schönfeld] . In: Časopis Společnosti přátel starožitností . tape 36 . Prague 1928, p. 28-33 .
  • Johann Baptist Witting: The Lower Austrian rural nobility, 2nd part (S-Z) . In: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . IV., 4th department Vienna 1918, p. 85 ( uni-goettingen.de [JPG]).

Web links

  • Representation of the earlier coat of arms and the coat of arms that was awarded to the nobility in 1594 - [1]
  • Civil rights book of the city of Prague, entry by the redsmith Friedrich Michael Schönfeld (* July 5, 1614, † August 23, 1693 in Prague) from August 1650 - [2]

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://raa.gf-franken.de/de/suche-nach-stammbucheintraegen.html?permaLink=1599_birckel;324
  2. ↑ Adolf Hildebrandt u. Gustav Seyler: Two thousand civil coats of arms . In: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . V., 3rd department Nuremberg 1888, p. 53 ( uni-goettingen.de ).
  3. ↑ Renate Eikelmann (Ed.): The Mohrenkopfpokal by Christoph Jamnitzer . Munich 2002, p. 105 .
  4. ^ Arnold Luschin von Ebengreuth: Austrians at Italian universities at the time of the reception of Roman law [here Kozer to Stainstrasser ] . In: Leaves of the Association for Regional Studies of Lower Austria . tape 15 . Vienna 1881, p. 83–113 , here 106 ( noel.gv.at [PDF]).
  5. ^ Continuation of the general historical lexici, other part of the concentration camp . Leipzig 1740, p. 1193 ( Digitale-sammlungen.de ).
  6. ^ Johann Jacob Weingarten: Prince mirror . Prague 1673, p. 431 ( uni-halle.de ).
  7. ↑ Carl Jahnel: From the Ore Mountains . In: Communications from the North Bohemian Excursion Club . tape 23 , no. 2 . Bohm. Leipa 1900, p. 113–146 , here 142 ( digitalniknihovna.cz ).
  8. ^ Archives: Parish St. Martin in der Mauer. Holdings: Baptism book, born 1750–1771. Document: Sheet 6. Prague City Archives. 07/20/1750. Signature: MAR N5. link
  9. ↑ Cuvay, p. 124 f .; see. in detail Volf; as well as the three diatribes: The Viennese authors versus the nobles von Schönfeld, printer and bookseller at the Kärtnerthor . Vienna 1785, urn : nbn: de: kobv: 11-d-4737052 . The Prague book printers contra Johann Ferdinand Schönfeld . Prague 1786 ( google.de ). The noble von Schönfeld defends against the Prague book printers . Prague 1786.
  10. ↑ Witting, p. 85; Procházka, p. 42; August Aesch: Materialie k slovniku umĕlců a umĕleckých řemslníků v Čechách . In: Památky archaeologické . tape 28 . Prague 1916, p. 93–121 , here 113 f. ( nkp.cz ).
  11. ^ Letters from Vienna on the state of literature and the book trade in Austria . In: The German viewer . tape 8 , no. 22 . Zurich 1788, p. 324 ( google.de ).
  12. ↑ What von Schönfeld had published in the Wiener Zeitung with great relief ( Inländische Nachrichten . In: Wiener Zeitung . No. 25 . Vienna March 28, 1787, p. 2 ( onb.ac.at ). )
  13. ^ BLKÖ: Franz Expedit von Schönfeld .
  14. ^ Elisabeth Lebensaft, Ch. Mentschl:  Schönfeld, Rudolf von (1876–1940), politician and officer. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 11, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-7001-2803-7 , p. 78.