Pygmy sedge

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Pygmy sedge
Pygmy sedge (Carex pseudocyperus)

Pygmy sedge ( Carex pseudocyperus )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Pygmy sedge
Scientific name
Carex pseudocyperus
L.

The false cypergrass sedge ( Carex pseudocyperus ) is a species of the genus of the sedges ( Carex ) within the family of the sorrel family (Cyperaceae).

description

illustration

Vegetative characteristics

The false cypergrass sedge is a wintering green, perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of about 40 to 100 centimeters. The false cypergrass sedge does not form runners and occurs in loose clumps . The above-ground parts of the plant are strikingly yellow-green in color and bare. Their stems are sharp triangular at the bottom.

The yellow-green leaves are 5 to 15 mm wide and folded twice. The basal leaf sheaths are light brown in color and partially tinged with purple. Due to the transverse nerves, the leaf often appears to be latticed and not (as is often the case with sedges) like a network of fibers.

Generative characteristics

The bracts are very long; the bottom is up to 50 centimeters long. The inflorescence is about 5 to 12 inches long and contains only one, rarely two male ears at the tip and three to six closely spaced female ears, which are usually long stalked and overhanging. Only the lowest female ear is often slightly separated. They are seven to ten times as long as they are wide. The husks of the female flowers run out into a long, clearly sawn awn. The tubes enclose three scars and are protruding or turned back, about 4 to 5.5 mm long and 1 mm wide, with a short stalk, slightly inflated and narrowed into a clearly bidentate beak.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 66.

ecology

The false cypergrass sedge is a helomorphic hydrophyte and hemicryptophyte . It reproduces vegetatively with the help of its rhizome .

The flowering time is in June and July. The pollination is carried by the wind ( anemophily ). Their buoyant diaspores are mostly spread by the water ( hydrochory ).

Occurrence

The false cypergrass sedge occurs in the temperate and subtropical regions of the world. Carex pseudocyperus is common in Europe , northern Asia, and parts of eastern North America . It occurs scattered in the Central European lowlands ; overall it is rare in Central Europe . In Switzerland it is absent in some areas. It is common in large parts of Germany , only in the Alpine regions it is rare and in the German low mountain ranges it is absent in some areas.

The heat-loving false cypergrass sedge, as evidence shows, spread in Central Europe in the Neolithic Age . Its current locations in Central Europe are remnants of what was once a larger area .

The false cypergrass sedge thrives on very moist, partly flooded large sedge areas, in reed communities and in silted areas of standing or rarely slow-flowing waters. Every now and then it occurs at the edges or clearings of alder forests. It is a character species of the Cicuto-Caricetum pesudocyperi from the association Phragmition.

The false cypergrass sedge thrives best on waterlogged, temporarily flooded and not too base-poor soils , which otherwise can be clayey or peaty . She avoids cold spots and she is only moderately sensitive to nitrogen salts .

Systematics

One can distinguish several varieties:

  • Carex pseudocyperus var. Fascicularis (Sol. Ex Hook.f.) Boott : It occurs in New Guinea in Australia and New Zealand.
  • Carex pseudocyperus var. Haenkeana (C.Presl) Kük. : It occurs in the Philippines.
  • Carex pseudocyperus var. Pseudocyperus : It occurs in the temperate and subtropical zones of the northern hemisphere and in New Zealand.

literature

  • Rudolf Schubert, Walter Vent (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 8th edition (new edition). Volume 4: Vascular Plants: Critical Volume, Gustav Fischer, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-334-60830-1 .
  • E. Foerster: Sedges, rushes, ledges and other mock grasses of grassland - a key to determining in the flowerless state. Manuscript, Kleve-Kellen March 1982.
  • Jürke Grau , Bruno P. Kremer, Bodo M. Möseler, Gerhard Rambold, Dagmar Triebel: Grasses. Sweet grasses, sour grasses, rushes and grass-like families in Europe (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). New, edit. Special edition edition. Mosaik, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10702-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Carex pseudocyperus L., Cypus sedge. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  192 .
  3. a b c d e Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex pseudocyperus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 24, 2016.
  4. a b c d Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 5 : Swan flowers to duckweed plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Web links

Commons : Cypus sedge ( Carex pseudocyperus )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files