Schutter (Kinzig)
| Schutter | ||
 Schutter spring, taken in 1904 by the Black Forest Association |
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | EN : 2348 | |
| location | Baden-Wuerttemberg , Germany | |
| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Kinzig → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | Am Hünersedel in Schweighausen 48 ° 12 ′ 41 ″ N , 8 ° 0 ′ 3 ″ E |
|
| Source height | 685 m above sea level NHN | |
| muzzle | At Kehl coordinates: 48 ° 33 '34 " N , 7 ° 51' 20" O 48 ° 33 '34 " N , 7 ° 51' 20" E |
|
| Mouth height | 137 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | 548 m | |
| Bottom slope | 9.6 ‰ | |
| length | 57 km | |
| Catchment area | 335.6 km² | |
| Discharge at the Lahr A Eo gauge : 130 km². Location: 35.8 km above the mouth |
NNQ (07/03/1976) MNQ 1970/2009 MQ 1970/2009 Mq 1970/2009 MHQ 1970/2009 HHQ (05/24/1978) |
254 l / s 446 l / s 1.4 m³ / s 10.8 l / (s km²) 27.9 m³ / s 70.4 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Runzenbach, Regelsbach, Wolfersbach, Litschentalbach, Sulzbach, Unditz | |
| Right tributaries | Prinschbach, Durenbach, Laulisgraben, Kambach, Michelbronnbach, Tretenbach, Selmenbächle, Steinbächle, Talbach, Giesen, Brudertalbach | |
| Medium-sized cities | Lahr | |
| Small towns | Seelbach | |
The Schutter is a 55 kilometer long river in Baden-Württemberg , a (left) tributary of the Kinzig .
etymology
Linguists disagree about the etymological meaning of the name “Schutter”. The word “Schutter” is probably based on the early Germanic form “scutro”, which means something like “fast flowing water”. “Scutro”, which contains the Indo-European root “sceud”, can also be interpreted in the sense of “encircling”, “damming up the water” and refers to the rubble of the plain, rich in dams and mills.
In addition to the communities of Schuttertal and Schutterwald , Schuttern , a district of Friesenheim , and Schutterzell, a district of Neuried , have the name of the river in their place names. In addition, the name of the Schutterlindenberg in Lahr is derived from the name of the river.
Source and course, tributaries
The Schutter rises in the Hünersedel ( Black Forest ) above Schweighausen at an altitude of 680 meters, but actually only arises in the village of Schweighausen from the union with two smaller streams, the Geisbergbach and the Lohbach. (Its source was taken in 1904 by the Lahr section of the Black Forest Association as "Schutterquelle".) It flows first to the west, then after an almost right-angled bend in a northerly direction through the communities of Schuttertal and Seelbach , then more and more bends to the west and flows through the urban area of Lahr. Then the Schutter leaves the Black Forest and flows north parallel to the Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain . It crosses the districts of Friesenheim, Neuried, Schutterwald, Kehl and Willstätt and flows into the Kinzig at Kehl , a few kilometers before this in turn flows into the Rhine.
At the end of the last Ice Age ( Würme Ice Age ), the Schutter flowed with other Black Forest rivers parallel to the Rhine in the Kinzig-Murg Gully, which is still recognizable today .
Larger tributaries to the Schutter are the Sulzbach and Unditz .
use
On its way through 19 cities and villages, the river has been an important source of energy for the local residents for centuries. According to the Baden hydropower cadastre from 1925, the Schutter operated no less than 36 hydropower plants with a total of 47 water wheels, 12 generator power plants with 17 turbines, including house and farm mills, customer mills, hammer forges, power stations, oil mills, barley pounders and sawmills.
The water from the Schutter was also used to irrigate meadows (water meadows). Meadow irrigation systems that can still be seen today are located in the Friesenheim-Oberschopfheim (Oberschopfheimer Allmend) district, in Hohberg-Niederschopfheim and Neuried (Unterwassermatten), Kehl-Goldscheuer (Kittersburger Weide), Willstätt-Eckartsweier (west of the village and in the Schutterwaldwiesen). The water was dammed up above mills (Schutterzeller Mühle, Dundenheimer Mühle, Kittersburger Mühle) or specially constructed water weirs (Eckartsweier) so that the water level was above the site and the water could be drained into irrigation ditches. The largest water meadows were the underwater meadows in Neuried (today a nature reserve), the watering of which was in operation for about a hundred years and was abandoned in 1935. In the 2000s, the Eckartsweier and Kittersburg meadows were reopened for ecological reasons. In the Oberschopfheimer Allmend, the meadow irrigation was also resumed in 2014.
Flood and flood protection
Again and again, for example in 1958, 1970, 1978, 1980 and 1987, flood damage caused by the rubble, during which the rubble flooded farmland and destroyed roads, bridges and houses. The Schutter Valley, Lahr and the Rhine Plain were equally affected by the Schutter flood. In addition to the many reports on the flood damage in the local council records, the “flood cross” in Schweighausen still reminds us of a flood in 1895. On June 6th, the farmer Landolin Bauer was torn away with his horse-drawn vehicle. At the scene of the accident above the "Stefisbauernhof" in the Steig, a cross was erected in honor of the victim.
In order to protect the Schutter neighboring communities in the Rhine plain from flooding in the long term, the Schutter relief canal between Lahr-Dinglingen and Nonnenweier was built by the Reich Labor Service between 1936 and 1938 . In addition, two flood retention basins were built near Lahr-Kuhbach (built from 1983 to 1985) and Seelbach-Wittelbach (built from 1989 to 1991) . For flood protection on the Niederungsschutter, the municipalities concerned founded the special purpose association for flood protection at the Schutter estuary with its seat in Kehl. From 1994 to 2007, 14 flood protection measures were carried out and sections of the Schutter were renatured.
Web links
- Map of the course and catchment area of the Schutter on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
Individual evidence
LUBW
Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of the Schutter
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )
- ↑ a b Height according to the contour line image on the background layer digital topographic map or according to the digital terrain model of the online waterway map.
- ↑ Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
- ↑ Catchment area after the layer aggregated areas 04 .
Other evidence
- ^ German Hydrological Yearbook Rhine Region, Part I 2009 State Institute for Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg, p. 87, accessed on January 22, 2016 (PDF, German, 1.85 MB).
- ↑ Zweckverband flood protection