Meadow Pasque Flower
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Meadow Pasque Flower ( Pulsatilla pratensis ) |
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| ( L. ) Mill. |
The Pasque Flower ( Pulsatilla pratensis ), also called Pasque Flower and Pasque Flower , belongs to the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). This plant species is considered endangered in Central Europe.
features
The meadow pasque flower is a perennial herbaceous plant . The entire plant is densely covered with relatively long, silky white hairs. The whorled, bract-like stem leaves are severely divided.
The meadow pasque flower forms large, nodding flowers that are up to 5 cm in diameter. The black-purple tepals are longer than the yellow to yellowish-white colored stamens . It blooms in early spring between April and May.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16 for both Central European subspecies, but the number 2n = 32 is also rare.
Distribution and location
It settles on dry sand or silicate grasslands and light pine or oak forests with a lime-rich subsoil. This plant species is a characteristic of the dry sand grassland (Festuco-Sedetalia) and grows there together with the sand carnation ( Armeria maritima subsp. Elongata ) and fescue species ( Festuca ).
The meadow pasque flower occurs in Germany only about northeast of the low mountain range . It is on the red lists in most of Germany's federal states and is particularly protected under the Federal Species Protection Ordinance (BArtSchV).
In Austria the Pasque Flower occurs in the Pannonian region in a scattered manner, otherwise very rarely. The deposits extend to the federal states of Vienna , Lower Austria , Burgenland , Styria and Lower Carinthia . The species is considered endangered, in the Alpine region and in the northern and southeastern Alpine foothills even as endangered. In at least one federal state it is under full statutory nature protection.
Subspecies
In Central Europe two subspecies can be distinguished:
- Pulsatilla pratensis subsp. pratensis : leaves with silky, shiny hairs. It occurs on lime-poor sandy soils.
- Pulsatilla pratensis subsp. nigricans (Stoerck) Zamels : leaves not shiny hairy. It occurs on calcareous sandy soils.
Other authors consider these two clans to be varieties of the species rather than subspecies.
Common names
For the meadow pasque flower the names Bitzblume ( Saxony ), Bitzwurz , Glockrose ( Mark Brandenburg ), Osterglöckchen (for the var. Montana in Tyrol near Brixen ) and small goatee are or were in use, in some cases only regionally .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 405.
- ↑ a b Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 8 (Nymphaeaceae to Ranunculaceae). Pages 90-91, Helsinki 1989. ISBN 951-9108-07-6
- ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 303 .
- ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 29, online.
literature
- Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .
Web links
- Pulsatilla pratensis. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Meadow Pasque Flower . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
