Swiss moss fern
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Swiss moss fern ( Selaginella helvetica ), illustration |
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| Selaginella helvetica | ||||||||||||
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The Swiss moss fern ( Selaginella helvetica ) is a species of moss fern ( Selaginella ). It is distributed from Europe via Asia Minor and the Caucasus to East Asia.
description
The Swiss moss fern is an evergreen, perennial herbaceous plant . He becomes 1 to 5 centimeters high, the prostrate rungs are 3 to 20 centimeters long. The flattened, dorsiventral leaf shoots are prostrate. The opposite leaves are arranged in four rows, but lie in one plane. The leaves of the two lower rows on the bottom are larger than those of the two upper rows ( anisophylly ). All leaves have entire margins and are ovate with a broad, blunt tip. They are one-nerved and have a ligula .
The sporophylls are also opposite. The sporophyll stand is upright to ascending and 3 to 6 centimeters high. It is set off from the leaf sprout by an indistinct stalk. The spore ripening is in June and July.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
ecology
The Swiss moss fern is a Chamaephyte .
Occurrence
The Swiss moss fern is widespread from Europe via Asia Minor and the Caucasus to East Asia. Only two Selaginella species are native to German-speaking countries . In Germany, the Swiss moss fern occurs only in Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria and Thuringia (Alps, Alpine foothills, Fichtel Mountains, Thuringian Forest), in Austria in all federal states. In Europe you can find it mainly in the mountains of the sub-Mediterranean zone, for example in the Alps and in the Alpine foothills, at altitudes mostly below 1000 meters, rarely up to 2100 meters, furthermore in the Carpathians, in Southeast Europe up to the Giant Mountains. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part on the ascent from Vils to Hundsarsch-Scharte up to 1050 m above sea level.
It occurs in Europe scattered or rarely from the colline to the montane altitude . The Swiss moss fern grows in gappy, mostly base-rich grasslands and dry grasslands , on partially shaded rocks and walls, also on dams and in floodplains . It occurs in societies of the Festuco-Brometea class and in those of the Caricion davallianae or Molinion associations.
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 7th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 .
- Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13th edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 .
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Swiss moss fern. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 68 .
- ^ Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (ed.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . 2nd, supplemented edition. tape 1 : General Part, Special Part (Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta): Lycopodiaceae to Plumbaginaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3322-9 .
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 101.
Web links
- Swiss moss fern. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Swiss moss fern . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Selaginella helvetica (L.) Link In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Thomas Meyer: Moosfarn data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )