Selbold-Gelnhausen

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The Counts of Selbold-Gelnhausen were a medieval noble family that can be traced back to the Kinzig Valley in Salian times .

history

The earliest mention is in connection with the founding of the Selbold monastery in 1108 by Count Dietmar von Selbold. Dietmar fell in 1115, according to other sources in 1130, in the battle of the Welfesholz . In the following years, mostly as witnesses in documents "Thidericus (comes) de Geilenhusen" (1133), "Egbertus (comes) de Geilnhusen" (1151) and "Ditmarus Gelnhusensis comes" (1158) can be proven. It is possible that a castle complex was moved into Gelnhausen soon after the monastery was founded. It is questionable whether there was an older predecessor of the Pfalz Gelnhausen . The seat of the counts is assumed to be on the hillside above Gelnhausen and has not yet been proven.

It is very likely that those named died after 1158 without male descendants. A Countess Gisela ("Gisla comitissa", without place names), mentioned only in 1217 on the occasion of a dispute over the patronage rights of the Bergkirche Niedergründau , cannot be genealogically inserted. The inheritance initially fell to the Archdiocese of Mainz , to which the counts, as multiple witnesses of documents, apparently maintained good relations. Mainz had numerous possessions in the northern Spessart and Kinzigtal valleys during this time, and the founding of the Pfalz Gelnhausen by Friedrich Barbarossa initially took place on Mainz property.

The extinction of the Counts of Selbold-Gelnhausen coincided with the end of other Salian count families in the Wetterau and the Rhine-Main area , such as the Counts of Nürings in 1175/1195 and the Counts of Bernbach in 1160. The Hohenstaufen kings used the situation to transform the Wetterau into an imperial estate . In addition to promoting the imperial city of Frankfurt am Main, this policy manifested itself through the founding of further castles and imperial cities such as Friedberg , Wetzlar and Gelnhausen . As stewards acted now more dependent on the king Edel Free as the Lords of Münzenberg or the gentlemen of Büdingen .

DITMARVS COMES OCCISVS - the slain Count Ditmar among the donor figures in Naumburg Cathedral

genealogy

The assignment of the Counts of Selbold-Gelnhausen to other noble families in the older literature was later rejected for lack of reliable sources. There is no evidence of a relationship with the Lords of Büdingen or the assumption of Gustav Simons that they inherited the Gelnhausen burgrave office from the Counts of Selbold-Gelnhausen. Wilfried Schöntag pointed out that the head names Egbert and Dietmar are also used by the Counts of Formbach ; there are no more precise sources for this origin either. There was also no relationship to the ministerial family of the Lords von Selbold , which was documented later .

In 2004, Wolfgang Hartmann presented a much-noticed thesis for the origin of the Counts of Selbold-Gelnhausen. According to this, the founder of the monastery Dietmar von Selbold is identical to Count Ditmar, who is depicted among the donor figures in Naumburg Cathedral as a fallen victim in the Battle of the Welfesholz ("DITMARVS COMES OCCISVS"). This would result in a descent of Dietmar from the Reginbodonen and a relationship with the Saargau Counts and with Archbishop Adalbert I of Mainz . His relations in the Saxon-Thuringian area were explained by the fact that his wife Adelheid, for whom he founded the Selbold Monastery, was descended from the Ludowingians .

literature

  • Karl Ernst Demandt : History of the State of Hesse , 2nd edition, Bärenreiter-Verlag , Kassel and Basel 1972, ISBN 3-7618-0404-0 , p. 158f.
  • Joachim Ehlers : On the dating of the Palatinate Gelnhausen. In: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 18, 1968, pp. 94–130.
  • Wolfgang Hartmann: From the Main to Trifels Castle - from Hirsau Monastery to Naumburg Cathedral. On the traces of the Franconian noble family of the Reginbodonen in the Middle Ages . Aschaffenburg 2004 (=  publications of the Aschaffenburg History and Art Association  52), esp. Pp. 142–148.
  • Angela Metzner: Reichslandpolitik, aristocracy and castles - studies on the Wetterau in the Staufer period. In: Büdinger Geschichtsblätter 21, 2008/2009, esp. Pp. 74–83.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Confirmation letter from Pope Paschal II to Heinrich Reimer : Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 (=  publications from the royal Prussian state archives 48) No. 70.
  2. ↑ Manfred Stimming (arrangement): Mainzer Urkundenbuch. First volume. The documents up to the death of Archbishop Adalbert I (1137) . Darmstadt 1937, reprint Darmstadt 1972, no.586.
  3. ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 (=  publications from the royal Prussian state archives 48) No. 90.
  4. ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 (=  publications from the Royal Prussian State Archives 48) No. 97.
  5. ↑ Angela Metzner: Reichslandpolitik, aristocracy and castles - studies on the Wetterau in the Staufer time. In: Büdinger Geschichtsblätter 21, 2008/2009, p. 81f.
  6. ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 (=  publications from the royal Prussian state archives 48) No. 130.
  7. ^ A b Angela Metzner: Reichslandpolitik, aristocracy and castles - investigations into the Wetterau in the Staufer time. In: Büdinger Geschichtsblätter 21, 2008/2009, pp. 323f., Footnote 509.
  8. ^ Karl Ernst Demandt: History of the State of Hesse , 2nd edition, Bärenreiter, Kassel and Basel 1972, ISBN 3-7618-0404-0 , p. 458.
  9. ↑ Gustav Simon: The history of the imperial house Ysenburg and Büdingen, second volume: The Ysenburg and Büdingen'sche house history. Frankfurt, Brönner, 1865, p. 5.
  10. ^ Wilfried Schöntag: Investigations into the history of the Archdiocese of Mainz under the Archbishops Arnold and Christian I (1153-1183). Darmstadt / Marburg 1972, p. 120.
  11. ↑ Wolfgang Hartmann: From Main to Trifels Castle - from Hirsau Monastery to Naumburg Cathedral. On the traces of the Franconian noble family of the Reginbodonen in the Middle Ages . Aschaffenburg 2004 (=  publications of the Aschaffenburg History and Art Association  52), pp. 142–148