Selbold Monastery
The Selbold Monastery is a former Premonstratensian monastery in Langenselbold .
history
founding
A document from 1108 mentions a church consecrated to John the Baptist on the grounds of the residence of Count Dietmar von Selbold-Gelnhausen above the Kinzig near "Selboldt" , at which Dietmar clerics according to the rule of St. Augustine under the direction of the priest Rabenuld intended to settle. Statues of Dietmar from the Reginbodonen family , his wife Adelheid and his son Timo are - according to Wolfgang Hartmann - among the donor figures in Naumburg Cathedral . Dietmar's relationship with the Saxon-Thuringian region (especially with Naumburg (Saale) , Camburg and (Bad) Klosterlausnitz ) came about through his wife, who probably belonged to the Ludowingers , to whom he dedicated his monastery foundation in Selbold. Pope Paschal II took the foundation under his protection.
effect
Another papal document from 1139 does not yet take a position on the question of religious affiliation, but confirms the monastery privileges, the ownership of the Peters parish in Selbold and of wineries in Eltville . The Pope expressly binds the Canons to their duty of obedience to the Archbishop of Mainz . In 1143 King Konrad II gave a tithe that had previously been refusable from the Reich to “ Luitold, the provost of the Church of John the Baptist near Selbold ”. In 1151 the foundation was mentioned under Abbot Gerhard in a document from the Archbishop of Mainz, Heinrich I, who took it under his protection. In addition to the Peters Church in Selbold, he subordinated the monastery to the churches of St. Maria and St. Peter in Gelnhausen and chapels in Mittlau , Gondsroth and Hüttengesäß . In the struggle for its independence and its influence, the monastery came under papal protection in 1158 and was excluded from the influence of the Mainz monastery Maria ad Gradus .
The statutes of the monastery committed to the rule of St. Augustine . It was initially under the paternity of the Steinfeld Abbey in the Eifel . It was later referred to as the daughter of the Prémontré monastery and occupied by Premonstratensians . The connection of Selbold to this order can be seen in succession to the foundation of the Premonstratensian monastery Wadgassen on the Saar by Gisela, a granddaughter of Count Dietmar von Selbold, and her husband, Count Friedrich von Saarbrücken , in 1135 .
At the end of the Middle Ages, the monastery was a power factor in the lower Kinzig valley, with property widely scattered as far as the Rheingau . It had spiritual sovereignty over the Konradsdorf nunnery founded in 1191 and over the Tiefenthal monastery . This had emerged from the duplication of male and female monasteries, which was initially typical for Premonstratensians, and was moved to Eltville-Rauenthal in the Rheingau in 1151 and to Meerholz in 1173 .
An indication of monastic power can be found in nearby Gelnhausen , over which the abbot von Selbold exercised archdeaconal authority. While the citizens of Gelnhausen wanted the Peters Church to be expanded, the abbot insisted on building a new church dedicated to Mary , the patron saint of the order. The abbot prevailed and had St. Mary's Church built in 1220–1238 . The imperial city did not escape the abbot's jurisdiction until 1404, when it was spun off from the Archdeaconate of Selbold and placed under the regional chapter of Roßdorf .
In 1372 the Isenburg Counts Heinrich and Johann plundered the monastery on the pretext that they had not received enough of the etching due to them, taking with them all valuables, especially the worship equipment. The archbishop of Mainz imposed the excommunication on the counts, a court sentenced her to hand over the stolen goods and to additional punishment. The matter petered out: the ban on the church robbers was lifted because of the promise of satisfaction, but the stolen goods never came back to the monastery.
The abbey district was further delimited in 1472, limited to the villages and settlements of Selbold , Baumwieserhof , Bruderdiebach (both: Langenselbold), Lindenloch (today: Wüstung ), Hüttengesäß , Wiedermus and Gründau , while the settlements in the Kinzigtal were subordinated to the Meerholz daughter monastery.
Repeal
The founding family of Count Dietmar was finally inherited by the Isenburgers through the Lords of Büdingen , also with regard to the Stiftsvogtei . In the course of the Reformation , Lutheran teaching prevailed in the Isenburg lands. The sovereigns allowed pastors and parishes to do their thing, the monks did not oppose the new doctrine and partly adopted it themselves. The fact that the monastery was looted in the course of the Peasants' War in 1525 accelerated its decline. Count Anton von Isenburg from the Ronneburg line had already committed to the new apprenticeship in the same year and established contact with Philipp Melanchthon . In early 1543 he had the monastery secularized and appropriated its property and rights. The last abbot, Konrad Jäger, renounced his rights to the Marienkirche there on February 28, 1543 in favor of the Magistrate of Gelnhausen. The end of the monastery was visibly documented by the abbot breaking the monastery seal and handing the count and the mayor half each. In return, Jäger received an annual pension of 100 guilders and a deposit in kind . He retired in Gelnhausen, where he died in 1572. The remaining ten remaining members of the convention received severance payments totaling 1,200 guilders. In 1543 only one person remained in the monastery: Konrad Höhn, the first pastor of the now Protestant community. In 1546 the monastery became a count's domain . In addition to the old parish church of St. Laurentius and St. Peter an der Gründau and the Marien-Kapelle on the Totenhof, the parish also had the former collegiate church on the Klosterberg. However, it was isolated and used less and less.
demolition
Count Wolfgang Ernst III. von Isenburg-Birstein commissioned the building director of the Hanau Counts , Christian Ludwig Hermann , to build a representative castle and a new church for his second-born son on the former monastery grounds. From 1725 the former monastery buildings were torn down and the area for the new Langenselbold Castle was marked out. On May 23, 1727 the foundation stone was laid for the new church on the hillside of the monastery hill, which was inaugurated on September 7, 1735. The new church was not so much a court church as a parish church, but had a stately status. The church on the Klosterberg is now the Protestant parish church of Langenselbold. The two castle buildings and the ancillary buildings were acquired by the political municipality of Langenselbold in the 20th century and today they house their city administration, among other things.
literature
- Rainer Haas: Brief Church History of Langenselbold. Verlag Traugott Bautz, Nordhausen 2010, ISBN 978-3-88309-592-9 .
- Christof Krauskopf: Langenselbold, Main-Kinzig-Kreis - Klosterberg. Archaeological investigations in 1982 in the area of the former Selbold Abbey. State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hessen : Archaeological Monuments in Hessen 37, Wiesbaden 1983, ISBN 3-89822-037-0 .
- Hans Philippi : Territorial history of the county of Büdingen. Writings of the Hessian Office for Historical Regional Studies 23 , Elwert, Marburg 1954, pp. 73–76.
- Magistrate of the city of Langenselbold: 875 years of Langenselbold. Langenselbold 1983.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wolfgang Hartmann: From Main to Trifels Castle - from Hirsau Monastery to Naumburg Cathedral. On the traces of the Franconian noble family of the Reginbodonen in the Middle Ages . Publications of the History and Art Association Aschaffenburg eV 52. Aschaffenburg 2004.
- ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 (= publications from the royal Prussian state archives 48) No. 70.
- ↑ History of the Church ( Memento of the original from November 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage of the parish.
Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ 26.8 ″ N , 9 ° 2 ′ 15 ″ E