Selbold (noble family)

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Coat of arms of Henry III. von Selbold in the Salbuch of the Naumburg Monastery .
Epitaph of the Mainz vice dome Heinrich V. von Selbold in the Mainz cathedral.

The Lords of Selbold were a noble family who named themselves after what is now Langenselbold . Their property was mainly in the Kinzig valley and the eastern Wetterau .

history

The Lords of Selbold are to be distinguished from the Counts of Selbold-Gelnhausen , the founders of the Selbold Monastery . In the 12th century they owned allodies in the Kinzig valley , which after their extinction largely fell to the Lords of Büdingen and later to the County of Isenburg . The later Lords of Selbold came as Reichsministeriale from the service aristocracy of the Staufer period , accordingly their origins have not been passed down. In general, it can be noted that the lower aristocrats of the region, who named themselves like the Lords of Selbold after their places of residence, are mostly located in the old settlements of the Wetterau or the Kinzig valley. A head office is presumed to be in Langenselbold and is documented several times as curtis . Perhaps it was near today's castle mill or in the center of the village. It was probably not heavily fortified.

The first verifiable member of the Selbold family is Arnold von Selbold , canon in Worms , who is mentioned between 1200 and 1208 in three documents that have not been preserved in the vicinity of Bishop Leopold II of Schönfeld . In August 1217, in a document issued by Frederick II in Fulda on the occasion of a dispute over the patronage rights of the church in Gründau , the knights Siegfried and Heinrich von Selbold are named.

In 1220 Heinrich von Selbold appears in a document in the retinue of Friedberg Burgrave Eberwin von Kransberg . The acquisition of a castle loan in the Reichsburg Friedberg was a befitting and prestigious activity for many of the region's lower nobility. The von Selbold family provided several castle men and two builders in the history of the burgraviate .

In the wake of the Lords of Büdingen and the Isenburgers as their successors, the Selbolders also placed Burgmannen in Büdingen Castle . In the 14th century there seems to have been a break with the Ysenburg house, because a move from the Langenselbold headquarters can be determined and since that time no more Selbolders have appeared in Ysenburg services. Since that time, they have increasingly been traced in the wake of other larger territorial lords such as the Lords and Counts of Hanau . In 1477 they received a moated castle in the center of Bad Nauheim as a Hanau fief. A Selbold coat of arms stone from 1572 has been preserved in a younger building. Another branch of the family existed in the imperial city of Gelnhausen with the nickname "Im Steinhaus".

In the Kronberg feud in 1389, the nobleman Bechthold von Selbold fought as a mercenary on the Frankfurt side. He was captured in the battle of Eschborn and had to be released by the city.

The last male member of the family was Heinrich (V) von Selbold, who made a career in the service of the Archdiocese of Mainz . He owed this to a close relationship to the Brendel von Homburg family and was particularly encouraged by Archbishop Daniel Brendel von Homburg . In 1572 it is called the Mainz Vizedom . His coat of arms is incorporated into the framework of the former town hall in Mainz-Bretzenheim , which was built in 1575 . His magnificent tomb is preserved in the cloister of the Mainz Cathedral . When he died in 1578, his fiefdom fell to his sister Katharina von Rheinberg. It was last documented in 1597.

coat of arms

Two slanting silver bars in blue, the upper one of which is cut out three times with a lily cut. The outer left cutout is lost on the edge of the shield. The helmet covers are blue and silver, the helmet ornament is a bracke that occurs in many aristocratic families in the region, including the rogue von Bergen , the lords of Heusenstamm , von Ovenbach, von Rückingen and von Rüdigheim . The Lords of Hagen a whole animal is occupied. The accumulation of these crests in regional aristocratic families is occasionally attributed to an activity in the Reichsforst Dreieich .

literature

  • Heinrich Bingemer: The Frankfurt coat of arms booklet. 2nd edition, Kramer, Frankfurt 1987, ISBN 3-7829-0348-X , p. 35 plate 30.
  • Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New General German Adels Lexicon , Volume 8, 1868; Reprint 1996, ISBN 3-89557-020-6 , pp. 457f.
  • Hans Philippi : Territorial history of the county of Büdingen. Writings of the Hessian Office for Historical Regional Studies 23 , Elwert, Marburg 1954, esp. Pp. 85–89.
  • Michael Zieg: The Selbolder - History of a Friedberg Burgmann family in the years 1200–1578. Publishing house Dr. Kovač, Hamburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-8300-3234-2 ( Writings on Medieval Studies 11 = Wetterauer Geschichtsblätter 57 ), pp. 1–354.
  • Michael Zieg: The “von Selbold / Im Steinhaus” family in Gelnhausen - knights, citizens, mercenaries. A journey through 200 years of imperial city history. In: Gelnhäuser Geschichtsblätter 2011, pp. 61–233.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Zieg: The Selbolder - History of Friedberger Burgmann family in the years 1200-1578. Hamburg 2007, p. 12.
  2. ↑ Michael Zieg: The Selbolder - History of Friedberger Burgmann family in the years 1200-1578. Hamburg 2007, pp. 14-16.
  3. ↑ Michael Zieg: The Selbolder - History of Friedberger Burgmann family in the years 1200-1578. Hamburg 2007, p. 7f with further sources.
  4. ^ Regesta Imperii Friedrich II. V, 1.1 n. 915f .; Heinrich Reimer : Hessisches Urkundenbuch, Section 2, document book on the history of the gentlemen of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 (publications from the royal Prussian state archives 48) No. 131 and 132.
  5. ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch, section 2, document book on the history of the gentlemen of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 (publications from the royal Prussian state archives 48) No. 141–143.
  6. ↑ Thomas Schilp: The Reichsburg Friedberg in the Middle Ages. Studies of their constitution, administration and politics. Friedberg 1982, pp. 56-59 and 61.
  7. ↑ Henry III. von Selbold 1515/16: Michael Zieg: The Selbolder - History of a Friedberg Burgmann family in the years 1200–1578. Hamburg 2007, pp. 245-247; Johann von Selbold, Unterburggraf 1535, master builder 1539–, ibid p. 258–263.
  8. ^ Hans Philippi: Territorial history of the county of Büdingen. Elwert, Marburg 1954 ( Writings of the Hessian Office for Historical Regional Studies 23 ), pp. 85–89.
  9. ↑ Michael Zieg: The Selbolder - History of Friedberger Burgmann family in the years 1200-1578. Hamburg 2007, p. 283f.
  10. ^ Nauheim Castle. Castles, palaces, mansions. (As of September 27, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  11. ↑ Michael Zieg: The family "von Selbold / Im Steinhaus" in Gelnhausen - knights, citizens, mercenaries. A journey through 200 years of imperial city history. In: Gelnhäuser Geschichtsblätter 2011, pp. 61–233.
  12. ↑ Michael Zieg: The Selbolder - History of Friedberger Burgmann family in the years 1200-1578. Hamburg 2007, pp. 108-120.
  13. ^ Regionalgeschichte.net
  14. ↑ Heinz F. Friederichs: On the early history of the ministerial families of Bergen and Schelm von Bergen . Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 18, 1962, p. 15f.