Transmitter Berlin-Britz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Transmitter Berlin-Britz
Image of the object
Transmitter in June 2007, right mast dismantled in November 2012
Basic data
Place: Berlin-Britz
Country: Berlin
Country: Germany
Altitude : 43  m above sea level NHN
Coordinates: 52 ° 26 ′ 53.5 "  N , 13 ° 25 ′ 51.6"  E
Use: Broadcasting station
Owner : Germany radio
Demolition : 2016
Data on the transmission system
Tower / mast 1
Height: 160 m
Construction time: March 1947
Operating time: 1949-2012
Transmitter conversion: 2001
Transmitter shutdown: 19th September 2012


Tower / mast 2
Height: 146 m
Construction time: 1961
Operating time: 1961-2012
Transmitter conversion: 2001
Transmitter shutdown: 19th September 2012
Wavebands : AM stations , KW stations , FM stations
Radio : MW broadcast , KW broadcast , VHF broadcast
Send type: DRM
Position map
Transmitter Berlin-Britz (Berlin)
Transmitter Berlin-Britz
Transmitter Berlin-Britz
Localization of Berlin in Germany
Height diagram of the transmission masts of the medium wave transmitters of Deutschlandradio Kultur compared to the long wave transmitter Zehlendorf

The transmitter Berlin-Britz was the most important broadcasting facility of the former RIAS . It was founded in 1946 on the site of a former tree nursery .

The last remaining 160 meter high transmission mast was blown up on July 18, 2015 at 2 p.m.

history

An 800- watt transmitter placed on the back of a US military truck was in use until 1947 . The transmitting antenna was a T-antenna stretched between 2.30 meters high wooden masts . In March 1947 this T antenna was replaced by a 60 meter high self-radiating lattice mast , which was raised to 100 meters in June 1947 after the " Lili-Marleen transmitter" - a mobile soldier's transmitter from World War II  - was available. In 1949, during the Berlin blockade, the first 100-kilowatt transmitter was installed for the Britz transmitter, and shortly thereafter the transmitter mast was replaced by a new transmitter mast of the same height. The dismantled transmission mast was rebuilt in Hof .

In 1953, the system received the first 300-kilowatt transmitter in Germany, which was built by Telefunken . In 1978 the first transmitter was put into operation, the output stage of which was adapted according to the principle of dynamic amplitude modulation . In 1988, the first fully transistorized large- scale transmitter with an output of 100 kW for the frequency 855 kHz went into operation.

In 1954 the first transmitting antenna for shortwave in the form of a horizontal folding dipole was installed on the station premises . Since this antenna later no longer met the requirements, a kinked full-wave dipole antenna was built in 1983.

After the commissioning of a second medium-wave transmitter , the later north-west mast was dismantled in 1961 and rebuilt a little further west, at a distance of 88 meters from the south-east mast. This happened at the time, because for the second frequency directional radiation with a minimum to the Balkans was necessary in order not to interfere with transmitters located there.

Until 1978 the reception performance of the RIAS was massively reduced by jammers from the former GDR . To counteract this, a steep-beam antenna for the frequency 990  kilohertz (kHz) in the form of a crossed dipole was built in 1978 , which was attached to five grounded, rope-anchored tubular steel masts, each 30.5 meters high, through which a signal steeply at night with circular polarization into the ionosphere with a power of 300 kilowatts (kW), while the 160 meter high mast served as an antenna during the day.

The guys , which until then had been subdivided by insulators , were replaced in 1983 by continuous guys who are grounded via chokes on the guy foundations . In 2004 the guys were exchanged again.

In 1995 the steep beam antenna had to be shut down. The power of the two medium-wave transmitters, which after the dissolution of the RIAS at the end of 1993, broadcast the Deutschlandradios program , were reduced to 100 kW for 990 kHz and 25 kW for 855 kHz. A little later, the transmitter for 855 kHz was used for DRM test broadcasts and from 2001 for the DRM planned operation - apart from exceptions for the transmission of important sporting events. On December 22, 2004, one of the new guys tore in the lowest level of the 160-meter mast, which led to a transmitter failure at 990 kHz for several days.

Current situation

The 100-kilowatt transmitter installed in 1949 was in operation until the mid-1980s and has been in the German Museum of Technology (then: Museum of Transport and Technology) since 1993 .

Of the two transmission masts, which were both isolated from earth and operated as self-radiating transmission masts, none exist today. They had been increased several times in the past and most recently had a height of 146 meters (south-east mast) and 160 meters (north-west mast). The RIAS ' cross dipole antenna was in operation until 1995. After that it had to be shut down for EMC reasons. However, she remained on the station premises until 2004. After the shortwave transmitter (6005 kHz) was badly damaged by a fire in the late summer of 2007, it was decided not to use it any more because the repair costs seemed too high.

The frequency 6190 kHz was - since Deutsche Welle discontinued its German-language radio program at the end of October 2011 - the last shortwave frequency from Germany, Austria and Switzerland that broadcast a German-language program around the clock with Deutschlandfunk . On this shortwave frequency in the 49-meter band, Deutschlandfunk faded in a sea ​​weather report four times a day (at 1:05, 6:40, 11:05 and 21:05 local time) into the current program. The system failed at the end of April 2012 and was no longer commissioned due to the high costs that would have been incurred for the repair. At the end of May 2012, Deutschlandfunk confirmed the end of broadcasting operations.

On the morning of September 19, 2012, Deutschlandradio ended the digital medium wave broadcasts from Berlin-Britz. The 146 meter high mast, which was erected in 1949 and which broadcast these digital programs, was dismantled from November 5 to 8, 2012, apparently with the help of a corresponding truck crane.

The VHF frequency was relocated to the Berlin television tower on November 29, 2012 at 9:59 am; from Berlin-Britz only transmitted the medium wave frequency 990 kHz, which was also shut down on September 4, 2013 at 11:38 a.m. for cost reasons.

The transmitter mast was blown up on July 18, 2015 at 2 p.m. The commissioned company TVF Altwert ( Alba Group ) has blown four guy ropes (“guys”) in the eastern row of guys . The two remaining rows of guys then pulled the mast west onto a green area. The mast was cut up and removed. Parts of the copper grounding network are still being removed from the ground. Deutschlandradio will completely give up the location in 2016 [obsolete] .

Former transmission frequencies

Analog radio (MW)

shut down
Station name frequency ERP comment
Deutschlandradio Kultur 990 kHz 100 kW shut down on September 4, 2013

Analog radio (KW)

shut down
Station name frequency ERP comment
Deutschlandradio Kultur 6005 kHz 100 kW inactive since September 2007 due to a fire at the station
Deutschlandfunk 6190 kHz 017 kW shut down since April 2012 due to an amplifier failure

Analog radio (VHF)

shut down
Station name frequency ERP comment
Deutschlandradio Kultur 89.6 MHz 100 kW relocated to the Berlin TV tower on November 29, 2012

Digital radio (MW in DRM )

shut down
Station name frequency ERP comment
Simulcast two digital audio streams : 855 kHz 25 kW switched off since September 19, 2012

literature

  • Harald Lutz: radio transmission systems. Radio towers, masts, antennas . vth-Verlag, Baden-Baden 2005, ISBN 3-88180-645-8 , p. 26-31 .
  • Gerd Klawitter: 100 years of radio technology in Germany . Verlag für Wissenschaft und Technik, Berlin 1997, DNB  963178911 , OCLC 57595935 , p. 185-192 .
  • Dirk Halbedl: The transmitter Britz - Insights into the RIAS Berlin Deutschlandradio broadcasting station . halbedl.de, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-00-046051-7 , p. 98 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ demolition of the former RIAS Sendemastes Berlin-Britz on Infosat.de
  2. ↑ Former RIAS transmitter mast in Britz is to be blown up . Berliner Morgenpost , July 10, 2015, archived from the original on August 9, 2015 .;
  3. ↑ Adieu, DW: A broadcast giant switches off . DXaktuell.de, October 28, 2011
  4. ↑ Historic Deutschlandfunk shortwave is not switched on again. DXaktuell.de, May 29, 2012
  5. ↑ The transmission mast in Berlin-Britz is being torn down . dxaktuell.de
  6. ↑ Kai Ludwig: Mast dismantling in Berlin-Britz. (No longer available online.) October 31, 2012, archived from the original on June 28, 2013 ; accessed on January 27, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.radioeins.de
  7. ^ Daniel Kähler: Deutschlandradio has the transmission mast in Berlin-Britz demolished. radioszene.de, October 16, 2012
  8. ^ Kai Ludwig: Transmitter Berlin-Britz switched off. (No longer available online.) September 4, 2013, formerly in the original ; accessed on January 27, 2018 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.radioeins.de
  9. ↑ Send failures via FM in Berlin . dradio.de
  10. ↑ Britz is no longer making waves. In: Der Tagesspiegel , September 5, 2013
  11. ↑ Demolition of the former transmission mast