Senna artemisioides

Senna artemisioides
	Senna artemisioides subsp. quadrifolia
Systematics
Order :	Fabales (Fabales)
Family :	Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily :	Carob family (Caesalpinioideae)
Tribe :	Cassieae
Genre :	Senna
Type :	Senna artemisioides
Scientific name
	Senna artemisioides
	( Gaudich. Ex DC. ) Randell

Senna artemisioides is a plant from the genus Senna within the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). It iswidespreadin Australia in all states and territories with the exception of Victoria , where it is called Silver Cassia or Feathery Cassia , although in English "Cassia" otherwiserefers tothe larger-growing species of the Cassieae tribe.

description

Flowers in detail

Legume from Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla

Vegetative characteristics

Senna artemisioides grows as an evergreen, upright shrub that reaches heights of 2 to, rarely up to 3 meters. Its vegetative aboveground plant parts and the inflorescence axes are sparsely to densely downy, hairy white ( indument ).

The alternate leaves arranged on the branches are divided into petioles and leaf blades and a total of 3 to 6 cm long. The petiole is 6 to 15 mm long. The pinnate leaf blade consists of three to eight pairs of leaflets that are 6 to 10 mm apart. The gray-green or silvery leaflets are 15 to 25, rarely up to 40 mm in length and 0.2 to 0.3 to about 1 mm in diameter, petiolate, narrow-cylindrical, grooved on the upper side or slightly rolled up with a pointed or blunt upper end. Between the lowest pairs of leaflets there are one to three sessile, flat glands. The early falling stipules are needle-shaped.

Generative characteristics

In the uppermost leaf axils, on 5 to 40 mm long inflorescence shafts, there are almost dold-like inflorescences , each containing four to twelve flowers. The bracts fall off more or less early. The flower stalk is 5 to 25 mm long.

The hermaphroditic, bare flowers are only slightly zygomorphic with a diameter of about 1.5 centimeters and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are obovate. The five free, bright yellow petals are 7 to 10 mm long. There are ten fertile stamens . The almost identical, free stamens are about 1 mm long, with the lower three about 2 mm long. The almost identical anthers are 4 to 5 mm long. The short stylus ends in a tiny scar.

The straight, flat legume, which is brown when ripe, is 4 to 8 centimeters long and 6 to 10 mm wide. The seeds are dull.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28, 42 or 56.

Branch with leaves and flowers of Senna artemisioides subsp. artemisioides

Leaves of Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii

Leaves of Senna artemisioides subsp. petiolaris

Leaves of Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla

Systematics

The first description was under the name ( Basionym ) Cassia artemisioides Gaudich. ex DC. 1825 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré in Augustin Pyramus de Candolle (editor): Leguminosae. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis , 2. S. 495. The new combination to Senna artemisioides was 1989 by Barbara Rae Randell Randell in Revision of Cassiinae in Australia , 2. Senna Miller sect. Psilorhegma (J. Vogel) Irwin & Barneby. Published in Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens , Volume 12, No. 2, p. 220. Senna artemisioides (Gaudich. Ex DC.) Isely ex DC. , a name published in 1998 by Duane Isely in Native and Naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States , p. 44, is sometimes cited. Other synonyms for Senna artemisioides (Gaudich. Ex DC.) Randell are: Cassia eremophila sensu auct. non bird , Cassia helmsii Symon , Cassia oligophylla F.Muell. , Cassia sturtii R.Br. The name Cassia eremophila auct. is not published because Cassia eremophila A.Cunn. ex J.Vogel was previously given to another species and was published in 1837 by Julius Rudolph Theodor Vogel .

A large number of formerly independent species are (temporarily) listed as subspecies of Senna artemisioides depending on the author , for example:

Senna artemisioides subsp. Alicia Randell
Senna artemisioides (Gaudich. Ex DC.) Randell subsp. artemisioides
Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia Randell
Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii (Symon) Randell (Syn .: Cassia helmsii Symon )
Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla (F.Muell.) Randell (Syn .: Cassia oligophylla F.Muell. )
Senna artemisioides subsp. petiolaris Randell (Syn .: Cassia eremophila var. platypoda (R.Br.) Benth. , Cassia phyllodinea R.Br. )
Senna artemisioides subsp. quadrifolia Randell ( Senna quadrifolia Burm , synonym for Chamaecrista absus )
Senna artemisioides subsp. sturtii (R.Br.) Randell
Senna artemisioides subsp. zygophylla (Benth.) Randell (Syn .: Cassia eremophila var. zygophylla (Benth.) Benth. , Cassia zygophylla Benth. )

Some hybridogenic subspecies have also been named:

nothosubsp. × artemisioides
subsp. × coriacea (Benth.) Randell
Senna artemisioides nothosubsp. × coriacea (Benth.) Randell (Syn .: Cassia eremophila Benth. Orth. Var., Cassia eremophila var. Coriacea (Benth.) Symon , Cassia nemophila A. Cunn . Ex Vogel orth. Var., Cassia sturtii var. Coriacea Benth . ; Cassia coriacea Benth. Is a synonym for Chamaecrista coriacea )
Senna artemisioides nothosubsp. × sturtii (R.Br.) Randell

In addition, there are obviously at least two undescribed taxa :

Senna artemisioides " James Range (PLLatz 18528)"
Senna artemisioides " Kuyunba (B.Pitts 113)"

Overall, Senna artemisioides can perhaps best be viewed as a form taxon , the phylogenetic diversity of which is still largely unexplained.

use

Varieties of Senna artemisioides are used as ornamental plants . Senna artemisioides is grown in parks and gardens in the subtropics to the tropics. It does best in drier areas in full sun with well-drained soil . They are usually propagated from seeds after treatment with hot water. There is also a vegetative propagation via cuttings. It is also used in winter gardens .