Syrian hammock
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The drug of sideritis syriaca |
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| Sideritis syriaca | ||||||||||||
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The Syrian member herb ( Sideritis syriaca ) is a plant from the family of the mint (Lamiaceae). This species has a disjoint area with a subspecies in Crete and one in Turkey and Syria. It is used as a tea.
description
The Syrian limb is a sparsely branched plant with a woody base . It reaches a height of 30 to 50 centimeters. Their hair is glandless. The leaves, which are densely hairy with white wool, are arranged opposite one another on the stem. The lower leaves are stalked 0.5 to 1 centimeter long with 2 to 3.5 centimeters long, elliptical to oblong-obverse-shaped , entire or finely notched leaf blades. The upper leaves are almost sessile with a narrow, elliptical-elongated, 1 to 5 centimeter long leaf blade.
The three to ten phantom whorls are all spaced apart and each contain six to ten flowers. The middle bracts are 7 to 15 millimeters long, broadly ovate, drawn out into a 3 to 6 millimeter long tip, white woolly, glandless, as long as the flowers or slightly shorter. The calyx is 6 to 9 millimeters long, with 3 to 4 millimeters long, linear-lanceolate , pointed teeth. The crown is 8 to 12 millimeters long, light yellow, without brown stripes on the upper lip.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32 + 2B.
Systematics
Sideritis syriaca belongs to the Empedoclia section within the genus Sideritis .
The Syrian hilt ( Sideritis syriaca ) is divided into two subspecies:
- Sideritis syriaca L. subsp. syriaca : the characteristics are as described for the species. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.
- Sideritis syriaca subsp. nusairiensis (Post) Hub.-Mor. , differs from the nominotypical subspecies in that it is slightly more branched, 2 millimeters long, lanceolate-triangular calyx teeth and brown-striped crown. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32 with sometimes up to 3 B chromosomes.
Closely related are those in z. B. Sideritis raeseri Boiss taxa included in Flora Europaea but treated separately in more recent flora works . & Hero. (Western Balkan Peninsula ), Sideritis italica (Miller) Greuter & Burdet (= Sideritis sicula Ucria ) ( Italy , Sicily ) and Sideritis taurica Willd. ( Crimea , Bulgaria , Northern Anatolia ). The name is also used officially in a broad sense.
The factually incorrect botanical name of the Syrian limb goes back to Caspar Bauhin , who named this species Pilosella syriaca in his 1623 work " Pinax theatri botanici " . This specific epithet , based on tradition, was retained by Carl von Linné in the first publication in Species Plantarum , although he specifies "Habitat in Creta" as the distribution information. The Sideritis cretica described on the same page was erroneously assigned to Crete by Linnaeus ; she is a resident of the Canary Island of Tenerife . Sideritis nusairiensis Post was described as a separate species in 1893 and only classified as Sideritis syriaca in 1978 .
distribution
The two subspecies of Sideritis syriaca are disjointly distributed: Sideritis syriaca subsp. Despite its name, syriaca is endemic to the island of Crete , relatively common in the Lefka Ori and Psiloritis mountains , rarely on Afendis Kavousi , absent in Dikti . Habitat are the Phrygana of the montane and the hedgehog cushion heaths of the subalpine altitude level , at altitudes of 1000 to 2000 meters.
Sideritis syriaca subsp. nusairiensis (Post) Hub.-Mor. is also a mountain plant and is endemic to the Nurgebirge (= Amanus) at altitudes of 1200 to 2100 meters on rocky limestone slopes. This subspecies occurs in Turkey in the provinces Hatay , Adana and Gaziantep , in Syria in the Governorate of Latakia .
use
Like other species from the Empedoclia section , the Syrian hilt is valued as a tea plant. It is sold in Crete as "Malotira" or as "Cretan mountain tea". For the tea infusion , the already lignified inflorescences are collected and dried. It is often drunk as a house tea and has a pleasant, mild taste. The Syrian limb is not cultivated on a large scale in Crete and is impaired or endangered by commercial gathering.
With Sideritis syriaca is related Sideritis clandestina , who as Greek mountain tea isolated is also offered in Central Europe.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Claus Baden: Sideritis L. In: Arne Strid, Kit Tan (Ed.): Mountain Flora of Greece. Volume Two . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1991, ISBN 0-7486-0207-0 , pp. 85 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Sideritis syriaca at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Bertrand de Montmollin: Étude cytotaxonomique de la flore endémique de la Crète. I. Note préliminaire. In: Bulletin de la Société Neuchâteloise des Sciences Naturelles. Volume 105, 1982, pp. 65-77.
- ↑ a b c d Arthur Huber-Morath: Sideritis . In: Peter Hadland Davis (Ed.): Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 7 (Orobanchaceae to Rubiaceae) . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1982, ISBN 0-85224-396-0 , pp. 178-199 .
- ↑ Martin Esra, Hayri Duman, Fatma Ünal: Karyological studies on section Empedoclia of Sideritis (Lamiaceae) from Turkey. In: Caryologia. Volume 62, No. 3, 2009, pp. 180-197, PDF file. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Vernon H. Heywood: Sideritis L. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1972, ISBN 0-521-08489-X , pp. 142 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Werner Greuter, Hervé-Maurice Burdet, Guy Long (eds.): Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 3: Dicotyledones (Convolvulaceae - Labiatae) . Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Genève 1986, ISBN 2-8277-0153-7 , p. 346-353 . , (online) .
- ↑ Fabio Conti, Giovanna Abbate, Alessandro Alessandrini, Carlo Blasi (Eds.): An annotated checklist of the Italian vascular flora. Palombi, Roma 2005, ISBN 88-7621-458-5 , p. 165 (PDF, 9 MB) .
- ↑ a b Ralf Jahn, Peter Schönfelder: Excursion flora for Crete . With contributions by Alfred Mayer and Martin Scheuerer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3478-0 , p. 259 .
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 574, digitized .
- ↑ Isaac Izquierdo, José Luis Martín, Nieves Zurita, Manuel Arechavaleta (eds.): Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias - Hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. Consejería de Médio Ambiente y Ordenación Territorial, Gobierno de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Islas Canarias 2004, ISBN 84-89729-23-9 , p. 128 (PDF, 23.2 MB) ( Memento of the original from 12 December 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ George Edward Post: Plantae Postianae. Fasciculus V. In: Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier. Volume 1, No. 1, 1893, p. 29, digitized .
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Sideritis syriaca. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 11, 2019.
- ^ Paul Mouterde: Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie. Volume 3, No. 1-4, Dar el-Machreq, Beirut 1978-1983, p. 125.
- ↑ Antonis Alibertis: Healing, aromatic and edible plants of Crete. Mystis, Heraklion 2007, ISBN 978-960-6655-20-3 , p. 147.
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