Siliquamomum
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Siliquamomum is a genus fromthe ginger family (Zingiberaceae). The four or so species arenativeto Southeast Asia.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Siliquamomum species are perennial herbaceous plants that can reach heights of up to 2 meters. They form a branched rhizome as a permanent organ. From each rhizome there are several clump-forming , upright shoot axes or "pseudostems" which have no leaves at the base.
Depending on the species, between 3 and 13 leaves are formed per stem. These are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The petiole can also be inconspicuous. The simple leaf blades are elliptical to ovate and ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong in shape.
Generative characteristics
At the end, on an inflorescence stem enclosed by the leaf sheaths, there is a thyrsus- like or racemose inflorescence in which some flowers are close together. The bracts at the base of the inflorescence are boat-shaped and fall off after a short time. The bracts of the fertile flowers are strongly formed back or can also be missing completely. Cover sheets are missing.
The hermaphroditic flowers are zygomorphic and threefold with double perianths and stand on a long flower stalk. The three sepals are tubular to barrel-shaped fused together and split on one side. The three petals are fused to form a corolla tube with three corolla lobes. Only the middle stamen of the inner circle is fertile . The staminodes of the inner circle are fused to form a circular over ovoid to obovate labellum with a dark green spot in the middle. The lateral staminodes are partially fused with the labellum. Three carpels have grown together to form a three- chamber ovary. The stylus is fused with the corolla tube and ends in a scar .
The capsule fruits contain many seeds.
Locations
The species of the genus Siliquamomum thrive in damp and shady locations in the undergrowth of mountain forests.
Systematics and distribution
The first description of the genus Siliquamomum place in the year 1895 by Henri Ernest Baillon in Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris , No. 2, page 1193. She was up to the first description of Siliquamomum Oreodoxa in 2010 only one way tonkinense Siliquamomum assigned. So it was considered monotypical for more than 110 years .
The genus Siliquamomum has an unclear position (incertae sedis) in the subfamily Alpinioideae within the family Zingiberaceae . One by Kress et al. Study carried out in 2002 on the phylogenesis of the ginger family could not classify the genus in any of the two tribe of the subfamily Alpinioideae ( Alpinieae and Riedelieae ). Kress et al. In 2005, Siliquamomum again classified as a sister taxon to the Alpinieae.
The distribution area is Southeast Asia . It includes Vietnam and southern China .
The genus Siliquamomum contains four species (as of 2017):
- Siliquamomum alcicorne Škorničk. & Trần H.Đ. : It occurs in central Vietnam.
- Siliquamomum oreodoxa N.S. Lý & Škorničk. : It occurs in southern Vietnam.
- Siliquamomum tonkinense Baill. : It occurs in southeastern Yunnan and northern Vietnam.
- Siliquamomum phamhoangii Luu & H.Đ. Trần : It occurs in southern Vietnam.
swell
- Delin Wu, Kai Larsen: Zingiberaceae . Siliquamomum. In: Wu Zheng-Yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae. Volume 24. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, Siliquamomum tonkinense , p. 377 (English, " Siliquamomum - Online " - this work is online with the same text). (Sections Description, Occurrence and Systematics)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Lưu Hồng Trường, Trần Hữu Đăng, Trần Ngọc Toàn, Nguyễn Văn Hoan & Phạm Ngọc Bình: Siliquamomum phamhoangii, a new species of Zingiberaceae from the Central Highlands, Vietnam . In: Phytotaxa . tape 314 , no. 1 . Magnolia Press, 2017, ISSN 1179-3163 , pp. 135-139 , doi : 10.11646 / phytotaxa.314.1.14 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Delin Wu, Kai Larsen: Zingiberaceae . Siliquamomum. In: Wu Zheng-Yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae. Volume 24. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, Siliquamomum tonkinense , p. 377 (English, " Siliquamomum - Online " - this work is online with the same text). (Sections Description, Occurrence and Systematics)
- ↑ a b c NS Lý, S. Hul & J. Leong-Škorničková: Siliquamomum oreodoxa (Zingiberaceae): a New Species from Southern Vietnam . In: Garden's Bulletin Singapore . tape 61 , no. 2 , 2010, p. 119–128 ( gov.sg [PDF; 3.5 MB ; accessed on May 17, 2018]).
- ↑ J. Leong-Škorničková, H. Đ. Trần, QB Nguyễn & O. Šída: Siliquamomum alcicorne (Zingiberaceae: Alpinioideae), a new species from central Vietnam . In: Garden's Bulletin Singapore . tape 66 , no. 1 , 2014, p. 39–46 ( gov.sg [PDF; 495 kB ; accessed on May 22, 2018]).
- ↑ Siliquamomum at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on May 29, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Siliquamomum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 29, 2018.