Siméon-François Berneux
| Siméon-François Berneux | |
|---|---|
 Painting from 1870 |
|
| Born | May 14, 1814 ( Château-du-Loir in the Sarthe department ) |
| Deceased | March 8, 1866 ( Seoul ) |
| beatification | October 6, 1968 by Pope Paul VI. |
| canonization | May 6, 1984 by Pope John Paul II. |
| Holiday | March 7th and September 20th along with the 103 Korean martyrs |
Siméon-François Berneux (born May 14, 1814 in Château-du-Loir in the Sarthe department , † March 8, 1866 in Saenamteo , Seoul ) was a French missionary in Asia and a member of the Paris Mission . He is a saint of the Catholic Church. He was executed in Seoul. His death was the cause of the French campaign in the same year.
| Siméon-François Berneux | |
|---|---|
| Korean alphabet : | 장경일 |
| Hanja : | 張敬 一 |
| Revised Romanization : | Jang Gyeong-il |
| McCune-Reischauer : | Chang Kyŏngil |
Life
Siméon-François Berneux joined the Paris mission at the age of 17 and from 1843 he attended the Le Mans seminar to complete his studies. On May 20, 1837, he was ordained a priest for the French Mission and in October 1838 was appointed Professor of Theology at the Mission Seminary.
Berneux left Le Havre on February 12, 1840 and reached Anyer on Java on May 31. He spent the summer in Manila and then sailed to Macau . In January 1841 he sailed on to Tonkin . He was arrested in Vietnam and taken to Huế for trial . He arrived there on May 28th. In 1842 he was sentenced to death for proselytism . The sentence was suspended indefinitely. He was released on March 12, 1843 and traveled back to France. He received permission to return to Macau on Bourbon Island, now Réunion . He was commissioned to set up a mission in Manchuria and arrived on March 15, 1844 on the Liaodong Peninsula .
Pope Pius IX appointed Berneux on July 15, 1854 Titular Bishop of Capsus and Vicar Apostolic of Korea . Emmanuel-Jean-François Verrolles MEP consecrated him on December 27, 1874 with the assistance of Florent Daguin CM as bishop. His predecessor in both offices Jean-Joseph-Jean-Baptiste Ferréol was consecrated on December 31, 1843 and administered the Vicariate Apostolic from 1845 until his death in 1853. Berneux sailed in January 1856 with a Chinese ship from Shanghai to Korea. He reached Korea on March 15th and landed near Seoul . They walked to Berneux to the house of Marie-Nicolas-Antoine Daveluy, a French priest who came to Korea with Bishop Ferréol. Berneux established a residence in Seoul where he secretly lived and worked.
In 1866 Berneux was arrested because of his illegal stay and prohibited missionary work and brought to justice. In February 1866 he was interrogated several times under torture and sentenced to death. On March 8, 1866, he was executed by beheading . Daveluy followed him as Vicar Apostolic, but was also executed on March 30, 1866. After the death of Berneux and the other Catholic missionaries, a French punitive expedition took place , which led to Korea increasing its policy of isolation.
canonization
Pope Paul VI beatified Berneux on October 6, 1968. On May 6, 1984, he was canonized by Pope John Paul II. His feast day is March 7 and, together with the 103 Korean martyrs, September 20.
His relics have been in the St. Philipp Neri Institute in Berlin since 2001 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Keith Pratt, Richard Rutt: Korea: A Historical and Cultural Dictionary . Routledge, December 16, 2013, ISBN 9781136794001 , p. 35 (accessed August 17, 2015).
- ^ David M. Cheney: Bishop St. Siméon-François Berneux (Catholic-Hierarchy). Retrieved February 11, 2018 .
- ^ Saint Siméon-François Berneux . Retrieved August 18, 2015.
- ^ Roman Martyrology ( it ) The Vatican .
literature
- The Lives of the 103 Martyr Saints of Korea 37: Saint Siméon François Berneux, Bishop (1814–1866) , Catholic Bishops' Conference of Korea Newsletter No. 51 (summer 2005).
- Frédéric Pichon (1872). The Life of Monseigneur Berneux, Bishop of Capse, Vicar-Apostolic of Corea . Burns, Oates, and Company, London.
- George Heber Jones: Siméon-François Berneux, Bishop and Martyr . In: The Korean Repository . 5, No. 3, March 1898, p. 81. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
- LECLEIR, Stefaan, Siméon-François Berneux (1814–1866), mission bishop and martyr in Korea, Böhlau, Cologne, 2000.
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Jean Ferréol MEP |
Vicar Apostolic of Korea 1854–1866 |
Saint Antoine Daveluy MEP |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Berneux, Siméon-François |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Berneux, Siméon |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French missionary in Asia and member of the Paris Mission |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 14, 1814 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Château-du-Loir , Sarthe department |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 8, 1866 |
| Place of death | Saenamteo , Seoul |