Simmeringer Haide
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The Simmeringer Haide (coll. Also called Simmeringer Had ) is a landscape in the 11th Viennese district of Simmering . It encompasses the low-lying parts between the Danube Canal and the Lower Schwechat and, at 155 m above sea level, forms the topographically second lowest point in Vienna (only the Untere Lobau is even lower at 151 m). The Simmeringer football stadium , which was particularly important in the 1920s, is named after this landscape.
history
The large flat area with its rather barren soil was still largely covered with forest in the Middle Ages . During the first Turkish siege of Vienna in 1529, the area was used as a tent camp for the Turks and was otherwise used as a pasture area . Later, the Simmeringer Haide was mainly used as a training ground for the military . Above all, shooting exercises were carried out here , including with cannons , which is still reminiscent of the street name firing line. On this site there was also a ravelin built for training purposes , after whose location the Ravelinstrasse is named. Horse races were also held regularly on part of the Haide .
In 1909 the first Vienna airfield was opened on the Simmeringer Haide . Among other things, the French pilot made Louis Blériot demonstrations in front of 300,000 spectators, including Emperor Franz Joseph I. counted. In May 1910, the Etrich Taube landed for the first time from a long flight from Wiener Neustadt at the Simmeringer Haide airfield and soon set off for the return flight. Bleriotgasse and Etrichstrasse still remind of these events today.
Since the incorporation of Simmering at the end of the 19th century, the area began to be increasingly industrialized . After the Viennese Danube regulation and the relocation of the Schwechat the external conditions for the industrial development of the largely undeveloped area were given. The airfield soon had to give way to industrial operations, but also to vegetable growers. The large-scale development of the Haide with residential buildings planned at the end of the 19th century was not implemented.
On the Simmeringer Haide, namely in the 2nd Haidequerstraße, there was a barrack camp for prisoners of war and civil internees until the summer of 1944 during the Second World War to 1,480 prisoners under the command of SS-Hauptsturmführer Johann Gärtner. A memorial stone at the intersection of Haidestrasse / Oriongasse reminds of this today. After the war, the camp was used by the Austrian state police as a place of accommodation for members of the Nazi regime and war criminals.
Economy and Infrastructure
Today the main Vienna sewage treatment plant of the Simmering disposal company , the Simmeringer Haide hazardous waste and sewage sludge incineration plant of Fernwärme Wien , the main workshop (formerly the central workshop) of the Vienna transport company , the Vienna gas and electrical works and numerous private companies can be found on the former Haide . A part of the Simmeringer Haide is still used for growing vegetables. There are also several small settlements with a rural character.
In terms of traffic, the Simmeringer Haide is also connected to the A4 Ostautobahn .
Simmeringer Had
The term Simmeringer Had is known from a mocking song about the tailor János Libényi . It was after his failed I. assassination of Emperor Franz Joseph on February 18, 1853 in the spinner on the cross (not as often wrongly adopted at the execution site on the Simmeringer Haide ) by the train executed .
On the Simmeringer Had ', Schneider gave it up,
it was okay with him, why did he sting so badly.
On the Simmeringer Had ', it was a tailor made
with the needle with the eye, with the thread and the scissors'.
On the Simmeringer Had ', Schneider has looked after
everyone, be it a teaching, he never lives
anymore And people stop there, the wind is already
ceasing, if he is going so fast, what can Schneider be doing anymore.
The sports field of the 1st Simmeringer SC is also called Simmeringer Had .
literature
- Hans Havelka: The Simmeringer Heide - Vienna's first airfield: from pasture to industrial and residential area . Simmeringer Heimatmuseum, Vienna 1969.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ This parody from 1853 is the oldest datable evidence to date, but is based on a common and widespread quatrain ( Schnaderhüpfel ): "On the Simmeringer Haid a 'tailor has blown away, serves him quite right, why does he sew so badly." Otto Holzapfel : Song directory: The older German-language popular song tradition ( online version on the folk music archive of the Upper Bavarian district ; in PDF format; ongoing updates) with further information.
Coordinates: 48 ° 10 ′ 0 ″ N , 16 ° 26 ′ 0 ″ E