Simon Kremser

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Simon Kremser (born September 15, 1775 in Breslau ; † March 1, 1851 ibid), haulier and Prussian court advisor, is considered to be the inventor of local public transport (ÖPNV) in Berlin.

Life

Kremser was the son of a Jewish merchant from the Silesian town of Zülz . During the wars against Napoleonic rule, he was the Royal Prussian War Commissarius under the command of General Blücher in the Silesian Army . In this function he looked after the war chest and saved it several times during the course of the war. Because of these deeds he had the status of a patriotic hero, which secured him the favor of the Prussian royal family. This led to the award of the Iron Cross , the Pour le Mérite and the privilege of an exclusive haulage business in Berlin , although Kremser was not a citizen there.

A Kremser in Marbach

After becoming a citizen of Berlin, Kremser opened a horse-drawn bus line in Berlin on May 20, 1825 . Previously he had from the cabinet Friedrich Wilhelm III. get permission to put wagons for public use that run on iron axles and rest on springs . To this end, he developed the unsprung gate wagons customary at the time into covered horse-drawn buses that could transport ten to twenty people. These initially drove from the Brandenburg Gate to Charlottenburg , and later also from the Hallesches Tor on fixed lines to the surrounding areas. In 1835 he opened the Schönhauser Tor line to Pankow , which made excursion traffic possible, which is described in the famous song " Bolle recently traveled to Whitsun ".

In the first few years, at irregular intervals, later at fixed time intervals, longer trips were possible for the citizens and workers of Berlin. “With the Kremser int Jrüne” became a household name for Berliners. These supplemented the range of rental carriages, which until then were only available to smaller groups of the population. The staff was partially uniformed and fixed fares were paid - standards previously unknown.

While the Kremser is often used on excursions on Father's Day , there is no monument, street name or other tribute to the former Jewish citizen of the city today. His grave was in the Israelite cemetery in Breslau.

Others

Because of his experience in the trucking trade, Simon Kremser is said to have transported the stolen Quadriga of the Brandenburg Gate from Paris to Berlin in 1814 . - After 1806 he married Amalie geb. Bloch, the widow of the Dresden court factor Wolf Benjamin Eibeschütz , and had two daughters with her.

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bodo Rollka:  Kremser, Simon. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 7 ( digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Kremser, Simon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Haulier, is considered to be the inventor of local public transport in Berlin
DATE OF BIRTH September 15, 1775
PLACE OF BIRTH Wroclaw
DATE OF DEATH March 1, 1851
Place of death Wroclaw