Song Renqiong

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Song Renqiong, 1955.

Song Renqiong ( Chinese  宋任穷 , Pinyin Sòng Rènqióng ; * July 11, 1909 as Song Yunqin ( 宋韵琴 , Sòng Yùnqín ) in Liuyang County, Hunan Province , Chinese Empire ; † January 8, 2005 in Beijing , People's Republic of China ) is one of the founders of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and was one of the main leaders of the PRC and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). He was, among other things, deputy chairman of the advisory committee of the Central Committee, a member of the secretariat, chairman of the organization department and a member of the Politburo of the CCP, and vice chairman of the Political Consultative Conference of the Chinese People (CPPCC). He is considered one of the " Eight Veterans of the CCP " of the Deng Xiaoping Era.

biography

Childhood and youth

Song Renqiong was born in Liuyang in July 1909 to a family of poor farmers. He joined the Communist Youth Association (KJV) in 1926 and converted to the CCP at the end of the year. In the same year he became chairman of the Chonghe District Farmers Committee in Liuyang County, a member of the Propaganda Department of the District Party Committee, and secretary of the KJV District Organization. The following year he became a party representative in the Second Brigade of the Fourth Regiment of the Workers and Peasants Volunteer Army in Liuyang County and took part in the Fall Harvest Riot. After the "reorganization of Sanwan" ( Sānwān gǎibiān三 湾 改编, September 29 - October 3, 1927) he followed Mao Zedong's troops to Jinggangshan and then became a member of the Political Committee of the Third Column of the Fourth Red Army, political commissar of the brigade 104 of Division 25 of the Twelfth Red Army and Political Commissar of Brigade 130 of Division 44 and took part in the fifth outbreak campaign of the Red Workers and Peasants Army against the encirclement and extermination attempts of the Guomindang . After the Ningdu Uprising , he became political commissar of the Fifth Red Army Corps and Division 13 and chairman of the regional labor department of the Fifth Army Corps. In 1934 he took part in the Long March, became political commissar in the cadre regiment of the Central Column and, together with Chen Geng ( 陈赓 , Chén Gēng ), led the cadre regiment to protect the Central Military Commission in the battle of the crossing of the Wu Jiang and the conquest of Zunyi and others Cities. In May 1935 he and his troops occupied Jiaopingdu ( 皎 平 渡 , Jiǎopíngdù ) on Jinsha Jiang in order to cover the First Red Front Army when crossing the river. In June, the First Red Front Army was merged with the Fourth Red Front Army, and the cadre was reorganized into the Red Army Special Course Academy and the Red Army Rearguard Academy and the Red Army Academy, and Song Renqiong became their political commissar. When the Red Army reached northern Shaanxi , he became political commissar of the 28th Division and took part in the eastern campaign with Liu Zhidan ( 刘志丹 , Liú Zhìdān ). After Liu fell in battle, Song took command of the 28th Division. In 1936 he became head of the Organizing Committee of the Political Department and head of the Political Department of the Western Relief.

War of resistance against Japan

v. l. To the right : Xu Xiangqian , Fu Zhuting ( 符 竹 庭 , Fú Zhútíng ), Song Renqiong and Xiao Hua ( 萧华 , Xiāo Huá ), those responsible for the vanguard of the 8th March Army against the Japanese troops, 1938 in Nangong (Hebei).

When the war of resistance against Japan broke out, Song Renqiong became deputy head of the Political Education Department and Deputy Sadly of the Political Department of the 129th Division of the 8th Marching Army . In March 1938 he led his troops to South Hebei, was involved in the establishment of the resistance base of the North China Plain , became Political Commissar of the Eastern Column of the 8th March Army, Commander and Political Commissar of the South Hebei Military District, Secretary of the South Hebei Party Committee, deputy Head and later Head of Civil Administration of South Hebei; during this time the county towns of Guangzong , Pingxiang , Yongnian and Feixiang were retaken by the Red Army. In 1940 he took a leading part in the Hundred Regiments Offensive and led the main attack on an important rail link. In 1943 he became the commandant and deputy political commissar of the North China Plain Military District, and head and deputy secretary of the Office of the Organizing Division for the North China Plain.

Second civil war

Bo Yibo , Song Renqiong, Chen Yi and Teng Daiyuan ( 滕 代 远 , Téng Dàiyuǎn ) during the Second Civil War.

During the Civil War was song renqiong Deputy Chairman of the Political Department of the Military District of Shanxi - Hebei - Shandong - Henan , political commissar of the Second column of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army, head of the Organization Department of the Central Bureau of Shanxi, Hebei-Shandong-Henan , secretary of the branch offices of the Central Committee of Henan Anhui - Jiangsu and political commissar of the Military district Henan-Anhui-Jiangsu, member of the Committee of Central China plain and third Deputy political Commissar of the East China field army. In 1949, he became secretary of the Anhui Provincial Party Committee, Chairman of the Provincial Government, and Political Commissar of the Anhui Military District; so he was responsible for the supplies for the battle to cross the Yangtze ( Dù Jiāng zhànyì渡江 战役). In April, he became the deputy secretary of the city committee and deputy chairman of the Nanjing Military Administration Commission, and assisted Liu Bocheng in taking over his duties. In June, the Southwest Aid Regiment of the China People's Liberation Army (PLA) was established; Song took command and advanced through Henan and Hunan to southwest China.

People's Republic of China

Song Renqiong (far left, second row) at an honor in 1955.

After the PRC was established, Song Renqiong became Political Commissar of the 4th Corps of the Second Field Army, First Secretary of the Yunnan CCP Provincial Committee, Political Commissar of the Yunnan Military District, and Deputy Political Commissar of the Southwest Military District; thus he was responsible for defining the policy towards the ethnic minorities in southwest China. In 1954 Song became a member of the Central Committee and Deputy Secretary of the Central Committee, Deputy Chairman of the Organization Department at the Central Committee, First Deputy Chairman of the Central Cadre Department of the People's Liberation Army and advised Luo Ronghuan ( 罗荣桓 , Luō Rónghuán ) on his activities as head of the Central Cadre Department of the Military Commission. In 1955 he was appointed general, received the Order of the 8th March Army ( Bā-yī xūnzhāng八一 勋章) of the first rank, the Order of Independence and Freedom ( Dúlì zìyóu xūnzhāng 独立自由 勋章) of the first rank and the Order of Liberation ( Jiěfàng xūnzh ) first rank. In November he took over the management of the Third Engineering Ministry (later the Second Engineering Ministry) and was the most important person in charge of the management of nuclear technology in China. In 1960 he became First Secretary of the Northeast Office of the CPC Central Committee and First Political Commissar of the Shenyang Military District. He was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution .

In October 1977, Song Renqiong took over the leadership of the Seventh Ministry of Engineering and also became its party secretary. In December 1978 he became the chairman of the organization department at the Central Committee and was thus responsible for the implementation of personnel policy, for the "repeal of unjust and false judgments" ( píngfǎn平反) etc. By the end of 1982, the processing and rehabilitation of the cases of 2.3 million cadres persecuted during the Cultural Revolution was completed, and historical misjudgments against 1.2 million people were re-examined. In February 1980, Song was elected a member of the Secretariat of the CCP Central Committee. On the XII. At the CCP Congress, he was elected a member of the Politburo; later he became a member of the Standing Committee and Deputy Chairman of the Advisory Committee at the Central Committee. In 1985 he left the Politburo and the Central Committee with Deng Yingchao , Wang Zhen and others. He later served as the honorary chairman of the Chinese Volleyball Association. He died in 2005 at the age of 94. He is officially dubbed in China as a "great proletarian revolutionary and outstanding leader of the Chinese Communist Party".

family

Song Renqiong was born into a poor family. He was the youngest of four brothers and one sister. The eldest was killed after the coup of May 21, 1927 ( Mǎ rì shìbiàn马 日 事变), the second died of pleurisy . Song became a revolutionary under the influence of these two brothers. Even before the Long March, he met his future wife, Zhong Yuelin ( 锺 月 林 , Zhōng Yuèlín ), and when they reached northern Shaanxi in 1935, Qiu Yihan ( 邱一涵 , Qiū Yīhán ) brokered the marriage of the two, which was to last seventy years . The couple had seven children: the eldest son Song Kehuang ( 宋 克 荒 , Sòng Kèhuāng ), the second oldest Song Jingbo ( 宋京波 , Sòng Jīngbō ), the eldest daughter Song Qin ( 宋 勤 , Sòng Qín ), the second oldest Song Binbin ( 宋彬彬 , Sòng Bīnbīn , also: Song Yan 宋 岩 , Sòng Yán , and by Mao Zedong "Song Yaowu" 宋 要 武 , called Sòng Yàowǔ ), the third oldest Song Zhenzhen ( 宋 珍珍 , Sòng Zhēnzhēn ), the fourth oldest Song Zhaozhao ( 宋昭昭 , Sòng Zhāozhāo ) and the most recent song Yuefei ( 宋月飞 , Sòng Yuèfēi ).

Footnotes

  1. Today, Liuyang Township.
  2. 宋任穷 同志 生平 . 新华网. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  3. 文輝 抗 葉健君: 開國 省長 、 書記 之 宋任窮 . In: 新华网 . Retrieved April 14, 2011. 
  4. 吴晨光: 宋任穷 离世 折射 政局 承接 中国 告别 开国 元老 阶段 . 南方周末. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  5. 宋任穷 同志 因病 医治 无效 在 北京 逝世 享年 96 岁 . 新华网. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  6. 钟月林 : 与 丈夫 宋任穷 相伴 相随 七 十年 . In: 凤凰网 . Retrieved April 14, 2011. 
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