St. Marien (Wädenswil)

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St. Mary's Church
View from the northwest

The Catholic parish church of St. Marien in Wädenswil is a neo-Romanesque sacred building.

History and naming

The medieval church of Wädenswil was first mentioned in a document in 1265 . However, excavations have proven an older Carolingian chapel. This was later replaced by a Romanesque and finally a Gothic church. The Gothic church tower existed until the church was rebuilt after the Reformation in 1637 to 1638. Ownership and patronage of the medieval church initially lay with the Lords of Wädenswil. In 1270 Jakob Mülner of Zurich sold the patronage to the Wettingen monastery , in 1291 it was sold to the Johannitern von Wädenswil. These had 1,287 by selling the reign Wädenswil to the Johanniter to Bubikon in Wädenswil their Coming can build. In 1549 the patronage came to the city of Zurich together with the rule of Wädenswil . When the Reformation was carried out in Zurich from 1523 and this was also to be implemented in the subject areas, the residents of Wädenswil initially refused to join the new faith. The Zurich Council then put pressure on so that the Reformation was also carried out in Wädenswil. The medieval altars remained in the church until the middle of the 16th century, when the patronage of the church was bought by the city of Zurich.

The medieval church of Wädenswil was consecrated to Our Lady , so it was a St. Mary's Church , the patronage of which is taken up by today's Catholic parish church.

Development and construction history

From the Reformation onwards, Catholic worship was banned in the Zurich areas. The Edict of Tolerance of 1807 allowed Catholics, albeit locally limited to the city of Zurich, to celebrate Catholic services again for the first time. The freedom of settlement and religious freedom of the Helvetic Republic and later of the Swiss federal state meant that the first Catholics from central and eastern Switzerland , but also from nearby, Catholic-influenced foreign countries, settled in Wädenswil. In 1860 Wädenswil already had 251 Catholics, most of whom belonged to the parish of St. Verena in Wollerau. When the first mission station on the left bank was opened in Horgen, later to become the parish of St. Josef , the Catholics of Wädenswil were able to attend church services in Horgen. In 1881 Pastor Bosshard from Horgen celebrated the first Catholic service since the Reformation on Wädenswil soil in the old Eidmatt school building . In 1888 a Collectif company , consisting of the Dean of Winterthur, Johann Melchior Zürcher-Deschwanden (the initiator of the Inländische Mission ) and five Wädenswil Catholics, bought a house that had been in the eastern corner of today's Rosenmatt Park , as well as 2435 square meters of land in the Eidmatt . An emergency chapel for 200 people was set up in one part of the house . The Wädenswil mission station was initially looked after by the Fathers of Einsiedeln Abbey . In 1890 the Catholics of Wädenswil founded a church building association, which in the same year was able to purchase the building site for the church on Etzelstrasse . In 1892 Wädenswil was appointed parish vicariate of St. Josef Horgen and received its own pastor who replaced the priests from Einsiedeln Abbey. In 1895 Wädenswil was appointed an independent parish and from then on also looked after Richterswil and Schönenberg. The Catholic parish of Richterswil became the independent parish of the Holy Family Richterswil in 1916 and that of Schönenberg in 1924 became the parish of the Holy Family Schönenberg .

Steeple
portal

In 1894 the construction of today's Church of St. Mary began. Since the committee of the church building association Wädenswil could not agree on the architectural style or the choice of an architect, Father Albert Kuhn from Einsiedeln Abbey was called in as an expert. After Heinrich Viktor Segesser von Brunegg was initially appointed as the architect, but he showed little interest in this task, the committee appointed August Hardegger as the architect for the construction of the church at the end of 1895 . The church, which was rebuilt by Hardegger in Schwanden GL from 1894 to 1895, was to serve as a model for the church of Wädenswil . In order to finance the construction of the church, in addition to the association's assets, the proceeds from the sale of the property with the emergency chapel were used. More money was raised through donations and foundations. Even before the church was built, it was decided to start building the rectory immediately after the church was completed. Between 1896 and 1897, the 800-seat Marienkirche was built by architect August Hardegger. On July 18, 1897, the episcopal archivist Noser von Chur blessed the church. The rectory was built in 1898, and the church received its first artistic design in 1898 and 1901. In 1934 the church was renovated and the interior was changed. Between 1958 and 1960, the Etzel Hall with a stage and ancillary rooms was built in an extension to the rectory . In 1959 and 1969 the facade of the church was changed and renovated. Between 1972 and 1973 the parish church was extensively renovated by the architect Josef Riklin . The artistic design comes from Albert Schilling , Arlesheim and from Father Xaver Ruckstuhl from Engelberg Abbey . In the years 1999 to 2000 the Etzel Hall was expanded to include a foyer . A second floor was built above the hall, which offers space for various group rooms and meeting rooms. In the years 2012 to 2013, the historic rectory was converted and expanded, which could not be replaced by a new building due to the preservation order.

The parish of St. Marien with its 6,083 members (as of 2017) is one of the larger Catholic parishes in the canton of Zurich.

  • Neo-Romanesque portal, detail

  • Cornerstone

  • Snake

Building description

Church tower and exterior

The three-aisled basilica of St. Marien is on Etzelstrasse and is in the neo-Romanesque style. It has a semicircular end of the choir with a row of arcades on the outside. The choir is of a bell tower with pointed spire and one with ridge turret crowned sacristy flanked. The facade is provided with small arched windows. The outer walls are clad with Bollinger sandstone. In 1903 four bells were raised in the tower, which come from the foundry H. Rüetschi , Aarau and have the tone sequence e, f sharp, a and c sharp. In 1903 the tower also received its tower clock , which comes from the Johann Mannhardt company , Munich.

Interior and artistic equipment

Interior view with choir

Equipment from 1901 to 1972

The church received its first neo-Romanesque furnishings in 1898 and 1901: a high altar by Johann Nepomuk Neumann, St. Gallen, an altarpiece and paintings in the vault of the apse by Franz Vettiger from Uznach (in 1901) and the choir stalls by Alfons Noflaner. In 1911 Karl Leuch from Zurich designed the pulpit and in 1912 Alois Payer and Franz Wipplinger from Einsiedeln carved apostle figures to complement the furnishings. After the original condition was changed during the first renovation in 1934, the church received a new tabernacle with the annunciation scene by Albert Schilling in 1956 . In 1960, Father Xaver Ruckstuhl, Engelberg designed a new baptismal font .

Equipment since 1973

The splendid neo-Romanesque interior furnishings from the construction period were replaced by sober furnishings in the course of a comprehensive renovation under the direction of Josef Riklin from 1972 to 1973. At the same time, the requirements of the liturgy constitution were implemented by the Second Vatican Council . The oldest object of today's interior is a late Gothic Pietà in the north aisle. The bronze crucifix in the choir was made by Albert Schilling . The Way of the Cross by Susana Polac , inaugurated on March 26, 1995 - her last work - is considered to be a particularly valuable testimony to new religious art in the region. The individual stations, cast in bronze , were mounted at different heights along the north wall. The viewer has to either look up or bend down depending on the position of the individual stations of the cross.

organ

Kuhn organ from 1960

The church of St. Marien received its first organ in 1906. It was a pneumatic membrane shutter organ by Carl Theodor Kuhn , Männedorf with 18 stops on 2 manuals and a pedal. In 1960 the first organ was replaced by a new building from Orgelbau Kuhn AG, Männedorf. The instrument has 26 registers on 2 manuals and pedal. The organ has a mechanical action and an electro-pneumatic registry. In 1995 an overhaul was carried out by organ builder Norbert Stengele, Horgen.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
Principal 8th'
Reed flute 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
octave 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Octave 2 ′
Mixture V-VI 2 ′
II Swell C – g 3
Dumped 16 ′
Suavial 8th'
Dumped 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Prefix 4 ′
Flute 4 ′
recorder 4 ′
Transverse flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Scharff IV-V 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Trumpet 8th'
Krummhorn 8th'
Clairon 4 ′
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
Principal 16 ′
Sub bass 16 ′
Subtle bass (transmission) 16 ′
octave 8th'
Pointed flute 4 ′
Octave 4 ′
bassoon 16 ′
  • Coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
  • 2 fixed combinations F, TT
  • 3 free combinations
  • Register crescendo
  • Shelf tongues
  • Storage concoctions
  • Stand-alone mixture (HW), trumpet (SW), krummhorn (SW), bassoon (Ped)

Chapels of the parish of Wädenswil

In addition to the parish church of St. Marien, the Catholic parish of Wädenswil has two chapels:

Web links

Commons : Marien Wädenswil  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. P. 264.
  2. ^ Catholic parish St. Marien Wädenswil (ed.): Grüess Gott mitenand. P. 7
  3. ↑ Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. P. 264.
  4. ↑ Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 Years of the Catholic Parish of St. Marien Wädenswil p. 26
  5. ^ Catholic parish St. Marien Wädenswil (ed.): Grüess Gott mitenand. P. 7
  6. ↑ Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. P. 264.
  7. ^ Catholic parish St. Marien Wädenswil (ed.): Grüess Gott mitenand. P. 7.
  8. ↑ Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 Years of the Catholic Parish of St. Marien Wädenswil pp. 32–33.
  9. ↑ Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 Years of the Catholic Parish of St. Marien Wädenswil P. 38–40.
  10. ^ Catholic parish St. Marien Wädenswil (ed.): Grüess Gott mitenand. P. 7.
  11. ↑ Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 Years of the Catholic Parish of St. Marien Wädenswil p. 40.
  12. ^ Archives of the parish of St. Mary.
  13. ↑ Catholic Church in the Canton of Zurich (Ed.): Annual Report 2017. p. 84.
  14. ↑ Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 Years of the Catholic Parish of St. Marien Wädenswil p. 34.
  15. ↑ Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 Years of the Catholic Parish of St. Marien Wädenswil p. 40.
  16. ↑ Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 Years of the Catholic Parish of St. Marien Wädenswil pp. 40–41.
  17. ↑ Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 Years of the Catholic Parish of St. Marien Wädenswil p. 41.
  18. ^ Organ directory Switzerland and Liechtenstein. Section Catholic Church St. Marien Wädenswil ZH. Retrieved December 26, 2014.

literature

  • Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. Chur 1980.
  • Catholic parish St. Marien Wädenswil (ed.): Grüess Gott mitenand. Waedenswil.
  • Fredy Fischli, Peter Ziegler: 100 years of the Catholic parish St. Marien Wädenswil , Verlag Stutz, Wädenswil 1995
  • Why? Susanna Polacs Kreuzweg , NZN Buchverlag, Zurich 2001
  • Peter Ziegler: Tour II through Wädenswil , Verlag Stutz, Wädenswil 1990
  • Art guide through Switzerland - Volume 1 , Society for Swiss Art History GSK, Bern 2005

Coordinates: 47 ° 13 '35.5 "  N , 8 ° 40' 20.2"  E ; CH1903:  693428  /  231357