St. Willibrord (Munich)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. Willibrord

St. Willibrord in Munich is a church building of the Old Catholic Church . The building is registered as a monument in the Bavarian List of Monuments .

location

The church building is located opposite the main fire station in a green strip between Blumenstrasse, which is part of the Altstadtring , and the street An der Hauptfeuerwache near Sendlinger Tor , in the south of the Angerviertel in Munich's old town in the city district No. 1 Altstadt-Lehel . The Munich Marionette Theater is located in the same green area . The area was in the area of ​​the eastern Stadtgrabenbach , which ran in front of the original city ​​walls , and is therefore protected as a ground monument.

history

In the green belt laid out in 1873 between two separate lanes of Blumenstrasse (the northern lane was renamed An der Hauptfeuerwache in 1995 ), the Glockenbachbrunnhaus was built around the same time , to replace the demolished fountain in the Hayturm . After the introduction of the water supply from the Mangfall Valley, the water tower was demolished in 1892. The Brunnhaus itself remained in operation as an electrotechnical test station and was demolished in 1911.

On June 1, 1911, the English bishop Bury laid the foundation stone for a church for English-speaking people of the Anglican faith in Munich on this site . These were mainly the embassy staff of the British legation at the Bavarian court. The brick building was built in 1911 and dedicated to St. George . At the beginning of the First World War , the British legation members left Bavaria.

After the First World War, the church was rented by the old Catholic community in Munich. This was initially founded as an association in 1871 and was not recognized as a private church until 1890. From 1871 to 1882 she first used the church of St. Nikolai am Gasteig and then converted a studio in what is now Kaulbachstrasse into a church, which was sold in 1922 and demolished due to its dilapidation. Initially, the Georgskirche was used jointly with the Protestant-Reformed community , from 1929 only by the old Catholic community. In 1932 the old Catholic community bought the building.

During the Second World War , the building was badly damaged in an air raid on the night of April 24th to 25th, 1944. Page 42 During the reconstruction, which took place in simplified forms, the destroyed ceiling, which was originally formed as a wooden barrel, was replaced by a flat ceiling. After its repair, the church was rededicated on March 19, 1949 to St. Willibrord and has been named after him ever since. Page 46 The glass window in the chancel was built in the 1950s.

In the 1990s, the rooms under the church were extensively renovated and have been used as a community center ever since. In 2010 the church was completely renovated. In doing so, u. a. the windows were renewed, the chancel redesigned and the flat ceiling that was drawn in after the Second World War was replaced by a gable roof. Of the church's original furnishings, only the font survived the Second World War.

architecture

Interior of the church

St. Willibrord is a hall church . The architectural style with the brick walls exposed on the outside is reminiscent of English village churches. The nave has a rectangular floor plan of about 18 × 11 m, the adjoining presbytery is about 9 m wide and 6 m deep. Both have a gable roof . The orientation of the church deviates from the east by about 30 ° . On the south facade of the church on Blumenstrasse there is a square church tower with a base area of ​​about 5 × 5 m at the transition from the nave to the presbytery. It has a tent roof and with a height of 25 m is hardly higher than the roof ridge of the nave. The sacristy inside the tower has an entrance porch with a pent roof

At the west end of the south facade there is an entrance porch with a gable roof; this is where the main entrance to the church was originally located. Because the Blumenstrasse was expanded on this side as a section of the Altstadtring and the traffic there increased more and more, the main entrance was moved in 1991/1992 to the other side of the building, to the street "An der Hauptfeuerwache". Page 59 There a staircase leads up to the entrance and a glass, transparent porch with stairs leads down to the basement.

The longitudinal walls are divided vertically on the outside by three-quarter high buttresses and horizontally by a cornice surrounding the church . Small pointed arched windows with clear panes are arranged above the surrounding cornice. This position of the windows can be traced back to the galleries formerly arranged on the inside of the longitudinal walls . On the west wall above the organ gallery there is a larger pointed arch window with tracery and clear panes, below which the foundation stone is walled in in the outer wall . Another ogival tracery window with colored glass painting is set into the east wall of the presbytery.

The nave has a gable roof made of wood, the presbytery behind a pointed choir arch has a groin vault .

In the basement are the rooms of the community center, including the largest, the Döllinger Hall, named after Ignaz von Döllinger , the most important spiritual father of the old Catholic movement.

Bells

The original church did not have a church bell . The tower was not built as a bell tower because the Anglican Church in Bavaria was only recognized as a private church society that was not allowed to use bells.

After the Old Catholics took over the building, the tower was converted into a bell tower in 1929 and an existing bell from the previous church in Kaulbachstrasse was hung here. This bell was cast in 1919 and sounds on the strike note C, has a diameter of 41 cm, a height of 44 cm and a weight of about 50 kg. The sister communities of Kempten and Nuremberg donated two more bells that were tuned to "as" and "f". Page 39 These bells were probably cast in 1929 and had a diameter of 61 cm / 50 cm and a weight of about 142 kg / 78 kg. The consecration of the three bells took place in November 1929. Page 40 During the Second World War (1942), the two younger bells had to be handed in by the parish to be melted down for armament purposes. P. 42 , so that since then only the bell from 1919, the so-called peace bell, has been hanging there. Since 2005, the bell has been rung by hand before every service and prayer . A group of around eight women and men from the community alternately rings the bell according to a duty roster. The bell rings twice before celebrating the Eucharist and once before other church services. The first ring lasts five minutes from 15 to 10 minutes before the start of the mass , the second about three minutes from five to two minutes before the start. The doorbell does not ring on the Kartagen, Good Friday and Holy Saturday, as well as before Easter Vigil. In the celebration of Easter Vigil, the bell rings for the Gloria .

organ

West gallery with organ

The first organ to be installed was an instrument made by Steinmeier in 1913 . In 1929 repairs were due, and the intonation of the organ did not meet the expectations of the old Catholic community, so the community wanted another instrument. The community entered into negotiations with the Steinmeier company. In February 1931 the company made a proposal for rebuilding and expanding the organ, which was implemented. Page 41

After the bomb damage, the church was rebuilt without an organ, as can be seen from the pictures in the gallery. instead, a pedal harmonium was set up. Page 52
In 1960 it was considered to buy an electronic organ from Adolf Michel. In 1965, the purchase of an electronic organ from Michel-Orgelbau was planned and implemented. The organ was inaugurated on November 27, 1965. Page 52

In 2004 the community made the fundamental decision to buy a pipe organ again . An organ by the young organ builder Gunnar Schmid with twelve playable registers on two manuals and pedal was installed. The instrument was inaugurated on December 16, 2006. Page 60 In the following year this organ was extended by three more stops, pages 61 and 78 f, which were already technically prepared.

organ
Disposition of the organ by Gunnar Schmid (2006/2007):
I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Principal 8th'
2. Wooden flute 8th'
3. Octav 4 ′
4th Hollow flute 4 ′
5. Super octave 2 ′
6th Mixture 3-fold (2007) 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
II Swell C – g 3
9. Covered 8th'
10. Viola da gamba 8th'
11. Reed flute 4 ′
12. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
13. Forest flute 2 ′
14th third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
15th Vox coelestis (2007) 8th'
Tremulant (2007)
Pedal C – f 1
7th Sub bass 16 ′
8th. Bassoon bass (2007) 8th'

Web links

Commons : St. Willibrord  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Liesel Bach: church interior . Alt-Katholischer Bistumsverlag, Bonn 2011, ISBN 978-3-934610-93-4 .
  • Heinrich Habel, Johannes Hallinger, Timm Weski: State capital Munich - center (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.2 / 1 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-87490-586-2 , p. 126 .
  • Old Catholic Church Community of St. Willibrord (Ed.): The new Gunnar Schmid organ in the Old Catholic Church of St. Willibrord in Munich . Organ inauguration brochure, 2007, p. 28 ( online [PDF]).
  • Old Catholic Church, originally English Church . In: Georg Dehio, Ernst Gall (Hrsg.): Handbook of German Art Monuments . third, updated edition. Bayern IV: Munich and Upper Bavaria. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-422-03115-4 , p. 747 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments for Munich (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, monument number D-1-62-000-809
  2. ↑ List of monuments for Munich (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, monument number D-1-7835-0412, "Area of ​​the early modern inner bastion fortifications of Munich"
  3. ↑ a b c d Monuments in Bavaria. Volume I.2 / 1, p. 126.
  4. ↑ a b c Church and Community Center on alt-katholisch.de, accessed June 11, 2016
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Liesel Bach: Church room .
  6. ↑ Dehio 2007, p. 747.
  7. ↑ Church renovation. In: www.alt-katholisch.de. Retrieved July 5, 2015 .
  8. ↑ Angela Berlis, Siegfried Thuringer: Ignaz von Döllinger for his 125th birthday. Search for clues and spotlights on an extraordinary life . Ed .: Elisabeth Bach. Alt-Katholischer Bistumsverslag, Bonn 2015, ISBN 978-3-934610-88-0 .
  9. ↑ a b bell and organs in the Old Catholic Church of St. Willibrord on xn--dr-gnter-95a.de, accessed June 21, 2016
  10. ↑ a b organ. In: www.alt-katholisch.de. Retrieved July 6, 2016 .
  11. ^ A b c Munich St Willibrord, Old Catholic Church. In: Orgelbau Schmid Kaufbeuren eK.Retrieved on July 6, 2016 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 7 ′ 56.7 ″  N , 11 ° 34 ′ 8.7 ″  E