Assumption of Mary (Tirschenreuth)
The parish church of the Assumption of Mary is one of the two large Roman Catholic churches in the city of Tirschenreuth in the northern Upper Palatinate . It was built in the Gothic style at the end of the 13th century and severely damaged by fires and wars several times over the years. The parish church appears today in the baroque style typical of this region, but houses a late Gothic winged altar in the choir room .
history
Abbot Theoderich (1286–1302) von Waldsassen erected the first larger church building in 1299 on the site of today's parish church in the early Gothic style . It is not known when this church was consecrated as the parish church of the Assumption.
From the original construction of the church only the walls of the choir remain, as the tower and the nave were destroyed in the first big fire in 1475. In 1487 the church tower was rebuilt. An inscription was placed on the outside of the tower for builder Jakob Mair. During the 15th century, the church was the target of Hussites from neighboring Bohemia who invaded the region several times .
In 1633 the church suffered great damage again during the Thirty Years' War by the Swedes. On May 17, 1633, a major fire damaged the nave and tower of the church considerably. Three years later the upper part of the church tower was rebuilt and in the following three years the nave was also built. The reconstruction of the parish church was completed in 1669 with the consecration.
Abbot Eugenius laid the foundation stone for the Mercy Chapel in 1722, in which the miraculous image of Our Lady of Sorrows is still located. This miraculous image was transferred from the cemetery church after the chapel was completed and inaugurated in 1726 . In 1769 the church was expanded to the west.
After that, during the great fire in Tirschenreuth in 1814, the church tower burned down completely, but the rest of the building was preserved. Just one year after the devastating fire, construction of the new church tower began in its current form as an onion dome . This type of steeple is typical of the region.
The parish church was renovated five times in the 20th century. Attempts were made to restore the building's formerly baroque character. In the 1910s, the interior of the church was refurbished, the neo-baroque high altar was added in 1912 and the neo-baroque pulpit in 1916 . The church underwent a major redesign in the 1960s after the Second Vatican Council , when the pastor Georg Steiger had the choir room redesigned. The high altar, the pulpit and the communion grille have been removed. On June 28, 1972, a fire broke out during soldering work on the dome of the church tower, in which the tower suffered considerable damage. The most extensive renovations took place in 1981 and 1982 under the parish priest Georg Maria Witt. The church was again equipped with a high altar and also received choir stalls , a new people's altar , an ambo , underfloor heating and four new confessionals. The church got a new organ in 1975.
The last renovation of the church took place under the current pastor Georg Flier. In 2004 and 2005, the exterior renovation was carried out, in which the gray slate roof was replaced by a red tile roof. From 2007 to 2008 the interior was renovated, during which the walls were given a new coat of paint and the ceiling lamps were removed and replaced with indirect lighting for the ceiling space.
description
Exterior construction
On the south-eastern side of the building on the side facing the market square, there is a Mount of Olives grotto with life-size granite figures. On the gable of the Chapel of Grace, built in 1722 and 1723, there are figures of Saints Florian, Benedict and Bernhard.
The bell tower with a height of 46 meters the tallest structure in Tirschenreuth. The tower is not owned by the parish, but is owned by the city of Tirschenreuth. The tower with its five bells was still inhabited until around 90 years ago. The tower guard had to keep the fire watch and strike the hours. There are two entrances to the tower, one leading from the interior to the basement and the other through a small round tower that is attached to the church tower. The forerunner of the church tower was probably on the opposite north side of the choir.
Interior and equipment
The nave with barrel vault is supported by massive pillars and is separated from the two aisles by five arches . There are six baroque figures of the apostles on the consoles of the pillars. On the right side these are images of James the Elder , Philip and Simon the Zealot and on the left side James the Younger , Bartholomew and Andrew . The ceiling frescoes in the nave were painted by Oskar Martin-Amorbach in 1931 and show St. George , St. Christopher , St. Martin of Tours , St. Sebastian and singing angels. Martin-Amorbach also created the frescoes on the ceiling in the net vault ; they show the triune God surrounded by music-making and singing angels.
Chapel of Mercy
The Chapel of Mercy has been located on the south aisle since the 18th century. The flat domed structure is separated from the church by a wrought iron grille. In the four niches of the flat pilasters, the four evangelists Matthew , Mark , Luke and John are depicted with their attributes (winged person, lion, bull and eagle). In the pendentives and the dome, medallions show various scenes from the life of Mary , in the lower row from her life on earth, above her death as well as the admission and coronation in heaven.
The altar consists of a canteen with a tabernacle structure. In a glass shrine above is the miraculous image that was installed there on November 4, 1723 and shows the painful Mother of God with the body of Jesus on her lap. On both sides are two rococo shrines in which the skeletons of Saints Silvan and Urban are embedded in fabric and filigree. They come from the Roman catacombs and were carried into the church on November 30, 1756 in a solemn procession in the presence of the Waldsassen abbot.
The chapel is illuminated by three windows. They were made by the German art professor Josef Oberberger , who comes from the Upper Palatinate. In the windows the Annunciation, the Holy Family, Jesus on the cross, Mary with the body of Jesus Christ removed from the cross ( Pietà ) as well as Jesus and three women in front of the grave are depicted.
organ
In the years 1962 to 1975 the organ of the parish church was extensively redesigned. The prospectus , which dates from the first half of the 18th century, was used again. The organ of the parish church has 43 registers (3294 pipes ) on the cone store. The actions are electric.
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- Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Playing aids : various shelves, tutti, two free combinations, crescendo roller .
Bells
The ringing of the Assumption of Mary consists of five bells. In order to be able to hear the ringing of the bells clearly, there are sound openings on each side of the bell chamber of the tower.
| No. | Surname | Chime | Weight | Inscription (in capital letters) |
| 1 | Marienbell | C. | 2400 kg | “Sancta Maria ora pro nobis” “After the unfortunate fire in Tirschenreuth on July 31, 1814, the whole town, along with the church and tower, was buried in the ashes by the royal district court, then the royal communal administration and the town imagined as a minority. “Newly cast in 1816 by Johann Ludwig Loesch zu Bayreuth. |
| 2 | Joseph Bell | D. | 1900 kg | "Bless our Christian work, bless the legacy of a father Kolping and a bishop Ketteler." First Mayor Josef Zahn, parish priest Ernst Mayer 1946. |
| 3 | Michael's Bell | E. | 1400 kg | “Angels of the Germans protect our youth and make them faithful and strong in faith. Be with all of us in the last quarrel and lead us to eternal victory. ”First Mayor Josef Zahn, parish priest Ernst Mayer 1946 |
| 4th | Marienglocke - patroness of Bavaria | G | 900 kg | “In gratitude to commemorate the gracious salvation of the homeland in the most terrible of all wars in 1939/45.” First Mayor Josef Zahn, Pastor Ernst Mayer 1946 |
| 5 | Raphael Bell | A. | 10 quintals | "Sanct Raphael the angel and protector of the wandering, the departing, I announce eternal peace." First Mayor Josef Zahn, parish priest Ernst Mayer 1946 |
literature
- Karl Scheidler: Parish and pilgrimage church Mariä Himmelfahrt Tirschenreuth . 3rd, revised edition. Schnell & Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-7954-4400-6 .
- Detlef Knipping, Gabriele Raßhofer: Tirschenreuth district (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume III.45 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2000, ISBN 3-87490-579-9 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stadt Tirschenreuth: Stadtpfarrkirche ( Memento of the original from October 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b City parish Mariä Himmelfahrt Tirschenreuth: History of the parish and pilgrimage church - Mariae Himmelfahrt
- ^ City parish Mariä Himmelfahrt Tirschenreuth: The steeple of the city parish church
- ^ Karl Scheidler: Parish and pilgrimage church Mariä Himmelfahrt Tirschenreuth . P. 6.
- ^ City parish Mariä Himmelfahrt Tirschenreuth: Places of Faith: Gnadenkapelle - Perpetual Adoration
- ^ City parish Mariä Himmelfahrt Tirschenreuth: Organ of the city parish church
Coordinates: 49 ° 52 ′ 45.2 " N , 12 ° 20 ′ 10.4" E