Stefansfeld Chapel
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The Sancta Maria Victoria Chapel , usually called Stefansfeld Chapel , in Stefansfeld near Salem in the Lake Constance district in Baden-Württemberg , is a small baroque church that the Vorarlberg master builder Franz Beer built from 1710 to 1712 for the nearby Salem Monastery . Today it serves as a branch church of the Salem Minster Parish .
Building history
The architect Franz Beer built the monastery buildings of the imperial abbey from 1697 to 1710. On behalf of the Salem abbot Stephan I. Jung (term of office 1698-1725) Beer planned an additional monastery church on the open space north of the Salem minster , i.e. within the monastery district. However, the plans for the so-called Brotherhood Church were discarded. Instead, Beer finally built the votive chapel Sancta Maria Victoria one kilometer east of the monastery near the bridge over the Linzer Aach .
The place where the chapel was to be built was chosen with reference to the newly built abbey building: it lies exactly on the extended central axis of its east facade. For the first time in the construction history of the monastery, Beer's new construction of the monastery included the wider landscape surrounding the complex in the planning. Since then, the place has been named Stefansfeld after Stephan Jung . The lay cemetery of the monastery was laid out around the church.
The name "Maria Victoria", "Victorious Virgin Mary " recalls the victories of the Habsburgs in the Turkish wars . A now lost wooden group of sculptures above the entrance portal, designed by Franz Joseph Feuchtmayer , was a drastic reminder of this purpose: In the center was a wooden figure of Mary with a baby Jesus "who pierces the daiffel (devil) with his cross". The triumphant Maria was surrounded by figures of captured Ottoman soldiers, severed Turkish heads and the coats of arms and weapons of the warring parties. Salem felt particularly indebted to the Habsburgs because the monastery had been under the protection of this ruling house since the 13th century and owed it for wealth and influence.
Architecture and equipment
The Stefansfeld Chapel is a central building with a circular sacred space ( rotunda ), connected to four arms of equal length, so that the shape of a Greek cross results. The outer walls are pilasters divided, the one about running around the whole building Attica carry. The dome roof has an octagonal lantern with an onion dome . On the west arm there is also a roof turret that carries the bells. The roof was originally covered with shingles , but was given a new covering with roof tiles in 1834 .
The inner walls of the rotunda are divided by eight Corinthian pilasters with an ornamentally decorated frieze . The stucco decoration in the church interior was probably created by Franz Schmuzer ( Wessobrunn school ). The wider circle segments open to the four cross arms, the narrower segments to four large arched windows . Each cross arm has two additional arched windows.
The high altar is located in the eastern arm of the cross , while the portal opens opposite it in the west . The south and north arms are side chapels, each with an altar. Franz Joseph Feuchtmayer designed the high altar and the two side altars .
Feuchtmayer's son Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer created a carved way of the cross with fourteen stations in 1757 (today in the parish church of Weildorf ). The painter Johann Michael Feuchtmayer created three altar paintings that are lost today. He probably also painted the ceilings of the side arms and the inside of the dome with colored motifs, of which only fragments can be seen today.
Since an extensive renovation around 1856, the dome ceiling has been provided with a painted coffering , which - in accordance with the taste of historicism - is based on the dome of the Pantheon in Rome. The Munich history painter Bernhard Endreß supplied two new altar leaves .
organ
The organ was built by the organ builder Johannes Klais (Bonn) and inaugurated on June 1st, 2008. It is the first organ in the chapel. The purely mechanical instrument has 7 registers on two manuals and a pedal.
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
literature
- Knapp, Ulrich: Salem: The buildings of the former Cistercian abbey and their equipment. Stuttgart: Theiss 2004. ISBN 3-8062-1359-3
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Quotation from Knapp 2004, p. 278
- ↑ Information on the organ ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the municipality's website
- ↑ To the disposition
Coordinates: 47 ° 46 ′ 35 ″ N , 9 ° 17 ′ 14 ″ E