Sternberg in the grave field

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Sternberg in the grave field
Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 58 ″  N , 10 ° 34 ′ 34 ″  E
Residents : 161  (1987)
Incorporation : January 1, 1978
Postal code : 97528
Area code : 09763
Sternberg im Grabfeld (Bavaria)
Sternberg in the grave field

Location of Sternberg im Grabfeld in Bavaria

Sternberg im Grabfeld is a district of Sulzdorf an der Lederhecke in the Lower Franconian district of Rhön-Grabfeld ( Bavaria ).

geography

The parish village is located in the Lower Franconian part of the Grabfeld on the border with the Free State of Thuringia ( Heldburger Land ).

history

12th to 15th centuries

Heinrich II. († 1228), son of Poppo V. von Irmelshausen from a branch line of the Counts of Henneberg , had received the area around Sternberg in the grave field from the Hochstift Eichstätt as a fief . He had a castle built at the foot of the “Sterinbercs” and around 1199 moved his headquarters from Irmelshausen to Sternberg. The name of the mountain thus passed on to the line of the Lords of Sternberg founded by Heinrich II . The castle and the settlement developing at its foot also later took on the name Sternberg.

The most important and last representative of the family was Heinrich's son Berthold II († 1287), who was Bishop of Würzburg . Soon after the death of the last ancestor Albert von Sternberg († between 1253 and 1255), the eldest son of Poppo VII. Von Henneberg, Count Heinrich III. von Henneberg († 1262) through the mediation of Count Adalbert von Dillingen in 1255 the enfeoffment with the Eichstättischen fiefs of the Sternberg line. The father of Albrechts von Sternberg was in the battle of Metzels against the father of Heinrich III. killed in 1228. Sternberg thus came to the main line of the Counts of Henneberg. The castle was administered from 1297 by officials ( Ministeriale ) who called themselves "von Sternberg" after their seat and were enfeoffed with the Callenberg Castle near Coburg from 1317 .

Through two divisions of the Henneberg-Schleusingen line in 1347 and 1353, the place and castle Sternberg came to the heir daughter Elisabeth von Henneberg-Schleusingen († 1389), who was married to Count Eberhard II of Württemberg . He sold Sternberg in 1354 to the Würzburg monastery , which also meant that his feudal membership of the Eichstätt monastery became extinct.

The Hochstift awarded several fiefs , so that Sternberg Castle became one of the largest Ganerbe castles in the Hochstift Würzburg. The Counts of Henneberg- (Aschach-) Römhild in 1400 the castle and the Sternberg office as a pledge, in 1412 through purchase from the Würzburg monastery. The first division of the Römhild line took place in 1485, with Sternberg falling to the Roman part under Count Friedrich II of Henneberg-Aschach († 1488). The place was later returned to the Würzburg monastery.

16th to 18th century

The evangelical knight family Truchseß von Wetzhausen , whose members were in the service of the prince-bishops of Würzburg, acquired more and more castle shares from 1450 onwards. From the middle of the 16th century they were the sole owners of Sternberg.

The von Sternberg knight dynasty, which from 1317 was in the feudal possession of Callenberg Castle near Coburg, died out in 1588. The property in Callenberg, which has been in Wettin since 1354, went to Duke Johann Casimir von Sachsen-Coburg as an "open fiefdom" .

In the Thirty Years' War , Sternberg was devastated by the Weimar army around 1632. The then lord of the village, Philipp Albrecht Truchseß von Wetzhausen, was appointed by the Swedes as bailiff in Mainberg . In 1631 he participated in the death of the Catholic priest of Altenmünster , Liborius Wagner .

In 1667/69, Philipp Albrecht's son Wolff Dietrich had the new, splendid baroque castle Sternberg built in place of the dilapidated castle , which is considered one of the most beautiful in Franconia . In 1685 the locksmith builder founded a Catholic parish. In 1673 he had the parish church of the Holy Cross built in the moat. Before that, Sternberg was the seat of an evangelical parish for a longer period of time.

In 1695 the stately property in Sternberg and the neighboring communities was sold to the Würzburg Prince-Bishop Johann Gottfried von Guttenberg from the family of the Barons von Guttenberg . In addition to the town and Sternberg Castle, Sulzdorf an der Lederhecke also belonged to the Sternberg manor, which remained in the possession of the barons of Guttenberg until 1806.

19th and 20th centuries

With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, the mediatization of imperial direct classes began on a larger scale. The Sternberg manor was abolished as part of the domain of the Barons von Guttenberg with the Rhine Confederation Act of 1806 and incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Würzburg .

With the dissolution of the Rhine Confederation in 1814, the existence of the Grand Duchy of Würzburg also ended. By resolution of the Congress of Vienna , most of it fell to the Kingdom of Bavaria . In the course of the administrative reforms in Bavaria, the municipality was created with the municipal edict of 1818 . From 1817 Sternberg belonged to the Lower Main District , which was renamed Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg (later only Lower Franconia) in 1838 . The castle remained in the possession of the Barons zu Guttenberg until 1838 , who sold it to Ernst I of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha . In 1846, the then Bavarian King Ludwig I finally acquired the property from Ernst II of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha . After his abdication in 1848, the facility changed hands several times.

Sternberg belonged to the Königshofen Regional Court and from 1862 to the Königshofen District Office in Grabfeld. This has belonged to the Free State of Bavaria since 1918 . The Königshofen district office was renamed the Königshofen district in Grabfeld in 1939 .

Sternberg Castle was used as a National Socialist SA training camp between 1933 and 1945 . After the Second World War it housed refugees and was returned to its last owner, a religious association, in 1947.

As part of the regional reform on July 1, 1972, the previous districts of Königshofen im Grabfeld and Mellrichstadt were incorporated into the Bad Neustadt an der Saale district. On May 1, 1973 it was renamed the Rhön-Grabfeld district. On January 1, 1978, Sternberg was incorporated into the community of Sulzdorf an der Lederhecke .

In 1997, when the district road from Obereßfeld to Sternberg was expanded, the largest Neolithic settlement to date was discovered in the Rhön-Grabfeld district, impressive evidence that the area has been inhabited for at least 6000 years.

Attractions

Sternberg Castle

See also: List of architectural monuments in Sulzdorf an der Lederhecke # Sternberg im Grabfeld

  • Catholic parish of Sternberg: Holy Cross with Zimmerau branch and St. Peter and Paul
  • Catholic parish church of St. Wendelin
  • Sternberg Castle
  • 38 meter high observation tower Bayernturm between Zimmerau and Sternberg

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "stero" comes from Old High German and means Widderberg
  2. ↑ Schloss Sternberg in the Rhön Lexicon
  3. ^ The Counts of Henneberg, p. 106
  4. ↑ Stone Age settlement near Sternberg in the Rhön Lexicon