Stem message

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Stem message
Atriplex longipes 3 Rügen 8-2008 (Eckhard Garve) .jpg

Stem-melde ( Atriplex longipes )

Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Foxtail family (Amaranthaceae)
Subfamily : Chenopodioideae
Tribe : Atripliceae
Genre : Report ( Atriplex )
Type : Stem message
Scientific name
Atriplex longipes
Drejer

The Stiel-Melde ( Atriplex longipes ) is a species of the kind of the report ( Atriplex ) in the family of the foxtail plants (Amaranthaceae).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The Stiel-Melde is an annual herbaceous plant . The upright stem is branched at the base with long, arch-like ascending branches and reaches a length of usually 20 to 60 cm (up to 90 cm). The leaves are alternate (the lowest also opposite) on the stem. Their leaf blades, green on both sides, are triangular-spear-shaped, occasionally elliptical, and somewhat wedge-shaped at the base.

Inflorescence and flower

The Stiel-Melde is single sexed ( monoecious ). Male flowers contain five bracts ( tepals ) and five stamens . Female flowers, which only consist of the ovary , are enveloped by two pre-leaves that are only fused at the base . With a length of 5 to 20 mm (up to 25 mm), these are triangular to rhombic-triangular, with entire margins or weakly serrated, with a smooth back without appendages. It is characteristic of the species that most of the bracts are about 5 to 15 mm long (rarely up to 30 mm) long.

The flowering period is stated to be May to June for Germany and July to August for the Russian Baltic coast. The pollination is usually done by the wind, but can also be caused by insects or by self-pollination.

Fruit and seeds

There are two types of seeds ( heterocarpy ): reddish-black, somewhat convex to flat seeds with a diameter of mostly 1.2 to 1.8 (rarely up to 2.5) mm and red-brown, concave seeds with a diameter of 2.0 to 4.0 mm.

The spread of the fruit surrounded by the before leaves occurs through the water ( hydrochory ). According to Suchorukow (2007), the diaspores can swim for a long time. The extended section of the pre-leaves serves as a counterweight to the pre-leaf part, which contains the fruit.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

Photosynthetic pathway

The Stiel-Melde is a C 3 plant with normal leaf anatomy .

Occurrence and endangerment

The distribution area of ​​the Stiel-Melde includes the sea coasts of Western Europe and southern Scandinavia , the United Kingdom and the Netherlands in the west to Finland in the east. Their habitat is brackish water - salt marshes .

In Germany, the Stiel-Melde is native to salt plant corridors on the coasts of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea .

While the Stiel-Melde is not endangered in Lower Saxony and Bremen , its populations in Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg are considered to be threatened with extinction ( Red List of Endangered Species 1).

Systematics

The Stiel-Melde ( Atriplex longipes ) belongs within the genus Atriplex to the section Teutliopsis Dumort. Together with the early report ( Atriplex praecox Hülph. ) And Atriplex nudicaulis Bogusl. it is combined to form the Atriplex longipes aggregate.

The first description of Atriplex longipes was made in 1838 by Solomon Thomas Nicolai Drejer in Flora excursoria hafniensis , p 107. synonyms of Atriplex longipes Drejer are Atriplex prostrata var. Longipes (Drejer) Meijden and Atriplex stipitata var. Longipes (Drejer) Westerl.

Atriplex longipes tends to form hybrids with Atriplex prostrata .

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 , pp. 92 . (Section Description, Hybrid Formation)
  • Alexander P. Suchorukow: On the systematics and chorology of the Atriplex species (Chenopodiaceae) occurring in Russia and the neighboring states (within the borders of the former USSR). In: Annals of the Natural History Museum in Vienna , Series B, Volume 108, 2007, p. 370. (PDF file; 32.9 MB) (sections description, chromosome number, systematics)
  • TG Tutin, NA Burges, AO Chater, JR Edmondson, VH Heywood, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (Eds.): Flora Europaea . 2nd, revised edition. Volume 1: Psilotaceae to Platanaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge / New York / Melbourne 1993, ISBN 0-521-41007-X , pp. 117 (English, limited preview in Google Book search). (Section description)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Entry at BiolFlor
  2. ↑ a b Gudrun Kadereit, Evgeny V. Mavrodiev, Elizabeth H. Zacharias, Alexander P. Sukhorukov: Molecular phylogeny of Atripliceae (Chenopodioideae, Chenopodiaceae): Implications for systematics, biogeography, flower and fruit evolution, and the origin of C4 Photosynthesis. In: American Journal of Botany , Volume 97, No. 10, 2010, pp. 1664-1687.
  3. ↑ a b Pertti Uotila, 2011: Chenopodiaceae (pro parte majore) . - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Atriplex longipes . Entry on PESI portal .
  4. ↑ Stiel-Report. In: FloraWeb.de.

Web links

Commons : Stiel-Melde ( Atriplex longipes )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files