Voluntary Tatra Rescue Service
The Voluntary Tatra Rescue Service (TOPR; Polish Tatrzańskie Ochotnicze Pogotowie Ratunkowe ) is active in the mountain rescue service and nature conservation in Poland . Outside the Tatra Mountains , the Polish Voluntary Mountain Rescue Service (GOPR) is an aid organization in the rescue service in the Polish mountains. The headquarters of TOPR and GOPR are both in Zakopane .
tasks
The tasks of the mountain rescue service are diverse:
Save lives:
- Rescue (and recovery) of fatal casualties from alpine and impassable terrain
- Height rescue
- Medical care for accident victims
- Searching for missing persons (see also Search and Rescue )
- Rescue from avalanches , ravines and caves
- Care and support for relatives ( crisis intervention service )
- Support of the ground-based rescue service and disaster control
Preserve nature:
- Implementation of nature protection strips and nature conservation projects
- Support of the nature conservation watch and nature conservation councils
- Support of the funded nature conservation projects
- Public and youth work in nature and environmental protection
TOPR has 250 members, 140 of whom are active in mountain rescue. 33 are professional mountain rescuers, the others are voluntary helpers.
history
The Polish Tatra Society , founded in 1873, advocated the establishment of a mountain rescue service in the Tatra Mountains as early as the 19th century. The immediate reason for the establishment was the avalanche death of the Polish composer Mieczysław Karłowicz on February 8, 1909 at Czarny Staw Gąsienicowy in the High Tatras . In the same year TOPR was entered in the register of associations in Lviv , the capital of Galicia at that time . Mountaineer Mariusz Zaruski became chairman . The seat of the association was the Tatra train station , a Zakopane-style villa that, contrary to its name, was never used as a train station.
The first mountain rescuer to die in a rescue operation was the mountain guide Klemens Bachleda .
During the German occupation, the TOPR was disbanded and the volunteer Tatra mountain rescue service was introduced.
In 1952 the TOPR was merged into the newly founded GOPR. In 1956 the regional association of GOPR Tatras was established.
TOPR was spun off from GOPR again in 1991 and has been independent again since then. The GOPR records around 10 missions per day.
In 1999 TOPR joined the International Commission for Alpine Rescue ( ICAR ).
TOPR carries out almost 500 missions per year, of which approx. 400 accidents involving hikers, approx. 20 accidents involving climbers, approx. 10 accidents involving extreme skiers and a few accidents involving caves. Rescue helicopters are on average every other day.
Chair of the TOPR
-
TOPR 1909–1956:
- Mariusz Zaruski 1909–1914
- Józef Oppenheim 1914–1939
- Zbigniew Korosadowicz 1945
- Tadeusz Pawłowski 1952
- Zygmunt Wójcik 1953–1956
-
GOPR Tatra 1956-1991:
- Zygmunt Wójcik 1956-1960
- Eugeniusz Strzeboński 1960–1964
- Zygmunt Wójcik 1964–1966
- Michał Gajewski 1967–1969
- Ryszard Drągowski 1969–1972
- Michał Jagiełło 1972–1974
- Tadeusz Ewy 1974-1976
- Stanisław Janik 1976–1977
- Ryszard Szafirski 1977-1988
- Jerzy Klimiński 1978–1981
- Jan Komornicki 1981–1982
- Stanisław Łukaszczyk 1982–1987
- Jan Komornicki 1987
- Piotr Malinowski 1987-1991
-
TOPR from 1991:
- Piotr Malinowski 1991-1993
- Robert Janik 1993-1998
- to Krzysztof from 1998 to date.
Honors
In 2008 , the Polish Post dedicated a special stamp to the TOPR to mark its centenary. In the same year a memorial plaque and a summit cross for the TOPR were placed on the Rysy . They have now been removed. In 2008 the documentary Na każde wezwanie naczelnika was released to mark the 100th anniversary of the TOPR .
See also
proof
- Marek Grocholski, Rok po roku, Tatry , autumn 2009, volume 30, pages 60-69, Tatrzański Park Narodowy, ISSN 0867-4531
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 17 ′ 5.1 ″ N , 19 ° 57 ′ 53 ″ E