Telemidae

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Telemidae
Telema tenella

Telema tenella

Systematics
Class : Arachnids (arachnida)
Order : Spiders (Araneae)
Subordination : Real spiders (Araneomorphae)
Partial order : Haplogynae
Superfamily : Leptonetoidea
Family : Telemidae
Scientific name
Telemidae
Fage , 1913
Distribution map of the Telemidae

The Telemidae are a family of true spiders and comprise nine genera and 62 species . (As of June 2016)

While the range of this spider family in Europe is limited to Spain and France , it occurs in all of Africa and with the United States in almost all of North America . In Asia they can be found in China , Japan , Malaysia , New Guinea and Sumatra .

features

The Telemidae are spiders up to 2 millimeters in size, their brown color usually shimmering bluish. The abdomen ( abdominal ) tends to be oblong-shaped. At the transition from the rear to the front body there are sclerites arranged in a zigzag . These are more pronounced in the males than in the females. The four spinnerets are grouped around the large, rhombic colulus , the anterior spinnerets being made up of two segments and the posterior central spinnerets being tetrahedral . Their cylindrical spinning glands show strong sexual dimorphisms . The sexual organs are haplogyn, that is, they are simply structured. The female genitals consist of a single, large sperm library . The male spermatophore has the shape of a ribbon and is located on the cymbium . The animals have no book lung , but only two pairs of tracheas . The rear pair is at the level of the middle of the abdomen. The chitinous back shield of the front body, the so-called carapace , is somewhat wider than it is long. The sternum on the ventral side resembles a T. While some species of Telemidae have no eyes at all, other species have six eyes arranged in three pairs. There are three claws on the long, thin legs, which are covered with fine spines. There is no trichobothrium on the spider's foot . The jaw claws ( Chelicere ) have teeth in both furrows.

Way of life

Most of the time the spiders in this family burrow in the wild. However, some species mainly live in caves created by waste.

Systematics

External system

Phylogenetically , the Telemidae Leptonetidae are compared as sister taxons. This group in turn is seen as a sister group of Ochyroceratidae . A cladogram of the Haplogynae is shown below:


 Entelegynae


  Haplogynae  

 Dyderoidae + Caponiidae + Tetrablemmidae


  NN  

 Pholcidae + Diguetidae + Plectreuridae


  Scytodoidea  

 Scytodidae + Sicariidae + Drymusidae


  NN  

 Ochyroceratidae


  NN  

 Leptonetidae


   

 Telemidae







Internal system

The World Spider Catalog currently lists nine genera and 62 species for the Telemidae. (As of June 2016)

Web links

Commons : Telemidae  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Telemidae in the World Spider Catalog

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern: World Spider Catalog Version 17.0 - Amaurobiidae . Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  2. ↑ a b c d Rudy Jocqué, Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman: Spider Families of the World . Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren 2007, ISBN 90-75894-85-6 , p. 336.