Thymbra spicata
| Thymbra spicata | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thymbra spicata |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Thymbra spicata | ||||||||||||
| L. |
Thymbra spicata is a plant type from the family of the mint (Lamiaceae). It isnative tothe southeastern Mediterranean, including the Middle East, from Greece and Israel to Iran .
description
Appearance and foliage leaf
Thymbra spicata is an upright, small shrub with heights of growth of up to 45 centimeters. The ascending, square branches have a sometimes purple to reddish bark with short, backward-pointing trichomes . In the leaf axils there are short shoots in dense clusters.
The opposite, simple , entire , lanceolate , sessile leaves are up to 18 millimeters long and 3 millimeters wide. You are at significantly more pronounced midrib keeled and abundant with round, reddish glandular dotted. The leaf surfaces are largely bare, but have short trichomes on the midrib and ciliate leaf edges.
Inflorescence, flower and fruit
The flowering period extends essentially from May to August. The approximately 40 millimeters long and sometimes longer inflorescences are thyrsenic with compact pseudo whorls . They contain foliage-like, sometimes colored bracts and lanceolate, very pointed, ciliate and generally colored bracts .
The hermaphrodite and zygomorphic flowers have a double flower envelope . The five leather-like coarse, about 4.5 to 6.5 millimeters long sepals are fused tubular. They generally have spherical, reddish glands and two lateral , clearly hairy longitudinal ribs. The calyx tube is narrower in the central area between the 2.5 millimeter long lower calyx lobes and the 1.2 millimeter long calyx teeth. The five purple, sometimes white, petals are fused to form a crown measuring about 12 millimeters with the undivided, notched upper lip and the three-lobed lower lip. There are four stamens with curved stamens protruding beyond the crown . The stylus ends in a two-part scar .
The ellipsoidal clauses measure 1.2 × 1.5 millimeters.
Chromosome number and ingredients
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.
Like all species of the genus, Thymbra spicata contains a high proportion of essential oils from the aromatic group of phenols .
Occurrence
Thymbra spicata is distributed in the south-eastern Mediterranean and countries of the Middle East from Greece to Turkey , Israel , Jordan , Lebanon , Syria and Iraq to Iran . This species inhabits calcareous , schisty-loamy, deep, gray soils in stony-rocky environments as well as formations of hard-leaf vegetation such as Phrygana and Batha at altitudes of up to 1400 meters. They can also be found in biotope types such as pastures , roadsides and sometimes on uncultivated, ruderal cultivated areas. She is the Calabrian pine , the Gall-oak and rock lips TYPES - - also from the subfamily Nepetoideae socialized to be found.
Systematics
Thymbra spicata was in 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , Volume 2, page 569 first published . A synonym for Thymbra spicata L. is Thymbra verticillata L.
There are two subspecies within the species :
- Thymbra spicata L. subsp. spicata - the nominotypical taxon with hairs either on the first internode or on the first two internodes of the branches below the uppermost flower whorls; the leaves are ciliate at the base; the bracts are ciliate up to about the middle of the leaf margin and sometimes colored; the bracts are densely ciliate with short hairs; the calyx is hairless. The flowering period is between May and August, exceptionally in March. The distribution area extends from Greece to western Iran.
- Thymbra spicata subsp. intricata (PHDavis) R.Morales with smaller branches hairy on several internodes; the leaves with long eyelashes; the somewhat less numerous inflorescences with generally warty or short hairs on both sides along the midrib, no or hardly ciliated and bracts colored against the leaf edges at the leaf tip; the sublashes are ciliate with short hairs towards the middle of the leaf and in places with long hairs towards the tip of the leaf; the calyx is often hairy. The flowering period is between June and August. This subspecies occurs on Rhodes and in southwestern Turkey .
swell
literature
Ramón Morales Valverde: El género Thymbra L. (Labiatae) . In: Jardín Botánico de Madrid (ed.): Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid . tape 44 , no. 2 . El Jardín, Madrid 1987, 4. Thymbra spicata L., Sp. Pl .: 569 (1753), pp. 371 to 378 (Spanish, [2] online (PDF; 4,173.18 kB) [accessed April 24, 2011]).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum . Vol. 2. Ed .: Lars Salvius. 1st edition. Stockholm 1753, p. 569 ( [1] Online [accessed April 20, 2011] Thymbra spicata L. in scan from www.biodiversitylibrary.org).
- ^ A b Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Thymbra - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on January 11, 2018.
