Trans-Mongolian Railway

Ulan-Ude-Jining
Ulaanbaatar train station
Route length:	2215 km
Gauge :	Ulan Ude - Eren Hot: 1520 mm Eren Hot - Jining: 1435 mm
Legend Trans-Siberia from Moscow ( Yaroslavl Railway Station ) Ulan-Ude Trans-Siberian to Vladivostok 0 Saudinsky Medetjikovo Sajantun Selenga 38 Schalut Goose urino Orongoi 83 Ubukun Sovchos Telman sulfate Sagustai Barat Murtoi 151 Gussinoje Osero Temnik Buticha 204 Jida Khushir Charanchoi 247 Nauschki 253/0 Russia / Mongolia border 12 Choia 23 Süchbaatar 34 Schaamar 1 43 Schaamar 2 49 Dulaan 62 Eröö 73 Orkhon 96 Enchtal 104 Burentolgoy 122 Darchan 1 127/0 Darchan 2 27 Kilometer 27 42 Kilometer 42 52 Km 52 63 Sharyn Gol 132 Km 132 144 Tsandam 152 Km 152 157/0 Salchite Nomgon 29 Chot oil 52 Belendalai 72 Orchontüül 91 Km 91 97 Km 97 109 Kilometer 109 121 Changal Ulaantolgoi 164 Earthed 168 Kilometer 168 179 Km 179 196 Km 196 201 Brüncharaa 221 Berch 231 Dsüüncharaa 241 Orchiröö 246 Kilometer 246 253 Unnegkt 264 Narst 274 Whitewash 284 Kilometer 284 290 Km 290 295 Shatanga 300 Bajanbuural 306 Kilometer 306 314 Mandal 324 Km 324 335 Nogoontolgoi 344 partisan 347 Kilometer 347 354 Raschaant 361 Garam 369 Dawaa 378 Emeelt 395/0 Tolgoite 5 Sonsgolon 20th Songino 407 Ulaanbaatar 412 Amgalan 418 Tuul 430/0 Choir 14th Nalaich Bumbat 450 Bayan Chairhan 468 Choolt 477 Tsagaan Chiar 487 Tschuluut 497 Changai 509/0 Bagachangai 42 Bulagtai 53 Kilometer 53 82 Gungaluut 94 Baganuur 521 Maanit 546 Aguit 573 Naran-Elgen 598 Oortsor-Enger 621 Km 621 649 Tschoir 671 Schiwee Owoo 683 Schiweegow 702 Oil sit 718 Olon Owoo 728 Tsomog 752/0 Airag 32 Km 32 60 Bor-Öndör 764 Km 764 780 Altgany Gol 793 No. 31 805 No. 32 819 Ulchi Owoo 831 No. 34 845 Sumbet 856 No. 36 876/0 Sainschand Railway line Sainschand – Dsüünbajan 25th Kilometer 25 50 Dsuunbayan 885 No. 38 894 No. 39 907 Tuschleg 918 No. 41 928 No. 42 939 Orgön 951 No. 44 954 No. 45 964 Doloodyn Chondii 986 Ulaan Uul 1006 Nomt 1018 Tsagaan Chad 1027 No. 50 1033 Sumangiin Soo 1046 Awgyn Gol 1049 Kilometer 1049 1069 Nartyn Choschuu 1091 Shargyn Owoo 1111 Zamyn-Üüd 1115 Urd Mongolia / China border Eren Hot border and lane change station Sonid Youqi Qahar Youyi Houqi Jining to Beijing

The Trans-Mongolian Railway is a railway line that runs from Ulan-Ude in Russia via Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia to Jining in China . It is a branch of the Trans-Siberian Railway and the shortest railway connection between Moscow and Beijing .

History and ownership

In 1940 the railroad reached the Russian-Mongolian border from the north and in 1950 Ulaanbaatar (Russian: Ulan Bator). The extension to the Chinese border took place until 1955. Jining, the terminus of the Trans-Mongolian Railway in the east Chinese province of Shandong , was reached in 1961. For the operation and maintenance of the route network, an agreement between the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People's Republic was made in 1949 , which is still valid today. Since then, the Trans-Mongolian Railway has been owned by a Russian-Mongolian joint-stock company , which remains unchanged under the name Ulan Bator Railway Company (UBZD AG). The main shareholders are the Russian and Mongolian states. UBZD AG is the most important provider of transport services in Mongolia. Society accounts for more than 60 percent of the country's freight transport. The Ulan Bator Railway has a 1,815-kilometer route network and employs around 16,000 people (2017).

Infrastructure and technology

Chassis change in Eren Hot

Russian engineering, technology and standards dominate the Trans-Mongolian Railway. The tracks were therefore built up to the Chinese border in the broad gauge customary in Russia . The gauge change to the standard gauge used in China takes place at the train station in Eren Hot . In Mongolia the line is single-track , in China it is double-track. From the Russian-Mongolian to the Mongolian-Chinese border, the Trans-Mongolian Railway has a total length of exactly 1,111 kilometers.

A number of branch lines connect other cities in Mongolia. They lead to Erdenet and Bajan-Nuur , among others . In addition to the train station in the capital Ulaanbaatar, there are other important train stations such as Süchbaatar , Darchan , Tschoir , Sainschand and Zamyn-Üüd . Most of the lines of the Trans-Mongolian Railway are not yet electrified, the trains are operated with diesel locomotives. The locomotives used are the 2M62 and 2ТЭ10Л (2TE10L) double locomotives , which were built in Luhansk , Ukraine . Few DASH-7 locomotives were imported from the USA . As a rule, locomotives are used in multiple traction. In the event of interruptions due to technical defects, this has the advantage that no replacement vehicles have to be requested and the route is therefore not blocked.

business

The Trans-Mongolian Railway in the Gobi

Mainly freight trains roll over the route network day and night . In addition, around 30 percent of all passenger traffic in Mongolia is handled on the Mongolian section. Once a week a continuous train, operated alternately by the Chinese State Railways and the Russian Railways (RZD), runs from Moscow via Ulaanbaatar to Beijing and vice versa. At 6,266 kilometers, this is the shortest rail link between the Chinese and Russian capital. The dining car changes in each country so that the traveler can enjoy Chinese, Mongolian and Russian cuisine on the way. The trip takes five days and costs between 635 and 1,415 euros (as of 2017), depending on the class. In addition to the Mongolian steppe, the Trans-Mongolian Railway crosses the Gobi Desert and Inner Mongolia , where the route sometimes runs directly past the Great Wall of China .

See also

• Rail transport in Mongolia
• Mongolyn Tömör Dsam

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Information for the Russian section after: Н.П.Лагутина, Т.Ю. Набокова u. Т.П. Филатова: Атлас Железные Дороги . Омск 2010, p. 63.
2. ↑ Information for the Mongolian section based on a route map from 2006 that was posted in a Mongolian passenger car .
3. ^ Udo B. Barkmann: Documents on Foreign and Security Policy of Mongolia 1990-2015. Böhlau Verlag, 2016, p. 21.
4. ↑ Markus Jaklitsch: RZD helps Ulan Bator Railway (UBZD) on the jumps. in: Logistik Express. Trade journal for trade, industry, transport, purchasing and logistics. 08/27/2009.
5. ^ Udo B. Barkmann: Documents on Foreign and Security Policy of Mongolia 1990-2015. Böhlau Verlag, 2016, p. 21.
6. ↑ Rail prices 2016/17 Transsibirische Eisenbahn , transsibirische-eisenbahn.de, accessed on July 7, 2017.
7. ↑ Trans-Siberian Railway , gleisnost.de, accessed on 7 July 2017th
8. ↑ ibid