Ulan-Ude

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city
Ulan-Ude
Улан-Удэ ( Russian )
Улаан-Үдэ ( Buryat )
flag coat of arms
flag
coat of arms
Federal district far East
republic Buryatia
Urban district Ulan-Ude
head Alexander Golkov
Founded 1666
Earlier names Udinskoje simowje (until 1680)
Udinski ostrog (1680–1690)
Udinsk (1690–1735)
Verkhneudinsk or Verkhne-Udinsk (1735–1934)
City since 1775
surface 377  km²
population 404,426 inhabitants
(as of Oct. 14, 2010)
Population density 1073 inhabitants / km²
Height of the center 530  m
Time zone UTC + 8
Telephone code (+7) 3012
Post Code 670000-670051
License Plate 03
OKATO 81 401
Website www.ulan-ude-eg.ru
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 50 '  N , 107 ° 37'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 50 '0 "  N , 107 ° 37' 0"  E
Ulan-Ude (Russia)
Red pog.svg
Situation in Russia
Ulan-Ude (Republic of Buryatia)
Red pog.svg
Location in Buryatia
List of cities in Russia

Ulan-Ude ( Russian Улан-Удэ ; Buryat Улаан-Үдэ , Ulaan-Ùde ) is the capital of the Russian republic of Buryatia in southeastern Siberia . It has 404,426 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) and is the cultural, political and economic center of the region. The city is internationally known for being a railway hub in the Russian Far East .

geography

location

Ulan-Ude is about 4,400 km east of Moscow , 150 km southeast of Lake Baikal and at about 600 m above sea level. NN at the confluence of the Uda in the Selenga .

City structure

The city is divided into the city districts ( Rajons ):

  • Soviet rajon
  • Zheleznodorozhny rajon
  • Oktyabrsky rajon

climate

The climate is typical of Siberia on the border between semi-arid ( BSk ), monsoon-continental ( Dwb ) and sub-arctic ( Dwc ) with long, icy cold and dry winters and moderately long, very warm and humid summers, although the winter temperatures are less extreme than are further north.

Ulan-Ude
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
5
 
-18
-29
 
 
3
 
-13
-26
 
 
2
 
-1
-15
 
 
7th
 
9
-5
 
 
13
 
18th
3
 
 
40
 
24
9
 
 
72
 
26th
13
 
 
59
 
23
11
 
 
27
 
16
4th
 
 
8th
 
6th
-5
 
 
10
 
-6
-16
 
 
12
 
-15
-24
Temperature in ° Cprecipitation in mm
Source: Roshydromet
Monthly average temperatures and rainfall for Ulan-Ude
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) −18.3 −12.9 −1.2 8.7 18.0 24.0 25.7 23.2 16.2 6.2 −5.8 −14.7 O 5.8
Min. Temperature (° C) −28.6 −26.1 −15.1 −4.6 2.5 9.4 13.3 11.1 3.7 −4.9 −15.6 −23.9 O −6.5
Precipitation ( mm ) 5 3 2 7th 13 40 72 59 27 8th 10 12 Σ 258
Rainy days ( d ) 1 1 1 2 3 6th 9 7th 5 2 3 3 Σ 43
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
−18.3
−28.6
−12.9
−26.1
−1.2
−15.1
8.7
−4.6
18.0
2.5
24.0
9.4
25.7
13.3
23.2
11.1
16.2
3.7
6.2
−4.9
−5.8
−15.6
−14.7
−23.9
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g
5
3
2
7th
13
40
72
59
27
8th
10
12
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: Roshydromet

economy

Ulan-Ude is a traffic junction at the junction of the Trans-Siberian and Trans-Mongolian railways . The city is the cultural and economic center of Transbaikalia . Urban public transport consists of a tram network as well as bus and marshrutka lines. In addition, the State Aircraft Plant No. 99 is located here. a. also produces the Mil Mi-14 , Mil Mi-8 and the Sukhoi Su-25 .

traffic

The trunk road R258 , which starts in Chita and is a section of the Asian trunk road AH6 , runs through the city. The federally important A340 highway begins in Ulan-Ude . It connects the Republic of Buryatia over 245 kilometers with the border with Mongolia at Kjachta . It is part of the Asian Highway AH3 . The Baikal Airport is the largest in the republic of Buryatia is situated 15 km west of the city.

history

The settlement of Udinskoje (Russian Уди́нское ) was founded in 1666 as a wintering station by Cossacks on the Uda, a tributary of the Selenga, and in 1775 as Verkhneudinsk (Russian Верхнеуди́нск ) was raised to the city. After a major fire in 1878, the city was completely rebuilt. From 1923 to 1992 it was the capital of the Buryat ASSR within the RSFSR , since July 27, 1934 under its current name Ulan-Ude (Buryat for Red Uda ). Today the city is the capital of the autonomous republic of Buryatia within Russia.

Population development

The center of Ulan-Ude from a bird's eye view
year Residents
1897 8,086
1926 33,713
1939 125,690
1959 175.172
1970 253,569
1979 300,370
1989 352,530
2002 359.391
2010 404.426

Note: census data

Attractions

Not far from Ulan-Ude, near the village of Ivolginsk , there is a Buddhist monastery ( Iwolginski Dazan ).

Eight kilometers northeast of the city is the Ethnographic Museum of Transbaikaliens , which testifies to the historical presence of various ethnic groups in the region:

On the south-eastern outskirts of the city is the "Hun city" ( Ivolginsk ring wall settlement ) with the remains of a Xiongnu city from the 3rd – 1st centuries. BC century, one of the largest archaeological sites in the region.

The city is also known for its monumental Lenin monument . With a face height of 7.70 meters and weight around 42 tons, this monument is the largest portrait bust in the world.

In Ulan-Ude there are also several Orthodox church buildings, including the Hodegetria Cathedral (Odigitrijewski sobor).

Further educational institutions

Ulan-Ude is the seat of several universities and colleges.

Town twinning

Ulan-Ude lists the following seventeen twin cities :

city country since
Anyang Korea SouthSouth Korea Gyeonggi, South Korea 1997
Changchun China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China Northeast China, People's Republic of China 2000
Darchan MongoliaMongolia Mongolia 1967
Donetsk Greater Coat of Arms of Donetsk (1995) .svg UkraineUkraine Ukraine 2011
Earthed Mn coa erdenet.png MongoliaMongolia Orkhon, Mongolia 2002
Eren Hot China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China 2011
Haeju Korea NorthNorth Korea Hwanghae, North Korea 2012
Hohhot China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China 2000
Hulun Buir China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China 2015
Lanzhou China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China Northwest China, People's Republic of China 2016
Manjur China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China 1993
Rumoi Flag of Rumoi, Hokkaido.svg JapanJapan Hokkaidō, Japan 1972
Taipei Emblem of Taipei City.svg TaiwanRepublic of China (Taiwan) Taiwan 1996
Ulaanbaatar Ulaanbaatar.svg MongoliaMongolia Mongolia 2000
Ulanqab China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China 2018
Yamagata Flag of Yamagata, Yamagata.svg JapanJapan Honshū, Japan 1991
Yeongwol Korea SouthSouth Korea Gangwon, South Korea 2014

military

The 11th Air Storm Brigade of the Russian Airborne Forces is stationed in Ulan-Ude .

In the period from February 1959 to June 1959, the first strictly secret training course for the future senior and technical officers of the NVA anti-aircraft missile troops (FRT) , which were to be subordinated to the Air Force and Air Defense Command, was held in Ulan-Ude . The first technology to be introduced was the SA-75 "Dwina" anti-aircraft missile complex. Staff from the Czechoslovak and Polish People's Armies also took part in the course.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities related to the city

swell

  1. a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
  2. Article on the busts of Karl Marx in Chemnitz and Lenin in Ulan Ude ( Memento of the original from August 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dnn-online.de
  3. Зарубежные города-побратимы. Retrieved June 20, 2019 .
  4. Города-побратимы. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
  5. Article on the history of the GDR air force / air defense

Web links

Commons : Ulan-Ude  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Ulan-Ude  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations