Nizhneangarsk

Urban-type settlement Nizhneangarsk Нижнеангарск Federal district far East republic Buryatia Rajon Severo-Baikalsky Founded 1643 Urban-type settlement since 1938 population 5030 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Height of the center 460  m Time zone UTC + 8 Telephone code (+7) 30130 Post Code 671710 License Plate 03 OKATO 81 245 555 Geographical location Coordinates 55 ° 47 '  N , 109 ° 33'  E Coordinates: 55 ° 46 '30 "  N , 109 ° 33' 30"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in Buryatia

Nizhneangarsk ( Russian: Нижнеанга́рск ) is an urban-type settlement in the autonomous republic of Buryatia ( Russia ) with 5030 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The settlement is located at the northern end of Lake Baikal , on the western edge of the common delta of the Upper Angara and Kitschera rivers , near the mouth of the Kitschera. Nizhneangarsk is located about 450 kilometers (as the crow flies) north-northeast of the republic capital Ulan-Ude .

The settlement is the administrative center of the Rajons Severo-Baikalski (North Baikal ).

history

The history of the place goes back to the founding year 1643, when Russian Cossacks under Semjon Skorochod reached Lake Baikal from the upper Lena during their expansion in Siberia . In 1646, Wassili Kolesnik had an ostrog built, the first Russian settlement on Lake Baikal, in what was originally Evenk territory. The exact location of the Ostrog is unknown.

The settlement was initially given the name Verkhneangarsk , meaning Ober-Angara settlement , after the river that flows into the lake not far. The current name, such as Unter-Angara-Siedlung , was not established until the end of the 19th century and refers to the location near the lower reaches of the river.

Since the main direction of Russian expansion in Eastern Siberia and Transbaikalia shifted to their southern areas in the 17th century (founding of Irkutsk 1661, Nerchinsk 1658, Sretensk 1689), Verkhne- and Nizhneangarsk remained insignificant, but had local importance as a fishing base for the Northern part of Lake Baikal and the rivers that flow into it. At the end of the 19th century, the five villages in the area around the northern end of Lake Baikal with the administrative center in Nizhneangarsk together had less than 1,000 inhabitants.

In connection with the first plans for the construction of the Baikal-Amur-Magistrale (BAM), the place - meanwhile also the administrative center of the Severo-Baikalski Rajon (North Baikal), which was about 75,000 km² at the time - was given the status of an urban-type settlement in 1938.

With the construction of the Baikal-Amur-Magistrale as an all-union Komsomol building object from the 1970s, the place initially experienced a significant upswing with its pier on Lake Baikal and as a supply base for the railway construction in the direction of Tynda . However, because around 25 kilometers south-east at Baikal shore from 1970 in 1980 raised the city Severobaikalsk arose Nizhneangarsk lost the new economic importance of the latter soon, but remained Rajonverwaltungszentrum. As in all other places along the BAM, the population of Nizhneangarsk has declined since the late 1980s, albeit less sharply.

Population development

year	Residents
1939	5142
1959	3690
1970	3282
1979	5870
1989	6977
2002	5595
2010	5030

Note : census data

Economy and Infrastructure

In Nizhneangarsk there is a station on the Baikal-Amur Mainline ( Nizhneangarsk II ; route kilometers 1090 from Taishet ). The provisional rail traffic from the west to Nizhneangarsk was already started around 1980, the regular operation on the entire section from Severobaikalsk via Nizhneangarsk to Novaya Tschara, however, not until 1989, u. a. because of the complicated completion of the four Baikal foothills tunnels on the steep Baikal bank between Severobaikalsk and Nizhneangarsk, around which provisional bypass routes existed.

Nizhneangarsk is the northernmost shipping pier on Lake Baikal and the end point of the regular passenger line from Irkutsk. The road following the BAM also leads through the village.

Nizhneangarsk Airport ( ICAO code UIUN ) is located four kilometers northeast of the settlement and serves the entire northern Baikal area with the city of Severobaikalsk.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)