Trialeti Mountains
| Trialeti Mountains | ||
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 Trialeti Mountains |
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| Highest peak | Schawiklde ( 2850 m ) | |
| location | Georgia | |
| part of | Lesser Caucasus | |
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| Coordinates | 41 ° 41 ′ N , 43 ° 31 ′ E | |
 Trialeti Mountains |
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The Trialeti Mountains ( Georgian თრიალეთის ქედი , Trialetis Kedi ) is a mountain range in Georgia .
It is located in the Lesser Caucasus in the center of the country and runs 144 km in an east-west direction. Its width is 30 km. The highest point is the 2850 m high mountain Schawiklde ("Black Rock").
The eastern edge of the mountain range runs along the western border of the Georgian capital Tbilisi , the western end is on the Kura River , southwest of Borjomi . The western continuation is the Meschetian Mountains . The Trialeti Mountains are crossed in full length by the river Kzia ( called Chrami in the middle and lower reaches ). The mountains were created by volcanic activity during the Paleogene . Young andesite lavas predominate in the western part of the mountain range .
The slopes of the mountain range are mainly covered by deciduous forests , including oak , beech and hornbeam . The western part is covered by coniferous plants and mixed forests with fir , spruce , pine , beech and oak.
The Trialeti mountain range was already settled in the Upper Paleolithic and the Early Bronze Age in the 4th millennium. On the Zalka plateau (also known as the Tsalka plateau or plateau ) archaeologists unearthed finds of the Trialeti culture . The mountains were later crossed by trade routes that connected Iberia with the Byzantine Empire and Armenia . The ruins of old caravanserais testify to this . Traders also built Manglissi , Georgia's oldest city , in the Trialeti Mountains .
Many churches were built on the Zalka plateau in the 6th and 7th centuries and between the 10th and 13th centuries, including the basilicas of Tetrizqaro , Tak kili , Kuschtschi and Edrani . On the mountain Didgori ( 1647 m ) in the eastern part of the Trialeti mountain range, the Georgian King Dawit IV the builder defeated a quantitatively far superior Seljuks army on August 12, 1121 under the leadership of Emir Nejm-add-din-il-Ghazi.
See also
literature
- Iraklij Petrovič Gamkrelidze, Grigorij Petrovič Lobzanidže: Geologija centralnoj Adžaro-Trialeti. i problema boržomskoj mineralnoj wody . Mecnierba, Tbilisi 1984
- Boris A. Kuftin : Archaeological excavations in Trialeti . Publ. House of the Acad. of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, Tbilisi undated
Web links
- Devi Berdzenishvili: Historical monuments on the plateaus of South Georgia , 2006 (English)
- Arianna Sophia Zischow: The Bronze Age sites of the Tsalka Plateau in Trialeti: Georgia in the context of the Bronze Age of Transcaucasia , 2004 (de) (PDF; 805 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Article Trialeti Mountains in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)