Shabby clover

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Shabby clover
Shabby clover (Trigonella caerulea)

Shabby clover ( Trigonella caerulea )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Trigonella
Type : Shabby clover
Scientific name
Trigonella caerulea
( L. ) Ser.
Trigonella caerulea

The Schabzigerklee ( Trigonella caerulea ), also tailed clover or forties herb (Switzerland), gypsy herb (South Tyrol), cheese clover , fenugreek or Blue Stone Klee called, is a species of the genus Trigonella within the family of legumes (Fabaceae, Leguminosae). It apparently comes from Trigonella procumbens (Besser) Rchb as a cultivated plant . from, which is native to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Caucasus .

description

Habit, leaves and inflorescences

Vegetative characteristics

The Schabzigerklee is an annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 20 to 60, rarely up to 100 centimeters. The upright stem is sparsely hairy and hollow.

The alternate and spirally arranged leaves on the stem are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf blade has three pinna leaflet . With a length of 2 to 5 centimeters and a width of 5 to 20 millimeters, the leaflets are egg-shaped to oblong with a marginal upper end and a serrated edge.

Generative characteristics

The numerous flowers are densely arranged in the spherical, racemose inflorescence . The inflorescence stem is 2 to 5 inches long. The flower stalk is only about 1 millimeter long.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five approximately 3 millimeter long sepals are fused bell-shaped to about half their length; the calyx teeth are about as long as the calyx tube. The blue or white corolla has the typical shape of a butterfly flower and is about 6 millimeters long.

The upright or protruding legume is 4 to 5 millimeters long and about 3 millimeters wide, rhomboid-obovate, and suddenly contracted at the tip to form a beak 2 millimeters long. The brown seeds are egg-shaped with a length of about 2 millimeters and the seed coat is finely warty.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

Taxonomy

The first publication took place in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Trifolium caeruleum by Carl von Linné . The new combination to Trigonella caerulea ( L. ) Ser. was published in 1825 by Nicolas Charles Seringe . Other synonyms for Trigonella caerulea ( L. ) Ser. are: Melilotus coerulea ( L. ) Desr. , Melilotus coeruleus ( L. ) Desr. , Trifolium caerulea L. , Trigonella coerulea ( Desr. ) Ser. , Trigonella melilotus-coerulea ( L. ) Asch. & Graebn. , Trigonella melilotus-coeruleus ( L. ) Asch. & Graebn.

Cultivation and harvest

The many strongly fragrant flowers are a good pasture for bees .

The common spotted clover forms a taproot and collects nitrogen in the soil , which is important in organic farming: thanks to a symbiosis with bacteria, protein is obtained from the nitrogen in the air at the roots of the butterflies (Fabaceae, Leguminosae). This protein is found in nodules that can be used by the legumes themselves, but ultimately also by all other plants. The cultivation of legumes can therefore make the use of nitrogen fertilizers superfluous.

The green above-ground parts of the plant are harvested by mowing the plant one to three times a year shortly before or after the anthesis (flowering), depending on the intended use . The fresh harvest is then dried and finely ground.

use

Schabzigerklee is only used dry for seasoning . In Switzerland, Schabziger's clover, which is a little milder than fenugreek , has a strong spicy smell of fresh hay and tastes peculiarly bitter, is used to make Schabzigers , a very aromatic cheese. In South Tyrol it is used as a component of the bread clover as a typical bread spice for Vinschgau flat bread, for Schüttelbrot and other rye breads.

It is also particularly suitable for savory rolls , pancakes or waffles as well as other savory baked goods, it seasons salads , dips and spreads made from cream cheese or quark and is used for casseroles with cheese , eggs and potatoes . It is available in dried form in grocery stores and health food stores , often from organic farming .

As Uzcho-suneli (უცხო სუნელი), black clover is a spice often used in Georgian cuisine .

effect

The aromatic and tart tasting Schabzigerklee stimulates the appetite and digestion.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e R. B. Ivimey-Cook: Trigonella L. , pp. 150-152. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1968, ISBN 0-521-06662-X , pp. 152 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. XXX.
  3. ↑ brotklee.it - Zigainerkraut - bread clover .

Web links

Commons : Black clover ( Trigonella caerulea )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files