Tupolev ANT-9
| Tupolev ANT-9 | |
|---|---|
 Tupolev ANT-9 of Aeroflot on skis |
|
| Type: | Passenger plane |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
April 1929 |
| Commissioning: |
1930 |
| Production time: |
1928-1933 |
| Number of pieces: |
75 |
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The Tupolev ANT-9 ( Russian Туполев АНТ-9 ) was a Soviet passenger aircraft that was in service in the 1930s.
development
It was created in response to an October 1927 request for a domestic airliner. At that time only foreign models, mainly German, were flown at Deruluft and the forerunner of Aeroflot , Dobroljot. The first drafts of the shoulder wing were made in December of the same year under the direction of Alexander Archangelski . First, a dummy was made, which was removed in October 1928.
The first prototype called "Krylja Sowjetow" ( Крылья советов , German wing of the Soviets ) received three French Gnôme-Rhône-Titan engines and flew for the first time in April 1929. It was presented to the public on May 1, 1929 on Red Square and went then into the state flight test, which was completed in June. It was planned to equip the production models with M-26 engines, but after a few copies they had to switch to American Wright Whirlwind with three-bladed propellers, as the M-26 was very prone to failure. Later on, the tail unit was enlarged and the corrugated iron paneling was covered with fabric. Twelve of this first series were built. Two of these aircraft were used by Deruluft from 1933 on the Berlin-Moscow route.
Michail Gromow carried out a European sightseeing flight with the Krylia Sowjetow on the route Moscow – Travemünde – Berlin – Paris – Rome – Marseille – London – Paris – Berlin – Warsaw – Moscow, which lasted from July 10 to August 8, 1929 and for caused quite a stir. He carried eight passengers over a distance of 9,037 km, which he covered in 53 hours of flight at an average speed of 177 km / h.
In September 1930, the testing was finally completed, and series production has now continued with only two M-17 engines of Soviet design, which gave the model a higher speed. The motor gondolas of the ANT-7 were taken over, which increased the span by 0.5 m. The official name for this version was PS-9 ( Russian пассажирский самолёт for passenger aircraft ). The total number of machines was 75. Until the beginning of the Great Patriotic War , they served as passenger or staff aircraft mainly on the airlines in Central Asia and the Caucasus. They were then used as transport and medical aircraft until 1943.
An ANT-9 that became known from photos was painted accordingly in 1935 on behalf of the magazine “Krokodil” with a large snout on the bow and “humps” on the back. It was flown for several years by the Maxim Gorky propaganda squadron .
A five-engine development called the Tupolev ANT-14 was built in just one copy and could carry 36 passengers. She was in service until 1941.
Technical specifications
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| Parameter | Data (prototype, 1929) |
Data (ANT-9, 1931) |
Data (ANT-9, 1933) |
Data (PS-9, 1933) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| crew | 2 | |||
| Passengers | 9 | |||
| constructor | Alexander Arkhangelsky | |||
| span | 23.70 m | 23.80 m | ||
| length | 17.00 m | 16.65 m | 17.01 m | |
| height | k. A. | k. A. | 5.0 m | k. A. |
| Wing area | 84.0 m² | |||
| Empty mass | 3353 kg | 3950 kg | 3680 kg | 4400 kg |
| payload | 1690 kg | 2050 kg | 2010 kg | 1800 kg |
| Takeoff mass | 5043 kg | 6000 kg | 5690 kg | 6200 kg |
| Ratio of usable / take-off mass |
33.5% | 34.2% | 35.3% | 29.0% |
| Wing loading | 60.0 kg / m² | 71.4 kg / m² | 67.7 kg / m² | 73.8 kg / m² |
| Power load | 9.95 kg / kW (7.31 kg / PS) |
9.05 kg / kW (6.67 kg / PS) |
8.58 kg / kW (6.32 kg / PS) |
6.20 kg / kW (4.56 kg / PS) |
| drive | three air-cooled radial engines | two liquid-cooled V-engines | ||
| Type | Gnome-Rhône Titan ( seven cylinder engine ) |
M-26 |
Wright Whirlwind (nine cylinder engine) |
M-17 ( twelve cylinder engine ) |
| rated capacity | 169 kW (230 PS) | 221 kW (300 hp) | 224 kW (approx. 300 PS) | 368 kW (500 hp) |
| Top speed close to the ground |
209 km / h | 185 km / h | 205 km / h | 215 km / h |
| Cruising speed | k. A. | k. A. | 170 km / h | 180 km / h |
| Landing speed | 110 km / h | 115 km / h | 93 km / h | 110 km / h |
| Rise time | 6.8 min at 1000 m 15.5 min at 2000 m 30.7 min at 3000 m |
7.0 min at 1000 m 15.9 min at 2000 min 39.4 min at 3000 m |
8.5 min at 1000 m 16.0 min at 2000 m 28.0 min at 3000 m |
6.0 min at 1000 m 12.5 min at 2000 m 18.5 min at 3000 m |
| Take-off / landing runway | k. A. | k. A. | 280 m / 155 m | k. A. |
| Service ceiling | 3810 m | 3400 m | 4500 m | 5100 m |
| Range | 1000 km | 700 km | ||
literature
- Wadim B. Schawrow: Aircraft constructions in the years of socialist industrialization (2) . In: Wolfgang Sellenthin (Ed.): Fliegerkalender der DDR 1980 . Military Publishing House of the GDR, Berlin 1979, p. 196-198 .
- Heinz A. F. Schmidt: Soviet planes . Transpress, Berlin 1971, p. 66 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Peter Korrell: TB-3 . The story of a bomber. Transpress, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-344-00116-7 , pp. 178/179 .