Tupolev Tu-91
| Tupolev Tu-91 | |
|---|---|
| Type: | Naval aircraft |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
17th May 1955 |
| Number of pieces: |
1 |
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The Tupolev Tu-91 ( Russian Туполев Ту-91 , NATO code name Boot ) was a Soviet naval aircraft. It was developed in the early 1950s for use on aircraft carriers .
development
The construction work began in 1950 due to the elaboration phase for a Soviet carrier construction program under the project name 507 . Tupolev's OKB had been chosen for this task because all other offices were already busy with other tasks.
With the help of employees from the OKB Suchoi , which has since been dissolved , a cantilever low- wing aircraft with a fully retractable nose wheel landing gear and wings with slightly negative swept-back wings was created. The TW-2M turbine used drove two counter-rotating three-blade propellers. The fuselage had a spindle-shaped shape, which is why the aircraft was also nicknamed Byk (Бык, Bulle) or Botschka (Бочка, ton). In the course of the development of the Tu-91 a Tu-4 bomber was used to test the drive of the Tu-91. In the Tu-4, the inner right drive was replaced by an almost complete Tu-91 fuselage with the counter-rotating turboprop drive.
The first flight took place on May 17, 1955 with D. Sjusin at the controls. In the course of the test, the Tu-91 received a boundary layer fence on each wing , which was connected to an external load weapon station on the underside of the wing. The Tu-91 each had an on- board cannon Afanasjew-Makarow AM-23 in the wing root and a remote-controlled rear cannon of the same type of weapon. The cockpit was specially protected against fire with steel and aluminum plates as well as bulletproof glass.
The Tu-91 was not built in series, since the carrier construction program was limited to the construction of anti -submarine cruisers for many years . On the order of Nikita Khrushchev , the only completed Tu-91 and an almost completed second copy were scrapped. The Tu-91, which developed more and more in the direction of an attack aircraft, met the same fate as the Il-40 . The second copy already contained improvements that resulted from the flight tests of the first machine, as well as an enlarged cockpit. Production was to take place in Factory No. 31 in Tbilisi (Georgia).
In addition to the tasks of combating ground and sea targets, versions for combating submarines and for electronic countermeasures (ECM) were planned. With the beginning of the Vietnam War it became apparent that there was a need for this class of aircraft, which led to the development of the Northrop YA-9 and Fairchild-Republic A-10 in the USA, and the Il-102 in the Soviet Union based on the Il-40 as well as the Suchoi Su-25 developed for this task. In contrast to the Il-40, a further development of the Tu-91 was not considered.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | OKB Tupolev |
| Construction year | 1955 |
| crew | 2 |
| length | 17.70 m |
| span | 16.35 m |
| height | 5.06 m |
| Wing area | 47.48 m² |
| Wing extension | 5.6 |
| Empty mass | approx. 8,000 kg |
| Takeoff mass | 14,400 kg |
| drive | a PTL Issotow TW-2M with 5,709 kW (7,762 PS) |
| Top speed | 800 & km / h without payload |
| Marching speed | 650 km / h |
| Service ceiling | 8,000 m |
| Range | 2,400 km |
| Take-off / landing route | 518 m with normal payload / 438–652 m |
| Armament | One 23 mm MK NR-23 in each wing and one 12.7 mm MG SchKAS in the fuselage |
| Bomb load | 1,500 kg under the fuselage and at the outstations |
literature
- Rudolf Höfling: Tupolev . Airplanes since 1922. Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2012, ISBN 978-3-613-03459-4 .
- Manfred Jurleit: Tupolev Tu-91 . In: Fliegerrevue . No. 12 (490) , 1993, pp. 46 (574) .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pictures of the Tu-4LL-Tu-91 test configuration
- ↑ Duffy & Kandalov 1996, p. 112-113
- ↑ Jefim Gordon , Wladimir Rigmant: OKB Tupolev - A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft , Midland, 2005, pp. 146-148, ISBN 1-85780-214-4