Tower thaler

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Halber Turmtaler (cliff) undated, Wolf Dietrichs von Raitenau, Archbishop of Salzburg, variant with IN D (domi) NO SPERANS NON INFIRMABOR (Trusting in God I [the bishop] will not waver.) (Weight 14.37 g )

Tower coins , also known as tower coins , are coins that Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau , Archbishop of Salzburg (1587–1612, died 1617) had minted in 1593 and 1594. Taler pieces, thalers and multiple thalers as well as designs of thalers in the shape of a cliff and as gold cuts are known . There are also types of embossing. It is highly likely that the archbishop had the coin stamped in memory of the Turkish wars , although his troops were not directly involved in the fighting.

Coin-historical connections

Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau had the tower stamp most likely to commemorate the Turkish wars, although his troops contributed little to it. (Painting by Kaspar Memberger )

In the biography Wolf Dietrich von Raittenau, Archbishop of Salzburg , Karl Mayr-Deisinger mentions Raitenau's help for Emperor Rudolf II (1576–1612) in the fight against the Turks . According to this, the archbishop first tried to break away from the district association "by refusing to join the resolutions of the majority at the district assembly [...]". "At his own discretion," said Mayr-Deisinger, "he sent a small amount of troop aid to the emperor in Hungary against the Turks."

According to Friedrich von Schrötter , Raitenau's troops “only got as far as Styria without seeing a Turk”.

The tower on the reverse of the coin is exposed to violent storms. The inscription RESISTIT IMMOTA ([The tower] remained motionless.) Or another embossing variant with the inscription IN DOMINO SPERANS NON INFIRMABOR (Trusting in God I [the bishop] will not waver.) Are impressive words that the bishop has imprinted on his tower let sit. However, he himself did not stick to his words. When the Bavarian army under Duke Maximilian I (1598–1651, elector from 1623) approached after the Salzburg invasion of the prince provostie Berchtesgaden in 1611 , he fled to Carinthia . There he was caught and had to abdicate as archbishop.

“On the evening of October 23rd, he fled with 7 wagons with silver dishes and jewels […]. Asked by the chapter , Maximilian had him pursued and [...] taken prisoner on Carinthian soil, first led to Werfen Castle and then to Hohensalzburg Castle . There he remained in the hands of the Duke until his final abdication [...]. Wolf Dietrich was confined to a few rooms in the Hohensalzburg Fortress, because the restless man feared new, confusing practices until the end of his life [...]. "

The military conflict between the Prince Archbishopric of Salzburg and the Duchy of Bavaria was called the Ox War 1611 or Salt War. The noble words of Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau on his towers are in stark contrast to his later escape when the Bavarians invaded Salzburg.

Note: In a Künker auction, a 10 ducat piece (tower coinage) from 1594 was sold as a " gift coin from Raitenau to his troops" with the inscription IN DOMINO SPERANS NON INFIRMABOR (I [the bishop] will not hesitate in trusting God). Accordingly, the tower probably symbolizes "the archbishop in his steadfastness and defensiveness against the Turks". According to another interpretation, the tower is "a symbol of the Catholic Church that withstood the threats posed by the Reformation ". (The 10 ducat piece is “extremely rare”. It was sold for € 60,000.)

Coin description

Turmtaler (cliff) from 1593, Wolf Dietrichs von Raitenau, Archbishop of Salzburg (44 mm × 44 mm; 28.63 g)

The description of the coin is based on the silver Reichstaler cliff from 1593 shown here . It was minted in the Salzburg mint without the mint master's mark and without the artist's signature. The tower taler, designed as a cliff, measures 44 × 44 millimeters and weighs 28.63 grams.

front

The obverse shows the enthroned collegiate saint Rupert of Salzburg with miter , crook and salt barrel as an attribute behind the episcopal six-panel coat of arms with a central shield. Rupert von Salzburg, born around 650 AD, was the first Salzburg bishop . He founded the diocese of Salzburg .

  • Transcription: SANCTVS • RVDBE - RTVS • EP (iscopu) S • SALISBV (rgensis)
    • Translation: Saint Rupert, Bishop of Salzburg.

back

The reverse shows a tower protruding from surging waves, exposed to violent storms, personified by heads . Hail falls from storm clouds over the tower.

  • Legend: RESISTIT • IMMOTA, in between the Roman year M • D • XCIII (1593)
    • Translation: [The tower] remained motionless.

Replica

From the tower Taler version from 1594 (diameter 45 mm) with the inscription on the back IN DOMINO sperans NON INFIRMABOR exist as Nachprägung called replicas from 1976 with the wording "Tower Taler NP 1594 / NP 1976 Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau pp", the same as the original by a tiny fineness mark with "925", which is present next to the coat of arms on the front lower left in the smooth field . Tampering with these items can therefore not be ruled out, which could result in forgeries . The raised fineness mark does not offer sufficient security against fraudulent intent, as it can be easily removed. The edge design of the replica shows no offset, which rarely occurs with original pieces in free embossing .

There are also “new coins” that should not be confused with originals.

literature

  • Helmut Kahnt: The large lexicon of coins from A to Z , Regenstauf 2005
  • Friedrich von Schrötter, N. Bauer, K. Regling, A. Suhle, R. Vasmer, J. Wilcke: Dictionary of Coin Studies , Berlin 1970 (reprint of the original edition from 1930)
  • Heinz Fengler, Gerd Gierow, Willy Unger: transpress Lexikon Numismatics , Berlin 1976
  • Karl Mayr-Deisinger:  Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau, Archbishop of Salzburg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 43, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, pp. 723-726.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helmut Kahnt: Das große Münzlexikon von A to Z (2005), p. 496.
  2. ↑ Heinz Fengler: transpress Lexikon Numismatik (1976), p. 400.
  3. ^ Karl Mayr-Deisinger:  Wolf Dietrich von Raittenau, Archbishop of Salzburg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 43, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, pp. 723-726.
  4. ^ Friedrich von Schrötter: Dictionary of Coin Studies (1970, reprint from 1930), p. 709: "Coined in memory of the Turkish war".
  5. ↑ Helmut Kahnt: Das große Münzlexikon von A to Z (2005), p. 496: Umschriften.
  6. ^ Karl Mayr-Deisinger:  Wolf Dietrich von Raittenau, Archbishop of Salzburg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 43, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, pp. 723-726.
  7. ↑ Helmut Kahnt: The large coin dictionary from A to Z (2005), p. 496: Turmtaler.
  8. ↑ Künker auction 331: 10 ducats 1594, tower minting, gift coin to the troops.
  9. ↑ Münzkabinett Berlin: 4 ducats (cliff), Mint Salzburg
  10. ^ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , 4th edition 1885–1890, p. 573: Rupertus (Ruprecht)
  11. ↑ minted from 1976 the tower thaler from 1594 with hallmark "925"
  12. ↑ New issue 2008: Tower coinage Salzburg PP, encapsulated