United Nations Angola Verification Mission II
UNAVEM II | |
---|---|
operation area | Angola |
German name | United Nations verification mission in Angola II |
English name | United Nations Angola Verification Mission II |
Based on UN resolution | 696 (May 30, 1991) |
Beginning | May 1991 |
The End | February 1995 |
management |
Margaret Joan Anstee ( Great Britain ) February 1992 - June 1993 Alioune Blondin Beye ( Mali ) June 1993 - February 1995 |
Deaths | 5 |
Location of the operational area |
The United Nations Angola Verification Mission II (UNAVEM II) was to UNAVEM I , the second of three consecutive peacekeeping missions of the United Nations in Angola . It was followed by UNAVEM III .
initial situation
After all foreign troops had successfully withdrawn from Angola, everyone saw a chance to pacify the entire region in principle. From this initially Namibia gained its independence and then the Angolan civil war parties MPLA and UNITA were persuaded, despite the failure on May 1, 1991 in Estoril in Portugal, to sign peace treaties in Lisbon , Portugal on May 31, 1991 ( Acordos de Paz para Angola or also Bicesse Accords or Peace Accords for Angola ). These treaties contained four agreements: a ceasefire, basic principles of peace for Angola, proposed solutions to unresolved issues between MPLA and UNITA, and the Estoril Protocol.
development
UNAVEM II was brought into being on May 30, 1991 by UN resolution 696 in order to verify the agreements of the two civil war parties MPLA and UNITA and to monitor the Angolan police during the ceasefire. On March 24, 1992 the mandate of UNAVEM II was expanded by UN resolution 747 to include the observation and verification of parliamentary and presidential elections.
After the fighting flared up again in October 1992, the mandate of UNAVEM II was repeatedly adapted to the new situation by UN resolutions 804 (January 20, 1993), 811 (March 12, 1993) and 834 (June 1, 1993) To move MPLA and UNITA to new negotiations and to derive a ceasefire at national or local level.
On November 20, 1994, the MPLA and UNITA signed the Lusaka Protocol ; the UN Security Council for its part passed UN resolutions 952 (October 27, 1994) and 966 (December 8, 1994) and authorized UNAVEM II to verify the agreements reached and those of the peace agreement.
In February 1995 the UN Security Council established UNAVEM III.
Participating member states
Algeria , Egypt , Argentina , Brazil , Guinea-Bissau , India , Ireland , Jordan , Yugoslavia , Canada , Colombia , Congo , Malaysia , Morocco , Netherlands , New Zealand , Nigeria , Norway , Sweden , Senegal , Zimbabwe , Singapore , Spain , Czechoslovakia ( from January 1993 Slovakia ) and Hungary