Ugra (river)
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Ugra Угра |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 09010100412110000020453 | |
| location | Smolensk , Kaluga ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Volga | |
| Drain over | Oka → Volga → Caspian Sea | |
| source |
Smolensk Heights 54 ° 24 ′ 33 ″ N , 33 ° 27 ′ 53 ″ E |
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| muzzle | west of Kaluga in the Oka coordinates: 54 ° 30 ′ 26 " N , 36 ° 6 ′ 23" E 54 ° 30 ′ 26 " N , 36 ° 6 ′ 23" E |
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| Mouth height |
117 m
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| length | 339 km | |
| Catchment area | 15,700 km² | |
| Outflow location: 35 km above the mouth |
MQ |
90 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Vorja , Shanja , Iswer , Schischala | |
| Right tributaries | Ressa , Tetscha | |
| Small towns | Juchnow | |
 Course of the Ugra (Угра) in the western catchment area of the Oka |
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The Ugra ( Russian Угра ) is a 339 km long left tributary of the Oka in the European part of Russia .
geography
The Ugra has its source in the Smolensk Heights in the southeastern part of the Smolensk Oblast and flows over a length of 339 km through the Smolensk Oblast and the Kaluga Oblast . The catchment area of the river covers an area of 15,700 km². The amount of water that the river carries varies greatly over the year. In spring, between March and May, the Ugra carries constant high water from the melting snow and ice. In summer and autumn the river usually has low water, only occasionally interrupted by spring tides due to heavy rainfall. In winter there is constant low water. During the spring flood , the water rises by up to 11 meters compared to the winter water level. During this time the flow rate is about 35 kilometers above the confluence with the Oka on average 90 m³ per second.
history
The Ugra has been a border river between different empires since the early Middle Ages. Reports of military clashes on the river date back to 1147. The most famous battle is probably the standing on the Ugra in 1480. At that time the river was the border between the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . During the battle, the army of the Golden Horde under Akhmat Khan and the army of the Grand Duchy of Russia under Ivan III. across from. After a brief battle, both armies were stationed on opposite banks. After the ally of the Mongols, the Grand Duke of Lithuania Kazimir IV Jagiello , failed to appear and the Russian army was able to strengthen itself, the troops of the Golden Horde withdrew to the south without a fight. This battle marks the end of Mongol rule over Russia and the starting point for the rise of the Russian Empire and the fall of the Empire of the Golden Horde.
During the Patriotic War against Napoléon Bonaparte , the area around Juchnow was defended by partisans around Denis Vasilyevich Dawydow . The partisans were so successful that the Napoleonic army did not conquer the area. Also during the Second World War there were several skirmishes and battles in the area of the river.
