Ernsthofen substation
Coordinates: 48 ° 7 ′ 29 ″ N , 14 ° 28 ′ 29 ″ E
The substation Ernsthofen is in Ernsthofen in Austrian state Lower Austria located substation that at Enns directly at the border to Upper Austria located.
It was originally built in the 1930s and 1940s to feed the energy from the Kaprun power station that is currently being built into the network of industrial companies in the greater Linz area and into the supra-regional network of the Reichsammelschiene .
Today, the plant is operated by the Verbund subsidiary Austrian Power Grid , which also operates a large part of Austria's high and extra-high voltage network. It is one of the four largest network nodes in Austria's 380 kV high-voltage ring and is used to supply electrical energy to the greater Linz and Steyr area and the western part of Lower Austria.
history
After Austria was " annexed " to the German Reich at the time of National Socialism , Alpen-Elektrowerke , newly founded in 1938, was a subsidiary of VIAG and , like the German Elektrowerke, drove the construction of hydropower plants and high-voltage lines in Austria according to Nazi regulations, in 1939 with the construction of a large substation including a load distributor on the banks of the Enns in Ernsthofen . The intention was to use the system to feed the electricity generated from the hydropower plants in the Alpine region , above all from the Kaprun power plant , which is under construction and heavily staged by Nazi propaganda , into the power grid of the electrical works. The Linz hut of Reichswerke Hermann Göring (now Voestalpine AG ), which is also under construction , was to be supplied with electricity from the Reich's own network via the system.
An interconnected network under the supervision of the electrical works was to be created over an almost 800 km long 220 kV line, which extends from Ernsthofen through Bavaria to the power plants in the central German lignite district and as far as Hanover , the so-called Reichssammelschiene . At the Lehrte substation , the northern end of the network system, there was also a connection to the 220 kV network of RWE and PreussenElektra . On the one hand, analogous to the RWE's north-south pipeline from the 1920s, interconnected operation between the lignite power plants in western and central Germany and the Alpine hydropower plants could be made possible; on the other hand, they took the opportunity to centrally regulate the electricity rationing of all the companies on the line that were considered important to the war effort.
On September 30, 1941, the substation was put into operation in its first expansion stage together with the Reichsammelschiene as the largest such facility in Austria. It covered an area of 14 ha .
As part of the expansion of the 220 kV network, a crossbar operated with this voltage was to be created within Austria, which would be connected from the Bürs substation of Vorarlberger Illwerke , which is a southern end point of the RWE north-south line, via the Arlberg to Tyrol , from there through the Zillertal and over the Gerlos Pass to the Kaprun power plant. The 220 kV lines from Kaprun to Ernsthofen and from Ernsthofen to Vienna were already under construction. These were the first 220 kV lines on the barrel masts typical of Austria .
Work has already been done on extending the busbar via Vienna to Moravia and into the Upper Silesian industrial area to Oderberg ( Bohumín ), but construction work had to be interrupted due to the outbreak of the Second World War . Only the section from Ernsthofen to the Bisamberg substation was completed in 1943. Due to the construction stop on the 220 kV line, there was only a 110 kV connection via the Arthurwerk between Ernsthofen and Kaprun.
A 220 kV connection from Kaprun to St. Peter, another substation of the Reichssammelschiene, was no longer pursued, so Ernsthofen remained the only higher-level feed-in point for the power plant project.
The second expansion stage of the substation could already be partially completed in 1944. This was only possible through the use of forced labor such as prisoners of war and concentration camp inmates. The 110 kV lines were now completed or under construction.
- Ernsthofen – Hut Linz – Wegscheid – Timelkam – Arthurwerk – Kaprun
- Ernsthofen – Hessenberg– Bruck an der Mur - Mürzzuschlag - Ebenfurth
- Ernsthofen– Pottenbrunn
After the Second World War, Ennskraftwerke AG's Mühlrading power station, which was located downstream, was completed and connected to the substation in 1947 .
As part of the creation of a pan-European network, the substation then became an important hub for exporting the Austrian hydropower plants with their enormous reserves to neighboring European countries.
In the course of the construction of the Zwentendorf nuclear power plant , the first 380 kV line in Austria was built in 1976, which leads from the Dürnrohr substation to Ernsthofen. The plant was thus expanded to include a 380 kV system.
In the meantime, the substation has developed into the most important network node in the region and is part of the 380 kV high-voltage ring .
Technical specifications
The substation consists of several outdoor switchgears for 380 kV, 220 kV and 110 kV with a total of ten busbars . On the 380 kV level there is an auxiliary busbar with two network coupling transformers to the 220 kV level with a total output of 1200 MVA . The 220 kV system consists of three busbars with two coupling fields, eight overhead line fields and five network coupling transformers to the 110 kV level with a total of 1040 MVA. The 110 kV system for supplying the regional distribution networks consists of three busbars with three coupling fields and twelve overhead line fields. For static compensation of reactive power are four air chokes with a reactive power of 100 MVAr , 50 MVAr, 10 MVAr and 8 Mvar available.
Larger industrial companies such as Voestalpine are connected to the substation with their own 110 kV line.
Web links
swell
- ^ Austrian Power Grid AG (APG) of October 3, 2011: Austrian Power Grid AG celebrated 70 years of the Ernsthofen substation. Retrieved February 19, 2017 .
- ^ A b Verbund, Austrian Power Grid: Ernsthofen substation in the northern operating region. 1st edition. October 2005
- ↑ Karl Girkmann, Erwin King Höfer: The high-voltage overhead lines . Springer Verlag, Vienna 1952, p. 9.
- ↑ a b Oskar Vas: The share of Austria in the electricity industry community planning in Europe . Springer Verlag, Vienna 1948, p. 4.
- ^ A b Karl Deutsch, Karl Kauder: Overview circuit diagram of the Austrian high-voltage network with its most important power plants, substations and lines as of July 1947 . Springer Verlag, Vienna 1948, p. 3.
- ^ Christine Oertel, Oliver Rathkorb, Florian Freund: Nazi forced labor in the "Ostmark" electricity industry 1938–1945 . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2014, p. 243.
- ↑ Verbund AG: run-of Mühlrading. Retrieved February 19, 2017 .