Mission des Nations Unies pour la stabilization in Haiti

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MINUSTAH
operation area Haiti
German name United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti
English name United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti
French name Mission des Nations Unies pour la stabilization in Haiti
Spanish name Misión de Estabilización de las Naciones Unidas en Haití
Based on UN resolution 1542 (April 30, 2004)
Other UN resolutions 1576 (November 29, 2004)
1601 (May 31, 2005)
1608 (June 22, 2005)
1658 (February 14, 2006)
1702 (August 15, 2006)
1743 (February 15, 2007)
1780 (October 15, 2007)
1840 (October 14, 2008)
1892 (October 13, 2009)
1908 (January 19, 2010)
1927 (June 4, 2010)
2012 (October 14, 2011)
2070 (October 12, 2012)
2119 (October 10, 2013)
2180 ( October 14, 2014)
2243 (2015)
2313 (2016)
2350 (2017)
Type of mission Peace mission
Beginning June 1, 2004
The End 15th October 2017
management until January 12, 2010: Hédi Annabi † ( Tunisia ); in office since January 23, 2013: Sandra Honoré ( Trinidad and Tobago )
Operating strength (max.) approx. 4,900
Military out ArgentinaArgentina BoliviaBolivia BrazilBrazil ChileChile El SalvadorEl Salvador EcuadorEcuador GuatemalaGuatemala HondurasHondurasIndonesiaIndonesia JordanJordan CanadaCanada MexicoMexico NepalNepal ParaguayParaguay PeruPeru PhilippinesPhilippines Sri LankaSri Lanka UruguayUruguay United StatesUnited States
Police off ArgentinaArgentina EgyptEgypt BangladeshBangladesh BeninBenin BrazilBrazil Burkina FasoBurkina Faso BurundiBurundi ChileChile Ivory CoastIvory Coast El SalvadorEl Salvador FranceFrance GrenadaGrenada Guinea-aGuinea IndiaIndia JamaicaJamaica YemenYemen JordanJordan KazakhstanKazakhstan MadagascarMadagascar NepalNepal NigerNiger NigeriaNigeria NorwayNorway PakistanPakistan ParaguayParaguay PhilippinesPhilippines RomaniaRomania RwandaRwanda RussiaRussia SenegalSenegal

SlovakiaSlovakia SpainSpain Sri LankaSri Lanka TunisiaTunisia TurkeyTurkey UruguayUruguay VanuatuVanuatu United StatesUnited States

Deaths 186
costs 500,080,500 U $ (July 2014- June 2015)
Location of the operational area LocationHaiti.svg

The United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti ( French United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti , MINUSTAH ) was a peace mission of the United Nations in Haiti . With resolution 1542 of April 30, 2004, the UN Security Council created the mission as a measure against Haiti's threat to world peace and security in the region. MINUSTAH started work on June 1, 2004. The mandate was extended several times, most recently by resolution 2350 from April 13, 2017 to October 15, 2017. On October 15, 2017 the last (Brazilian) MINUSTAH unit withdrew.

The United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in Haiti, which follows MINUSTAH, is the United Nations Mission in Support of Justice in Haiti (MINUJUSTH).

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The headquarters were located in the Christopher Hotel in Port-au-Prince until the earthquake . The UN Secretary General's special envoy and head of the mission was Hédi Annabi from Tunisia . Annabi and his first deputy Luiz Carlos da Costa from Brazil died in the rubble of the building, as did the head of the UN police force, Doug Coates from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and dozens of other employees, soldiers and police officers.

On January 14, 2010, the UN peacekeeping leadership in New York dispatched Assistant Secretary-General for Peace Operations, Edmond Mulet , and Assistant Secretary-General for Operations Support, Anthony Banbury , to temporarily lead the mission. Deputy Special Envoy Kim Bolduc was unharmed and continued to serve as humanitarian and development policy coordinator and UNDP representative.

The commander of the MINUSTAH blue helmet troops was after the Brazilian Major General Floriano Peixoto Vieira Neto since March 11, 2010, the also Brazilian Major General Luiz Guilhermo Paul Cruz . The head of the UN police was Mamadou Mountaga Diallo from Guinea .

Operational strength

At the beginning of MINUSTAH in 2004, 6,008 military personnel, around 1,398 police officers and a civilian staff consisting of almost 550 international employees, around 150 United Nations volunteers and almost 1,000 local staff were deployed . Resolution 1608 of June 22, 2005 increased the number of military personnel to 7,500 and that of police to almost 1,900. On August 15, 2006, the UN Security Council decided with resolution 1702 to deploy around 50 additional police officers and reduced the number of military personnel to 7,200. In addition, 16 officials from the member states were approved to correct errors. Since January 31, 2007, a total of 8,550 uniformed men have been deployed, including almost 6,800 military personnel and almost 1,770 police officers. The civil support staff consists of 432 international and 642 local civilian employees as well as 166 volunteers from the United Nations.

After the devastating earthquake in Haiti , the Security Council decided to increase the mission by 2,000 soldiers and 1,500 police officers to a total of around 12,650 people.

186 members of the mission died on duty by June 30, 2017, including 70 soldiers , 37 police officers , 43 international, 30 domestic civilians and one other employee. Most of them (101) died in the January 12, 2010 earthquake.

International participation

Deployment of MINUSTAH UN soldiers

Soldiers for MINUSTAH were from Argentina , Bolivia , Brazil , Chile , Dominican Republic , Ecuador , France , Guatemala , Japan , Jordan , Canada , Korea , Nepal , Paraguay , Peru , the Philippines , Sri Lanka , Uruguay and the United States .

Police officers for MINUSTAH were provided by Algeria , Egypt , Argentina , Bangladesh , Belgium , Benin , Brazil , Burkina Faso , Chile , China , Ivory Coast , El Salvador , France , Guinea , India , Jamaica , Yemen , Jordan , Cameroon , Canada , Croatia , Colombia , Madagascar , Mali , Mexico , Nepal , Niger , Nigeria , Oman , Pakistan , Philippines , Rwanda , Romania , Russia , Switzerland , Senegal , Serbia , Spain , Sri Lanka , South Africa , Togo , Chad , Turkey , the United States and the Central African Republic .

criticism

The operation is the subject of vehement criticism in Haiti itself, but also internationally. For example, a 2004 report by the Center of the Study of Human Rights at the University of Miami names indications of fatal attacks by MINUSTAH forces and national police personnel. Amnesty International took up similar evidence on the occasion of the death of a demonstrator in the run-up to the presidential elections: Members of MINUSTAH were accused of "being responsible for the death of the man". These hitherto unresolved matters are given weight by the publication of diplomatic cables by wikileaks, which suggest that the USA and Brazil have shared a political interest with MINUSTAH. In this context, the death of the first MINUSTAH military commander Urano Teixeira da Matta Bacellar , who was found shot dead in a hotel room in 2006, also appears to be in need of investigation. After long hesitation, the UN admitted that cholera was brought to Haiti in 2010 by MINUSTAH soldiers. The report presented to the United Nations Human Rights Council in March 2016 by a broad alliance of Haitian human rights organizations under the leadership of Kòdinasyon Nasyonal Ansyen Mawon Viktim Dirèk (KONAMAVID) and the Organization des Femmes Actives de Rivière Canot (OFARC) is particularly devastating. He sums up that, above all, “the risk of children, women and girls becoming victims of exploitation and sexual violence has increased as a result of the presence of 5,000 civil, military and police MINUSTAH forces”.

Previous UN missions in Haiti

Web links

Commons : Mission des Nations Unies pour la stabilization en Haïti  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ UN Security Council Resolution 1542 (2004) ( English ) United Nations . Retrieved January 29, 2010.
  2. ↑ UN Security Council: Resolution 2350 (2017). UN, April 13, 2017, accessed July 29, 2017 .
  3. ↑ a b Matthias Rüb: UN mission in Haiti aid supplies against sexual "services". The UN mission in Haiti ends after 13 years. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of October 16, 2017, p. 5.
  4. ↑ Ban mourns deaths of top UN officials in Haiti quake ( English ) United Nations . January 16, 2010. Retrieved January 17, 2010.
  5. ↑ http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2010/sga1225.doc.htm
  6. ↑ SIPRI Yearbook 2004 , pages 272-273, Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-19-928401-6
  7. ↑ Security Council authorizes 3,500 more UN peacekeepers for Haiti ( English ) United Nations . January 19, 2010. Retrieved January 19, 2010.
  8. ^ United Nations Peacekeeping: Fatalities. UN, June 30, 2017, accessed July 29, 2017 .
  9. ↑ Thomas M. Griffin: Haiti Human Rights Investigation - November 11-21, 2004 .
  10. ↑ Amnesty International: Haiti: Fear for safety / Possible excessive use of force (AMR 36/007/2006), February 14, 2006.
  11. ↑ Kim Ives: WikiLeaks points to US meddling in Haiti . In: The Guardian, January 21, 2011.
  12. ↑ Jonathan Katz: UN Admits Role in Cholera Epidemic in Haiti . In: New York Times, August 17, 2016.
  13. ↑ Kòdinasyon Nasyonal Ansyen Mawon Viktim Dirèk (KONAMAVID) and Organization des Femmes Actives de Rivière Canot (OFARC) (ed.): Sur les abus et exploitations sexuels faits aux Femmes, Filles, et Jeunes Hommes par les agents des Nations Unies, et les violations du droit á l'accès au recours. Soumission faite par une coalition des organizations de bas des droits de l'homme , March 24, 2016 (original in French).